2019 年 06 月大学英语四级考试真题（第 3 套）
Part IWriting(30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a visit to a Hope elementary school organized by your Student Union. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Part IIListening Comprehension(25分钟)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
1. What accounts most for the huge declines in tourism in France?
A) Heavy floods.
B) Safety concerns.
C) Bad economy.
D) Workers' strikes.
2. What do we learn from the report about tourism in France?
A) It is competitive with its numerous tourist destinations.
B) It provides many job opportunities for French people.
C) It is the biggest concern of the French government.
D) It plays an important role in the nation's economy.
3. What was the small plane's mission to Antarctica?
A) To carry out a scientific survey.
B) To establish a new research station.
C) To rescue two sick American workers.
D) To deliver urgent medical supplies.
4. What makes flying to Antarctica dangerous from February to October?
A) The darkness and cold.
B) The heavy snow and fog.
C) The biting winds.
D) The ice all around.
5. How did Rick Rahim remove his son's loose tooth?
A) By tying it to a door handle.
B) By shaking it back and forth.
C) With a remote control craft.
D) With a full-sized helicopter.
6. What does the news report say about Rick Rahim?
A) He has lots of fans on Facebook.
B) He has rich experience in flying.
C) He often suffers from toothaches.
D) He has learned to pull teeth from a video.
7. What did Rick Rahim advise parents to do with their kids?
A) Spend more time together.
B) Tell them adventure stories.
C) Do something fun and creative.
D) Play with them in a safe place.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
8. Why is the man making the phone call?
A) To confirm an urgent appointment.
B) To collect a package from the woman.
C) To ask the woman to sign a document.
D) To arrange the delivery of a package.
9. Why can't the woman meet the man today?
A) She is doing shopping.
B) She is visiting a friend.
C) She is not at home.
D) She is not feeling well.
10. Why is the man unable to see the woman tomorrow?
A) He will be off duty the whole day.
B) He will be working somewhere else.
C) He will have to have his car repaired.
D) He will be too busy to spare any time.
11. What should the woman do to receive her purchase?
A) Sign her name.
B) Confirm online.
C) Pay a small fee.
D) Show up in person.
12. What is the woman going to do?
A) Vacation in Italy.
B) Study abroad.
C) Throw a farewell party.
D) Go to a fashion show in Milan.
13. How does the woman feel at the moment?
A) Quite sleepy.
B) Very excited.
C) Rather depressed.
D) Nearly exhausted.
14. Why can't the man meet the woman now?
A) He has to attend a party.
B) He has to meet a friend.
C) He has to make a presentation.
D) He has to finish an assignment.
15. What will the man possibly do on Saturday?
A) Say goodbye to the woman at the airport.
B) Meet the woman at the Black Cat Cafe.
C) Drive the Woman to the airport.
D) Have lunch with the woman.
Section C
Directions: In this section you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
16. What does the speaker say about Mount Etna?
A) It has kept growing over the centuries.
B) Its top is hidden in clouds of volcanic smoke.
C) Its height changes with each volcanic eruption.
D) It has a recorded history of 1500 years.
17. What do we learn about the lower slopes of Mount Etna?
A) They are now a tourist destination.
B) They attract a lot of migrating birds.
C) They provide shelter for the farmers.
D) They make good fields for farming.
18. What does the speaker say about big birds like golden eagles at Mount Etna?
A) They nest on the volcano's slopes.
B) They feed on certain small mammals.
C) They compete with each other for food.
D) They match large mammals in strength.
unknown
Part IIIReading Comprehension(40分钟)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions __26__ to __35__ are based on the following passage.
Ships are often sunk in order to create underwater reefs (暗礁) perfect for scuba diving (水肺式潜泳)
and preserving marine __26__ Turkish authorities have just sunk
something a little different
than a ship, and it wouldn't normally ever touch water, an Airbus A300. The hollowed-out A300
was __27__ of everything potentially harmful to the environment and sunk
off the Aegean coast today.
Not only will the sunken plane __28__ the perfect skeleton for artificial
reef growth, but authorities
hope this new underwater attraction will bring tourists to the area.
The plane __29__ a total length of 54 meters, where experienced scuba
divers will __30__ be able to
venture through the cabin and around the plane's __31__. Aydin
Municipality bought the plane from
a private company for just under US$100,000, but they hope to see a return on that __32__ through the
tourism industry. Tourism throughout Turkey is expected to fall this year as the country has been
the __33__ of several deadly terrorist attacks. As far as sunken planes
go, this Airbus A300 is the
largest __34__ sunk aircraft ever.
Taking a trip underwater and __35__ the inside of a sunken A300 would be
quite an adventure,
and that is exactly what Turkish authorities are hoping this attraction will make people think.
Drawing in adventure seekers and experienced divers, this new artificial Airbus reef will be a
scuba diver's paradise (天堂).
A) createB) depressedC) eventuallyD) experiencesE) exploringF) exteriorG) habitatsH) innovateI) intentionallyJ) investmentK) revealingL) stretchesM) strippedN) territoryO) victim
Section B
Directions: In this section. you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Make Stuff, Fail, And Learn While You're At It
A) We've always been a hands-on, do-it-yourself kind of nation. Ben Franklin, one of America's founding fathers, didn't just invent the lightning rod. His creations include glasses, innovative stoves and more.
B) Franklin, who was largely self-taught, may have been a genius, but he wasn't really an exception when it comes to American making and creativity.
C) The personal computing revolution and philosophy of disruptive innovation of Silicon Valley grew, in part, out of the creations of the Homebrew Computer Club, which was founded in a garage in Menlo Park, California, in the mid-1970s. Members — including guys named Jobs and Wozniak — started making and inventing things they couldn't buy.
D) So it's no surprise that the Maker Movement today is thriving in communities and some schools across America. Making is available to ordinary people who aren't tied to big companies, big defense labs or research universities. The maker philosophy echoes old ideas advocated by John Dewey, Montessori, and even ancient Greek philosophers, as we pointed out recently.
E) These maker spaces are often outside of classrooms, and are serving an important educational function. The Maker Movement is rediscovering learning by doing, which is Dewey's phrase from 100 years ago. We are rediscovering Dewey and Montessori and a lot of the practices that they pioneered that have been forgotten or at least put aside. A maker space is a place which can be in a school, but it doesn't look like a classroom. It can be in a library. It can be out in the community. It has tools and materials. It's a place where you get to make things based on your interest and on what you're learning to do.
F) Ideas about learning by doing have struggled to become mainstream educationally, despite being old concepts from Dewey and Montessori, Plato and Aristotle, and in the American Context, Ralph Emerson, on the value of experience and self-reliance. It's not necessarily an efficient way to learn. We learn, in a sense, by trial and error. Learning from experience is something that takes time and patience. It's very individualized. If your goal is to have standardized approaches to learning, where everybody learns the same thing at the same time in the same way, then learning by doing doesn't really fit that mold any more. It's not the world of textbooks. It's not the world of testing.
G) Learning by doing may not be efficient, but it is effective. Project-based learning has grown in popularity with teachers and administrators. However, project-based learning is not making. Although there is a connection, there is also a distinction. The difference lies in whether the project is in a sense defined and developed by the student or whether it's assigned by a teacher. We'll all get the kids to build a small boat. We are all going to learn about X, Y, and Z. That tends to be one form of project-based learning.
H) I really believe the core idea of making is to have an idea within your head — or you just borrow it from someone — and begin to develop it, repeat it and improve it. Then, realize that idea somehow. That thing that you make is valuable to you and you can share it with others. I'm interested in how these things are expressions of that person, their ideas, and their interactions with the world.
I) In some ways, a lot of forms of making in school trivialize (使变得无足轻重) making. The thing that you make has no value to you. Once you are done demonstrating whatever concept was in the textbook, you throw away the pipe cleaners, the cardboard tubes.
J) Making should be student-directed and student-led, otherwise it's boring. It doesn't have the motivation of the student. I'm not saying that students should not learn concepts or not learn skills. They do. But to really harness their motivation is to build upon their interest. It's to let them be in control and to drive the car.
K) Teachers should aim to build a supportive, creative environment for students to do this work. A very social environment, where they are learning from each other. When they have a problem, it isn't the teacher necessarily coming in to solve it. They are responsible for working through that problem. It might be that they have to talk to other students in the class to help get an answer.
L) The teacher's role is more of a coach or observer. Sometimes, to people, it sounds like this is a diminished rote for teachers. I think it's a heightened role. You're creating this environment, like a maker space. You have 20 kids doing different things. You are watching them and really it's the human behaviors you're looking at. Are they engaged? Are they developing and repeating their project? Are they stumbling (受挫)? Do they need something that they don't have? Can you help them be aware of where they are?
M) My belief is that the goal of making is not to get every kid to be hands-on, but it enable us to be good learners. It's not the knowledge that is valuable, It's the practice of learning new things and understanding how things work. These are processes that you are developing so that you are able, over time, to tackle more interesting problems, more challenging problems—problems that require many people instead of one person, and many skills instead of one.
N) If teachers keep it form-free and student-led, it can still be tied to a curriculum and an educational plan. I think a maker space is more like a library in that there are multiple subjects and multiple things that you can learn. What seems to be missing in school is how these subjects integrate, how they fit together in any meaningful way. Rather than saying, 'This is science, over here is history,' I see schools taking this idea of projects and looking at: How do they support children in higher level learning?
O) I feel like this is a shift away from a subject matter-based curriculum to a more experiential curriculum or learning. It's still in its early stages, but I think it's shifting around not what kids learn but how they learn.
36. A maker space is where people make things according to their personal interests. ______
37. The teachers' role is enhanced in a maker space as they have to monitor and facilitate during the process. ______
38. Coming up with an idea of one's own or improving one from others is key to the concept of making. ______
39. Contrary to structured learning, learning by doing is highly individualized. ______
40. America is a nation known for the idea of making things by oneself. ______
41. Making will be boring unless students are able to take charge. ______
42. Making can be related to a project, but it is created and carried out by students themselves. ______
43. The author suggests incorporating the idea of a maker space into a school curriculum. ______
44. The maker concept is a modern version of some ancient philosophical ideas. ______
45. Making is not taken seriously in school when students are asked to make something meaningless to them based on textbooks. ______
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Most kids grow up learning they cannot draw on the walls. But it might be time to unlearn
that training—this summer, a group of culture addicts, artists and community organizers are inviting
New Yorkers to write all over the walls of an old house on Governor's Island.
The project is called Writing On It All, and it's a participatory writing project and artistic
experiment that has happened on Governor's Island every summer since 2013.
"Most of the participants are people who are just walking by or are on the island for other
reasons, or they just kind of happen to be there," Alexandra Chasin, artistic director of Writing On
It All, tells Smithsonian.com.
The 2016 season runs through June 26 and features sessions facilitated by everyone from
dancers to domestic workers. Each session has a theme, and participants are given a variety of
materials and prompts and asked to cover surfaces with their thoughts and art. This year, the
programs range from one that turns the house into a collaborative essay to one that explores the
meaning of exile.
Governor's Island is a national historic landmark district long used for military purposes.
Now known as "New York's shared space for art and play," the island, which lies between
Manhattan and Brooklyn in Upper New York Bay, is closed to cars but open to summer tourists
who flock for festivals, picnics, adventures, as well as these "legal graffiti (涂鸦)" Sessions.
The notes and art scribbled (涂画) on the walls are an experiment in self-expression. So far,
participants have ranged in age from 2 to 85. Though Chasin says the focus of the work is on the
activity of writing, rather than the text that ends up getting written, some of the work that comes
out of the sessions has stuck with her.
"One of the sessions that moved me the most was state violence on black women and black
girls," says Chasin, explaining that in one room, people wrote down the names of those killed
because of it. "People do beautiful work and leave beautiful messages."
46. What does the project Writing On It All invite people to do?
A) Unlearn their training in drawing.
B) Participate in a state graffiti show.
C) Cover the walls of an old house with graffiti.
D) Exhibit their artistic creations in an old house.
47. What do we learn about the participants in the project?
A) They are just culture addicts.
B) They are graffiti enthusiasts.
C) They are writers and artists.
D) They are mostly passers-by.
48. What did the project participants do during the 2016 season?
A) They were free to scribble on the walls whatever came to their mind.
B) They expressed their thoughts in graffiti on the theme of each session.
C) They learned the techniques of collaborative writing.
D) They were required to cooperate with other creators.
49. What kind of place is Governor's Island?
A) It is a historic site that attracts tourists and artists.
B) It is an area now accessible only to tourist vehicles.
C) It is a place in Upper New York Bay formerly used for exiles.
D) It is an open area for tourists to enjoy themselves year round.
50. What does Chasin say about the project?
A) It just focused on the sufferings of black females.
B) It helped expand the influence of graffiti art.
C) It has started the career of many creative artists.
D) It has created some meaningful artistic works.
Passage Two
Online programs to fight depression are already commercially available. While they sound
efficient and cost-saving, a recent study reports that they are not effective, primarily because
depressed patients are not likely to engage with them or stick with them.
The study looked at computer-assisted cognitive (认知的) behavioral therapy(CBT) and
found that it was no more effective in treating depression than the usual care patients receive from
a primary care doctor.
Traditional CBT is considered an effective form of talk therapy for depression, helping
people challenge negative thoughts and change the way they think in order to change their mood
and behaviors. However, online CBT programs have been gaining popularity, with the attraction
of providing low-cost help wherever someone has access to a computer.
A team of researchers from the University of York conducted a randomized (随机的) control
trial with 691 depressed patients from 83 physician practices across England. The patients were
split into three groups: one group received only usual care from a physician while the other two
groups received usual care from a physician plus one of two computerized CBT programs.
Participants were balanced across the three groups for age, sex, educational background, severity
and duration of depression, and use of antidepressants (抗抑郁药).
After four months, the patients using the computerized CBT programs had no improvement
in depression levels over the patients who were only getting usual care from their doctors.
"It's an important, cautionary note that we shouldn't get too carried away with the idea that a
computer system can replace doctors and therapists," says Christopher Dowrick, a professor of
primary medical care at the University of Liverpool. "We do still need the human touch or the
human interaction, particularly when people are depressed."
Being depressed can mean feeling "lost in your own small, negative, dark world," Dowrick
says. Having a person, instead of a computer, reach out to you is particularly important in
combating that sense of isolation. "When you're emotionally vulnerable, you're even more in
need of a caring human being," he says.
51. What does the recent study say about online CBT programs?
A) Patients may not be able to carry them through for effective cure.
B) Patients cannot engage with them without the use of a computer.
C) They can save patients trouble visiting physicians.
D) They have been well received by a lot of patients.
52. What has made online CBT programs increasingly popular?
A) Their effectiveness in combating depression.
B) The low efficiency of traditional talk therapy.
C) Their easy and inexpensive access by patients.
D) The recommendation by primary care doctors.
53. What is the major finding by researchers at the University of York?
A) Online CBT programs are no more effective than regular care from physicians.
B) The process of treating depression is often more complicated than anticipated.
C) The combination of traditional CBT and computerized CBT is most effective.
D) Depression is a mental condition which is to be treated with extreme caution.
54. What is Professor Dowrick's advice concerning online CBT programs?
A) They should not be neglected in primary care.
B) Their effectiveness should not be overestimated.
C) They should be used by strictly following instructions.
D) Their use should be encouraged by doctors and therapists.
55. What is more important to an emotionally vulnerable person?
A) A positive state of mind.
B) Appropriate medication.
C) Timely encouragement.
D) Human interaction.
Part IVTranslation(30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
剪纸是中国民间艺术的一种独特形式，已有 2000 多年历史。剪纸很可能源于汉代，继纸张发明之后。从此，它在中国的许多地方得到了普及。剪纸用的材料和工具很简单：纸和剪刀。剪纸作品通常是用红纸做成的，因为红色在中国传统文化中与幸福相联。因此，在婚礼、春节等喜庆场合，红颜色的剪纸是门窗装饰的首选。