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2024年06月大学英语四级真题（第1套）
做题背题

2024年6月英语四级真题答案（第1套）

Part IWriting(30 minutes)
材料

Directions: Suppose your university is seeking students' opinions on whether university libraries should be open to the public. You are now to write an essay to express your view. You will have 30 minutes for the task. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

作答
参考范文
The question of whether university libraries should be open to the public has sparked heated discussions. From my perspective, while there are benefits to opening these libraries, potential drawbacks should not be overlooked. Firstly, opening university libraries to the public can promote knowledge dissemination and community engagement. It allows individuals from all walks of life to access academic resources, fostering a culture of lifelong learning. Moreover, it can enhance the reputation of the university by showcasing its commitment to public service. However, there are concerns that need to be addressed. The influx of external users might lead to overcrowding, which could disrupt the study environment for students. Additionally, there is a risk of mismanagement of resources if the library's primary users, the students and faculty, are not prioritized. In conclusion, while the idea of opening university libraries to the public is commendable, it is crucial to strike a balance between public access and maintaining the library's core function as an academic resource.
Part IIListening(25分钟)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
听力音频
1. Why did the six residents have to find another place to stay?
✗ 未作答
2. What does the news report say the Norwalk Fire Marshal is doing?
✗ 未作答
听力音频
3. What have a number of past studies found about season of birth?
✗ 未作答
4. What did the new study find about the relationship between participants' month of birth and symptoms of depression?
✗ 未作答
听力音频
5. What do the researchers' tests show about the cloned dog?
✗ 未作答
6. What is the scientists' purpose in cloning police dogs?
✗ 未作答
7. Why does the news report say the scientists' goal is not yet possible?
✗ 未作答

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
听力音频
8. How did the man get to know about the book The Three-Body Problem?
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9. What does the woman say she can't remember about the book's author?
✗ 未作答
10. What does the man have to do to finish his thesis?
✗ 未作答
11. What will the man most probably do first after the conversation?
✗ 未作答
听力音频
12. Why does the woman call the man?
✗ 未作答
13. What is the man still looking for?
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14. What does the man say they are getting close to?
✗ 未作答
15. What does the man finally ask the woman to remember?
✗ 未作答

Section C

Directions: In this section you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
听力音频
16. Why has wild camping become popular in the UK?
✗ 未作答
17. Why is camping banned for part of the summer in public parks?
✗ 未作答
18. What does the speaker suggest campers do?
✗ 未作答
听力音频
19. What does the passage say about pink dolphins?
✗ 未作答
20. What is the unusual coloring of pink dolphins believed to originate in?
✗ 未作答
21. What has become of the Amazon wetland system since 2018?
✗ 未作答
听力音频
22. What do we learn from a new survey by Merrill Lynch, Age Wave?
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23. Why did most young adults in the survey say financial support to children aged 25 to 34 is a bad thing?
✗ 未作答
24. What did the respondents in the survey say regarding financial independence?
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25. What is one big reason young adults are struggling? That's the end of Listening Comprehension.
✗ 未作答
Part IIIReading Comprehension(40分钟)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

原文

It's well known that physical exercise is beneficial not just to physical health but also to mental health. Yet whereas most countries have , evidence-backed guidelines on the type and intensity of exercise for various physical health benefits, such guidelines do not yet exist for exercise and mood.

This is due to a lack of necessary evidence. However, a new systematic review brings us usefully up-to-date on the current findings in this area.

Before into some of the key take-aways, an important made in the review is between aerobic exercise and anaerobic. The former such things as walking, jogging and cycling and means exercising in such a way that your body is able to use oxygen to burn fat for energy. In contrast, anaerobic exercise—such as lifting heavy weights—is of such intensity that your body does not have time to use oxygen to create energy and so instead it breaks down glucose (葡萄糖) in your blood or muscles.

Beginning first with the influence of exercise intensity on the mood benefits of aerobic exercise, the researchers, led by John Chan at Shenzhen University, found results from 19 relevant studies. Some favoured higher intensity, others low, while seven studies found that intensity made no to mood benefits.

In relation to the intensity of anaerobic exercise, however, the results were far clearer— the optimum (最佳选择) for improving mood is intensity, perhaps because low intensity is too dull while high intensity is too unpleasant.

题目
Word Bank
A) constitutesB) contradictoryC) decisionD) detailedE) differenceF) dippingG) distinctionH) fallingI) involvesJ) moderateK) notifiedL) partlyM) requiredN) traditionallyO) vigorous
答案与解析
26. 未作答
正确答案: D
27. 未作答
正确答案: M
28. 未作答
正确答案: L
29. 未作答
正确答案: F
30. 未作答
正确答案: G
31. 未作答
正确答案: I
32. 未作答
正确答案: O
33. 未作答
正确答案: B
34. 未作答
正确答案: E
35. 未作答
正确答案: J

Section B

Directions: In this section. you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

原文

Why Do Americans Work So Much?

A) How will we all keep busy when we only have to work 15 hours a week? That was the question that worried the British economist John Maynard Keynes when he wrote his short essay "Economic Possibilities for Our Grandchildren" in 1930. Over the next century, he predicted, the economy would become so productive that people would barely need to work at all. For a while, it looked like Keynes was right. In 1930 the average working week was 47 hours in the United States. But by 1970, the number of hours Americans worked on average had fallen to slightly less than 39.
B) But then something changed. Instead of continuing to decline, the duration of the working week remained stable. It has stayed at just below 40 hours for nearly five decades. So what happened? Why are people working just as much today as in 1970?
C) There would be no mystery in this if Keynes had been wrong about the power of technology to increase the economy's productivity, which he thought would lead to a standard of living "between four and eight times as high as it is today." But Keynes got that right: Technology has made the economy massively more productive. According to Benjamin M. Friedman, an economist at Harvard, the U.S. economy is right on track to reach Keynes's eight-fold (八倍) multiple by 2029. That is a century after the last data Keynes would have had access to.
D) In a new paper, Friedman tries to figure out why that increased productivity has not translated into increased leisure time. Perhaps people just never feel materially satisfied, always wanting more money to buy the next new thing. This is a theory that appeals to many economists. "This argument is, at best, far from sufficient," he writes. If that were the case, why did the duration of the working week decline in the first place?
E) Another theory Friedman considers is that, in an era of ever fewer settings that provide effective opportunities for personal connections and relationships, people may place more value on the socializing that happens at work. There is support for this theory. Many people today consider colleagues as friends. But Friedman argues that the evidence for this theory is far from conclusive. Many workers report that they would like to spend more time with family, rather than at work. Furthermore, this theory cannot explain the change in trend in the U.S. working week in the 1970s.
F) A third possibility proves more convincing for Friedman. That is: American inequality means that the gains of increasing productivity are not widely shared by everyone. In other words, most Americans are too poor to work less. Unlike the other two explanations Friedman considers, this one fits chronologically (按年代). Inequality declined in America during the period following World War II, along with the duration of the working week. But since the early 1970s it has risen dramatically.
G) Keynes's prediction of a shorter working week rests on the idea that the standard of living would continue rising for everyone. But Friedman says that this is not what has happened. Although Keynes's eight-fold figure holds up for the economy as a whole, it is not at all the case for the median (中位数的) American worker. For them, output by 2029 is likely to be around 3.5 times what it was when Keynes was writing. This is a bit below his four- to eight-fold predicted range.
H) This can be seen in the median worker's income over this time period, complete with a shift in 1973 that fits in precisely with when the working week stopped shrinking. According to Friedman, between 1947 and 1973 the average hourly wage for normal workers (those who were not in management roles) in private industries other than agriculture nearly doubled in terms of what their money could buy. But by 2013 the average hourly wage for ordinary workers had fallen 5 percent from the 1973 level in terms of actual purchasing power. Thus, though American incomes may have gone up since 1973, the amount that American workers can actually buy with their money has gone down. For most Americans, then, the magic of increasing productivity stopped working around 1973. Thus, they had to keep working just as much in order to maintain their standard of living.
I) What Keynes predicted was a very optimistic version of what economists call technological unemployment. This is the idea that less labor will be necessary because machines can do so much. In Keynes's vision, the resulting unemployment would be distributed more or less evenly across society in the form of increased leisure. But Friedman says that, for Americans, reality is much darker. Americans now have a labor market in which millions of people—those with fewer skills and less education—are seeking whatever poorly paid work they can get. This is confirmed by a recent poll that found that, for half of hourly workers, their top concern is not that they work too much but that they work too little. This is most likely not because they like their jobs so much. Rather, we can assume it is because they need the money.
J) This explanation leaves an important question. If the very rich—the workers who have reaped above-average gains from the increased productivity since Keynes's time—can afford to work less, why do they continue to work so much? (Indeed, research has shown that the highest earners in America tend to work the most.) Friedman believes that for many top earners, work is a labor of love. They are doing work they care about and are interested in, and doing more of it is not necessarily a burden. For them, it may even be a pleasure. These top earners derive meaning from their jobs and work is an important part of how they think of themselves. And, of course, they are compensated for it at a level that makes it worth their while.
K) Friedman concludes that the prosperity (繁荣) Keynes predicted is here. After all, the economy as a whole has grown even more brilliantly than he expected. But for most Americans, that prosperity is nowhere to be seen. And, as a result, neither are those shorter working weeks.
题目
Match the statements with the paragraphs
36.Some people view socializing at the workplace as a chance to develop personal relationships.
未作答
正确答案: E
37.As ordinary American workers' average hourly pay had decreased despite increasing productivity, they had to work just as many hours as before to keep their living standards.
未作答
正确答案: H
38.American workers' average weekly working time has not changed for nearly half a century.
未作答
正确答案: B
39.Friedman believes inequality in the U.S. largely explains why increasing productivity has not resulted in reduced working hours.
未作答
正确答案: F
40.Many economists assume people's thirst for material things has prevented them from enjoying more leisure time.
未作答
正确答案: D
41.An economist's prediction about a shorter average working week seemed to be correct for a time in the 20th century.
未作答
正确答案: A
42.In the U.S. labor market, the primary concern of people with less schooling and fewer skills is to secure any employment even if it is low-paid.
未作答
正确答案: I
43.Keynes was right in predicting that technology would make the economy much more productive.
未作答
正确答案: C
44.Many of the highest earners have a keen interest in and love for what they are doing.
未作答
正确答案: J
45.According to Keynes, there would be a shorter working week with everyone's standard of living continuing to rise.
未作答
正确答案: G

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

原文

Lao Zi once said, "Care about what other people think and you will always be their prisoner."

People-pleasing, or seeking self-worth through others' approval, is unproductive and an exhausting way to go through life. Why do we allow what others think of us to have so much power over how we feel about ourselves? If it's true that you can't please all people all of the time, wouldn't it make sense to stop trying?

Unfortunately, sense often isn't driving our behavior. For social beings who desire love and belonging, wanting to be liked, and caring about the effect we have on others, is healthy and allows us to make connections. However, where we get into trouble is when our self-worth is dependent upon whether we win someone's approval or not.

This need to be liked can be traced back to when we were children and were completely dependent on others to take care of us: Small children are not just learning how to walk and communicate, they are also trying to learn how the world works. We learn about who we are and what is expected of us based on interactions with others, so, to a four-year-old, if Mommy or Daddy doesn't like him or her, there is the danger that they will abandon them. We need to understand that when we desperately want someone to approve of us, it's being driven by that little kid part of us that is still terrified of abandonment.

As you become more capable of providing yourself with the approval you seek, your need for external validation will start to vanish, leaving you stronger, more confident, and yes, happier in your life. Imagine how much time we lose each moment we restrain our authentic selves in an effort to be liked.

If we base our worth on the opinions of others, we cheat ourselves of the power to shape our experiences and embrace life not only for others but also for ourselves, because ultimately, there is no difference. So embrace the cliché (老话) and love yourself as it's highly doubtful that you'll regret it.

题目
46. What can we conclude from Lao Zi's quotation?
✗ 未作答
47. What will happen if we base our self-worth on other people's approval?
✗ 未作答
48. What may account for our need to be liked or approved of?
✗ 未作答
49. What can we do when we become better able to provide ourselves with the desired approval?
✗ 未作答
50. What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph?
✗ 未作答

Passage Two

原文

Some people have said aging is more a slide into forgetfulness than a journey towards wisdom. However, a growing body of research suggests that late-in-life learning is possible. In reality, education does an aging brain good.

Throughout life, people's brains constantly renovate themselves. In the late 1960s, British brain scientist Geoffrey Raisman spied growth in damaged brain regions of rats through an electron microscope; their brains were forging new connections. This meant brains may change every time a person learns something new.

Of course, that doesn't mean the brain isn't affected by the effects of time. Just as height usually declines over the years, so does brain volume: Humans lose about 4 percent every decade starting in their 40s. But that reduction doesn't necessarily make people think slower; as long as we are alive and functioning, we can alter our brains with new information and experiences.

In fact, scientists now suspect accumulating novel experiences, facts, and skills can keep people's minds more flexible. New pathways can strengthen our ever-changing mental structure, even as the brain shrinks.

Conventional fixes like word puzzles and brain-training apps can contribute to mental durability. Even something as simple as taking a different route to the grocery store or going somewhere new on vacation can keep the brain healthy.

A desire for new life challenges can further boost brainpower. Research about aging adults who take on new enterprises shows improved function and memory as well as a reduced risk of mental disease. Openness—a characteristic defined by curiosity and a desire for knowledge—may also help folks pass brain tests. Some folks are born with this take-in-the- world attitude, but those who aren't as genetically gifted aren't necessarily out of luck. While genes can encourage an interest in doing new things, a 2012 study in the journal Psychology and Aging found completing reasoning tasks like puzzles and number games can enhance that desire for novel experiences, which can, in turn, refresh the brain. That's why brain scientist Richard Kennedy says "It's not that old dogs can't learn new tricks. It's that maybe old dogs don't realize why they should. "

题目
51. What do some people think of aging adults?
✗ 未作答
52. What can we conclude from Geoffrey Raisman's finding?
✗ 未作答
53. What is one thing that helps maintain the health of our brain even as it shrinks?
✗ 未作答
54. What does the author say can contribute to the improvement of brain function?
✗ 未作答
55. What is the finding of the 2012 study in the journal Psychology and Aging?
✗ 未作答
Part IVTranslation(30 minutes)
材料

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

四合院(siheyuan)是中国一种传统的住宅建筑，其特点是房屋建造在一个院子的四周，将院子合围在中间。四合院通常冬暖夏凉，环境舒适，尤其适合大家庭居住。四合院在中国各地有多种类型，其中以北京的四合院最为典型。如今，随着现代城市的发展，传统的四合院已逐渐减少，但因其独特的建筑风格，四合院对中国文化的传承和中国历史的研究具有重要意义。
作答
参考译文
The Siheyuan, a traditional form of residential architecture in China, is characterized by houses built around a central courtyard, enclosing the yard. It typically stays warm in winter and cool in summer, providing a comfortable environment, especially suitable for large families. Siheyuan varies in types across China, with the ones in Beijing being the most typical. Nowadays, with the development of modern cities, the number of traditional Siheyuan homes has gradually decreased, but due to its unique architectural style, it holds significant importance for the inheritance of Chinese culture and the study of Chinese history.

本页为2024年6月英语四级真题（第1套）答案，支持隐藏答案自查。

写作题目：Express views on whether university libraries should be open to the public

翻译题干节选：四合院(siheyuan)是中国一种传统的住宅建筑，其特点是房屋建造在一个院子的四周，将院子合围在中间。四合院通常冬暖夏凉，环境舒适，尤其适合大家庭居住。四合院…