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2024年12月大学英语四级真题（第2套）
做题背题

2024年12月英语四级真题答案（第2套）

Part IWriting(30 minutes)
材料

Directions: Suppose the university newspaper is inviting submissions from students for an essay. You will have 30 minutes to write the essay. You should write an edition on how the students can contribute to a green campus. You are not to write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

作答
参考范文
In the face of environmental challenges, universities are increasingly becoming epicenters of green initiatives. As students, we have a pivotal role to play in fostering a sustainable campus environment. Firstly, we can reduce our carbon footprint by opting for public transportation, cycling, or walking instead of driving. Additionally, participating in recycling programs and minimizing the use of single-use plastics can significantly decrease waste. Moreover, organizing and joining campus clean-up events not only beautifies the surroundings but also raises environmental awareness. We can also remind classmates to switch off lights and save water. Lastly, advocating for green practices through student-led initiatives can influence the university's policies and encourage a culture of sustainability. In conclusion, every student's effort, no matter how small, contributes to a greener campus and a healthier planet.
Part IIListening(25分钟)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
听力音频
1. Why are families across the US looking to this winter with fear?
✗ 未作答
2. What did the federal government do last month?
✗ 未作答
听力音频
3. What is the main finding of a new study about many Americans?
✗ 未作答
4. Who tended to rate their diet more accurately in the survey?
✗ 未作答
听力音频
5. What does the report say dozens of Indians did last week?
✗ 未作答
6. Why did the army officers call the local forest department?
✗ 未作答
7. What does the news report say happened finally?
✗ 未作答

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
听力音频
8. Why has the man stopped paying online for the last three months?
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9. What problem does the woman say she may also have?
✗ 未作答
10. What does the man say he could do at the canteen?
✗ 未作答
11. What is now just a habit for the man?
✗ 未作答
听力音频
12. Why is the woman opposed to their son joining a sport like soccer?
✗ 未作答
13. What does the man suggest their son try in order to understand team spirit?
✗ 未作答
14. What is one of the woman's considerations in choosing a sport for her son?
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15. What does the man say about beach volleyball?
✗ 未作答

Section C

Directions: In this section you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
听力音频
16. What do we learn from the passage about the liftoff of spacecraft?
✗ 未作答
17. What happens traditionally to boosters, fuel tanks and other components in spaceflight?
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18. What does the passage say we already have regarding spaceflight?
✗ 未作答
听力音频
19. What does research show about reading to a loyal and non-judgmental companion?
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20. How can parents make pets a fantastic subject for their children's research and learning?
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21. How can children still benefit even when their family doesn't have a pet?
✗ 未作答
听力音频
22. What would the new bill in the Ohio legislature require public colleges and universities to do?
✗ 未作答
23. What can the state only do, according to Adam Matthews?
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24. What do we learn about Ohio's schools from the passage?
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25. What is the problem with schools providing information on their websites? That's the end of Listening Comprehension.
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Part IIIReading Comprehension(40分钟)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

原文

When Toni Morrison died in 2019, the world lost one of its most influential authors. But Morrison was not an early success. Her first novel was not published until she was 39, and her last appeared when she was 84. And Morrison was not in this regard. Numerous writers produce masterpieces well into their 70s and beyond. Such accomplishments highlight an important point. Our capacity to speak, write and learn new vocabulary does not seem to with age. Our eyesight may dim and our recall may weaken, but, by comparison, our ability to produce and to language is well preserved into older adulthood.

Indeed, the latest research that has emerged on language and aging shows that language mastery is a that we begin as infants and continue on for the rest of our lives. Some aspects of our language abilities, such as our knowledge of word meanings, improve during middle and late adulthood. One study, for example, found that adults over sixty had an average vocabulary size of over 21,000 words. The researchers also studied a of college students and found that their average vocabulary contained 16,000 words. In another study, older adults, with an average age of 75, better than participants in their youth or middle years on tasks that required them to determine the meaning of words. Thus, language seems to be a skill that, contrary to what many might , does not weaken with age.

题目
Word Bank
A) actuallyB) approximatelyC) assumeD) componentE) comprehendF) deteriorateG) equivalentH) journeyI) literaryJ) performedK) rarelyL) sampleM) underminedN) uniqueO) unit
答案与解析
26. 未作答
正确答案: N
27. 未作答
正确答案: I
28. 未作答
正确答案: F
29. 未作答
正确答案: E
30. 未作答
正确答案: H
31. 未作答
正确答案: A
32. 未作答
正确答案: L
33. 未作答
正确答案: B
34. 未作答
正确答案: J
35. 未作答
正确答案: C

Section B

Directions: In this section. you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

原文

Why it's wrong to look at work-life balance as an achievement

A) Few topics have been so endlessly analysed as work-life balance The quest to attain this mysterious state has dominated discussion around careers for years-especially for working parents. The concept is often presented as something to achieve, or a goal to reach. And once you've reached it, congratulations: you've made it, you're a successful human being of the 21st century.
B) But the problem is that we often tell ourselves I'm going to put in eight hours' worth of work, and then I'm going to put in eight hours' worth of 'me time', which will include my family, my hobbies, my workout, my everything," says Anat Lechner, clinical associate professor of management at New York University. "I don't think it's such a simple formula.
C) And, according to new findings, it may not be. Some researchers are now encouraging us to stop thinking about work-life balance as an achievement that you either hit or don't, Instead, they suggest it may be more of a lifelong process a continuous, never ending exercise that requires self-awareness and timely adjustments, Researchers Doana Lup and Mayra Ruiz-Casto argue that work-life balance is "a cycle, not an achievement". In their 2020 study, the researchers interviewed nearly 80 employees at two London-based firms-an equal number of men and women between the ages of 30 and 50, all with at least one dependent child-who worked in middle or senior management roles.
D) Although it sounds like the respondents had a lot in common, here's what separated them: about 30% of the men and 50% of the women reported resisting working long hours. The other respondents, meanwhile, all worked long hours because they thought that's what successful professionals should do.
E) Lupu and Ruiz-Castro looked at those who rejected the long hours and they found that those workers actually had strikingly similar strategies for maintaining their work life balance. They had a tendency to reflect and question assumptions in the name of self awareness and regularly took steps to adjust the things standing in their way to work -life balance.
F) Lupu and Ruiz-Cato identified five steps that the respondents in the study who had better work-life balance used in their jobs. First, they paused and reconsidered beliefs such as "I'm a professional, so I should work, work, work", and asked themselves questions like, "What's currently causing me stress?" Second, after identifying the cause, they zeroed in on their resultant emotions. Did they feel angry, sad, energised? Third, they reprioritised, asking " Is working long hours really worth cutting back on family time?", for example. Fourth, they considered their alternatives: is there anything at work that could be changed to accommodate these new priorities? And finally, they implemented changes, like asking their supervisor for greater flexibility, or deciding not to take on every project that comes their way.
G) This five step process is something anyone can adopt. Going through the steps, and constantly checking in with yourself, can help you shift and adapt your professional life to something that will better harmonise with your personal one. "An awareness of your emotional state is essential in order to determine the changes you want to make in your work and in your life," says Lupu.
H) New York University's Lechner agrees that finding that balance is an ongoing pursuit. It's not simply about dividing up the hours in your day between work, the gym, kids and chores. If the underlying emotional sources of stress are still there, then the time you actually spend at home may not be enjoyable. "We come home and even though physically we are there, mentally we may still be processing things that happened at work. We're not present," she says. What we call "work-life balance" is actually just a substitute to having a sense of fulfillment and contentment.
I) Of course, finding that balance probably shouldn't be something you have to do by yourself. Research by Erin Kelly, professor of work and organisation studies at MIT, shows companies and managers can play a key role in creating a better environment for workers. For her book Overload: How Good Jobs Went Bad and What to Do About It, she and co-author Phyllis Moen split more than 1,000 employees at a Fortune 500 company into two groups, one that worked under a management redesign and one that continued working within the existing management structure.
J) Under the management redesign, many steps were taken to ensure better work-life balance and prevent burnout(精疲力竭), Managers were regularly reminded to explicitly support their employees, Workers were allowed to make changes, like canceling am meetings. All of this was done in the name of increasing job satisfaction and giving workers more flexibility, and to show workers that it was something management was committed to, Unsurprisingly, Kelly and Moen found that employees in the redesign group reported less stress and less burnout: they were less likely to quit their jobs, indeed, over the next four years, they were 40% less likely to quit than those who kept working under the old policies.
K) "Work-life balance is understood to be an individual's response, so people think 'it's up to me to manage the craziness of my work life'," says Kelly, But organisations need to examine the demands they're placing on employees. "The root problem is not how the two pieces of work and life come together. It's that we have unrealistic expectations of what we're asked to do on the work side." If your workplace isn't an environment where work-life balance is possible in the first place, any effort you attempt to make toward it on a personal level will be in vain.
L) That's a conversation that appears to be gathering pace. The new prevalence of remote and flexible working models will likely all play important roles in how we balance our professional and personal lives. And if it seems like finding that perfect balance remains difficult to achieve, the experts say that keeping some perspective can help. For millions of people, work is about being able to put food on the table. Talking about work-life balance "is a very privileged conversation", says Lechner. "If we're reflecting, maybe we should also reflect on that."
题目
Match the statements with the paragraphs
36.According to management experts, work-life balance is not as simple as fixing equal amounts of time to work and personal life.
未作答
正确答案: B
37.Research found that those who are given greater flexibility at work are less stressed and more likely to stay in their jobs.
未作答
正确答案: J
38.Workers who rejected working long hours tended to make regular adjustments in order to achieve work-life balance.
未作答
正确答案: E
39.Talking about work-life balance is said to be a privileged one for the better-off to those who barely make a living
未作答
正确答案: L
40.Knowing one's emotional state is of utmost importance in deciding what changes to make for a better work-life balance.
未作答
正确答案: G
41.More female professionals reported being reluctant to work overtime than their male counterparts.
未作答
正确答案: D
42.Without organisational support, any personal effort to maintain work-life balance will be unsuccessful.
未作答
正确答案: K
43.The question of how to achieve work-life balance has long been the main subject of discussion among workers.
未作答
正确答案: A
44.You may not actually experience emotional wellbeing at home if you remain occupied with what happened at work.
未作答
正确答案: H
45.Some researchers suggest that work-life balance is not a goal to achieve, but a process for life to be adjusted promptly.
未作答
正确答案: C

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

原文

As a university student, I've come to realise just how little I know about money. I've come to the brutal realisation that Australia's youth are being done a great disservice by not receiving any consistent financial education.

Diving headfirst into the crash course of starting university, I've quickly tried to get myself up to speed with the financial terms of the modern era to help manage my personal finances. I've read some financial education books, done some online learning, and have spoken to my nearest and dearest for their pearls of financial wisdom.

There are undoubtedly hundreds of great resources out there for those wishing to improve their financial literacy, but while I was researching, I still kept wishing that I didn't have to play catch-up with the money world. I felt that I was sailing the financial seas with no skills and no life jacket!

However, after talking to my friends who felt the same, I quickly realised that it wasn't my ignorance but the lack of financial education in our schooling system that is leaving high schoolers seriously behind in the modern world of money.

Let's compare a theoretical financial education subject to the standard compulsory English class. On average, English may not be the most popular subject, but it's consistently on the schedule throughout high school, with all students graduating fluent in English.

A financial education subject should do just the same. It shouldn't be just a one-day event but a course integrated throughout the whole of high school that would allow students to gradually expand their financial literacy, and would prevent the need for a 'catch up' phase once we're out on our own after graduation.

In the same way that learning a language or new skills takes time, building financial skills requires practice and years of gradually accumulating it and applying it to daily life.

Giving young people the opportunity to become familiar with the world of money would provide them with a great advantage to enter adulthood with confidence and security so that they are able to manage their own money and look after themselves.

题目
46. What has the author come to realise since entering university?
✗ 未作答
47. How did the author feel in today's money world?
✗ 未作答
48. What did the author realise after talking to his friends?
✗ 未作答
49. What is the author's idea of a financial education course?
✗ 未作答
50. What would financial literacy do to young people?
✗ 未作答

Passage Two

原文

Chocolates save us from many things, especially emotional distress. They comfort us in times of trouble, calming down a racing heart by channelling happy calories inside us. We all have faith in chocolates to delight us in an instant!

Recently, chocolate lovers were heartbroken as scientists claimed that they can become extinct by 2050! But hey, we have some happy news for you. Scientists can still help save chocolates from dying out! If you are not aware as to why scientists made the statement about the death of this wonderful thing, let us tell you the facts. Chocolate tree, whose seeds are used to make chocolate, grow in the tropical plant world and require very specific weather conditions to prosper.

Now, fifty percent of the world's cocoa (可可) beans come from two countries in West Africa: Cote Tvoire and Ghana. Scientists believe that both of these countries will experience a 3.8°F temperature increase by 2050 due to global warming, endangering the cacao(可可树)farms in the rainforests. These farms will then have to be shifted to cooler mountainous areas, which are the natural habitat of wildlife. This will lead to some tough decisions: whether to grow chocolate or save wildlife.

Unfortunately, the crisis of global warming has already had a serious negative impact on cacao farms' yields, leading to the prices of chocolates skyrocketing.

Scientists, however, are trying to find a long term and eco friendly solution to this plight! They are trying to modify the species with a gene-editing technology, which will transform the seedlings into a species that survives even in a drier and warmer climate.

According to a report by The Business Insider, in the University of California's new bio-sciences building, tiny green cacao seedlings are lined up in refrigerated rows for an experiment by using a technology called CRISPR. By manipulating the DNA of plants, this technology is already being used across the world to make plants tougher and cheaper. Similarly, in this unconventional experiment, scientists will make tiny, precise changes to the DNA of the seedlings to make the cocoa crops survive in warmer and drier climates.

题目
51. What do people believe chocolates can do?
✗ 未作答
52. What was scientists' recent assertion about chocolates?
✗ 未作答
53. What would happen if the cacao farms were shifted to cooler mountainous areas?
✗ 未作答
54. What do we learn about the cacao farms in the crisis of global warming?
✗ 未作答
55. What are scientists trying to do in the University of California's new bio-sciences building?
✗ 未作答
Part IVTranslation(30 minutes)
材料

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

敦煌莫高窟(Mogao Grottos)数字展示中心于2014年开放启用,是莫高窟保护利用工程的重要组成部分。展示中心采用数字技术和多媒体展示手段,使游客进入洞窟参观之前就能了解莫高窟的历史文化,鉴赏莫高窟的艺术经典。这将减少开放洞窟的数量,缩短游客在洞窟内的逗留时间,减轻参观对莫高窟造成的影响,以使这一世界文化遗产得到妥善保护、长久利用。
作答
参考译文
The Mogao Grottoes Digital Exhibition Center, opened in 2014, is an integral part of the Mogao Grottoes protection and utilization project. The center employs digital technology and multimedia display methods, allowing visitors to understand the history and culture of the Mogao Grottoes and appreciate their artistic masterpieces before entering the caves. This will reduce the number of caves open to the public, shorten the time visitors spend inside, mitigate the impact of visits on the grottoes, and ensure that this world cultural heritage is properly protected and utilized for a long time.

本页为2024年12月英语四级真题（第2套）答案，支持隐藏答案自查。

写作题目：how students can contribute to a green campus

翻译题干节选：敦煌莫高窟(Mogao Grottos)数字展示中心于2014年开放启用,是莫高窟保护利用工程的重要组成部分。展示中心采用数字技术和多媒体展示手段,使游客进入洞…