2022年考研英语一阅读 Text 2 原文翻译及答案解析

As the latest crop of students pen their undergraduate application form and weigh up their options, it may be worth considering just how the point, purpose and value of a degree has changed and what Generation Z need to consider as they start the third stage of their educational journey.

随着最新一批学生填写本科申请表并权衡他们的选择，或许值得考虑学位的意义、目的和价值已经发生了怎样的变化，以及Z世代在开始他们教育旅程的第三阶段时需要考虑什么。

Millennials were told that if you did well in school, got a decent degree, you would be set up for life. But that promise has been found wanting. As degrees became universal, they became devalued. Education was no longer a secure route of social mobility. Today, 28 per cent of graduates in the UK are in non-graduate roles, a percentage which is double the average among the OECD countries.

千禧一代被告知，如果在学校表现良好，获得一个体面的学位，你就会一劳永逸。但这个承诺被发现有缺陷。随着学位变得普遍，它们贬值了。教育不再是社会流动的安全途径。如今，英国28%的毕业生从事非毕业生岗位，这一比例是OECD国家平均水平的两倍。

This is not to say that there is no point in getting a degree, but rather stress that a degree is not for everyone, that the switch from classroom to lecture hall is not an inevitable one and that other options are available.

这并不是说获得学位没有意义，而是强调学位并非适合所有人，从教室到讲堂的转变并非不可避免，还有其他选择可用。

Thankfully, there are signs that this is already happening, with Generation Z seeking to learn from their millennial predecessors, even if parents and teachers tend to be still set in the degree mindset. Employers have long seen the advantages of hiring school leavers who often prove themselves to be more committed and loyal employees than graduates. Many too are seeing the advantages of scrapping a degree requirement for certain roles.

值得庆幸的是，有迹象表明这已经在发生，Z世代正在寻求从他们的千禧一代前辈那里学习，即使父母和教师往往仍固守学位心态。雇主们早就看到了招聘离校生的优势，这些人往往比毕业生更敬业和忠诚。许多雇主也看到了取消某些职位学位要求的好处。

For those for whom a degree is the desired route, consider that this may well be the first of many. In this age of generalists, it pays to have specific knowledge or skills. Postgraduates now earn 40 per cent more than graduates. When more and more of us have a degree, it makes sense to have two.

对于那些将学位视为理想途径的人来说，考虑这可能只是众多学位中的第一个。在这个通才时代，拥有特定知识或技能是有益的。研究生现在的收入比毕业生高40%。当我们中越来越多的人拥有一个学位时，拥有两个学位是有道理的。

It is unlikely that Generation Z will be done with education at 18 or 21; they will need to be constantly upskilling throughout their career to stay employable. It has been estimated that this generation, due to the pressures of technology, the wish for personal fulfilment and desire for diversity, will work for 17 different employers over the course of their working life and have five different careers. Education, and not just knowledge gained on campus, will be a core part of Generation Z’s career trajectory.

Z世代不太可能在18岁或21岁完成教育；他们需要在整个职业生涯中不断学习新技能以保持就业能力。据估计，由于技术压力、对个人成就的渴望和多样性的追求，这一代人在职业生涯中将为17个不同的雇主工作，并拥有五种不同的职业。教育，不仅仅是校园里获得的知识，将成为Z世代职业轨迹的核心部分。

Older generations often talk about their degree in the present and personal tense: “I am a geographer” or “I am a classicist”. Their sons or daughters would never say such a thing; it’s as if they already know that their degree won’t define them in the same way.

老一辈人经常用现在时和个人语气谈论他们的学位：“我是一个地理学家”或“我是一个古典学者”。他们的子女永远不会说这样的话；仿佛他们已经知道他们的学位不会以同样的方式定义他们。