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2019年12月大学英语四级真题（第3套）
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2019年12月英语四级真题（第3套）

Part IWriting(30 minutes)
材料

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to study in China. Please recommend a university to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

作答
Part IIListening(25分钟)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
听力音频
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Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
听力音频
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Section C

Directions: In this section you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
听力音频
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听力音频
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Part IIIReading Comprehension(40分钟)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

原文

Millions of people travel by plane every single day. If you're planning on being one of them soon, you might not be looking forward to the feeling air travel often leaves you with Besides the airport crowds and stress, travelling at a high altitude has real effects on the body. Although the pressure of the cabin is to prevent altitude sickness, you could still sleepless or a headache. The lower oxygen pressure found in an aircraft cabin is to that at 6,000-8,000 feet of altitude. A drop in oxygen pressure can cause headaches in certain . To help prevent headaches, drink plenty of water, and avoid alcohol and coffee.

Airplane food might not really be as tasteless as you thought. The air you breathe in a plane dries out your mouth and nose, which can affect your sense of taste. Perception of sweet and salty foods dropped by almost percent in a simulation of air travel. However, you can make your taste buds active again by drinking water. A dry mouth may taste sensitivity, but taste is restored by drinking fluids.

Although in-flight infections in dry environments like airplanes, your risk of getting sick from an airplane is actually low because of the air used. Unless you're sitting next to someone who is coughing or sneezing, you shouldn't worry too much about getting sick. However, bacteria have been shown to live on cabin surfaces, so wash your hands .

题目
Word Bank
A) adjustedB) channelsC) equivalentD) experienceE) filtersF) frequentlyG) individualsH) originallyI) particularJ) primarilyK) reduceL) renovatedM) smoothN) thriveO) unpleasant

Section B

Directions: In this section. you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

原文

A South Korean city designed for the future takes on a life of its own

A) Getting around a city is one thing—and then there's the matter of getting from one city to another. One vision of the perfect city of the future is a place that offers easy access to air travel. In 2011, a University of North Carolina business professor named John Kasarda published a book called Aerotropolis: The Way We'll Live Next. Kasarda says future cities should be built intentionally around or near airports. The idea, as he has put it, is to offer businesses 'rapid, long-distance connectivity on a massive scale.'
B) 'The 18th century really was a waterborne century, the 19th century a rail century, the 20th century a highway, car, truck century—and the 21st century will increasingly be an aviation century, as the globe becomes increasingly connected by air,' Kasarda says. Songdo, a city built from scratch in South Korea, is one of Kasarda's prime examples. It has existed for just a few years. 'From the outset, it was designed on the basis of connectivity and competitiveness,' says Kasarda. 'The government built the bridge directly from the airport to the Songdo International Business District. And the surface infrastructure was built at the same time as the new airport.'
C) Songdo is a stone's throw from South Korea's Incheon Airport, its main international hub. But it takes a lot more than a nearby airport to be a city of the future. Just building a place as an 'international business district' doesn't mean it will become one. Park Yeon Soo conceived this city of the future back in 1986. He considers Songdo his baby. Park sees himself as a visionary. Thirty years after he imagined the city, Park's baby is close to 70 percent built, with 36,000 people living in the business district and 90,000 residents in greater Songdo. It's about an hour outside Seoul, built on former tidal flats along the Yellow Sea. There's a Coast Guard building and a tall trade tower, as well as a park, golf course, and university.
D) Chances are you've actually seen this place. Songdo appears in the most famous music video ever to come out of South Korea. 'Gangnam Style' refers to the fashionable Gangnam district in Seoul. But some of the video was filmed in Songdo. 'I don't know if you remember, there was a scene in a subway station. That was not Gangnam. That was actually Songdo,' says Jung Won Son, a professor of urban development at London's Bartlett School of Planning. 'Part of the reason to shoot there is that it's new and nice.'
E) The city was supposed to be a hub for global companies, with employees from all over the world. But that's not how it has turned out. Songdo's reputation is as a futuristic ghost town. But the reality is more complicated. A bridge with big, light-blue loops leads into the business district. In the center of the main road, there's a long line of flags of the world. On the corner, there's a Starbucks and a 7-Eleven—all of the international brands that you see all over the world nowadays.
F) The city is not empty. There are mothers pushing baby carriages, old women with walkers—even in the middle of the day, when it's 90 degrees out. Byun Young-Jin chairs the Songdo real estate association and started selling property here when the first phase of the city opened in 2005. He says demand has boomed in the past couple of years. Most of his clients are Korean. In fact, the developer says, 99 percent of the homes here are sold to Koreans. Young families move here because the schools are great. And that's the problem: Songdo has become a popular Korean city—more popular as a residential area than a business one. It's not yet the futuristic international business hub that planners imagined. 'It's a great place to live. And it's becoming a great place to work,' says Scott Summers, vice president of Gale International, the developer of the city. The floor-to-ceiling windows of his company's offices overlook Songdo Central Park, with a canal full of small boats and people fishing. Shimmering glass towers line the canal's edge.
G) 'What's happened is that our focus on creating that quality of life first has enabled the residents to live here,' Summers says. But there needs to be strong economic incentives for companies to locate here. The city is still unfinished, and it feels a bit like a theme park. It doesn't feel all that futuristic. There's a high-tech underground trash disposal system. Buildings are environmentally friendly. Everybody's television set is connected to a system that streams personalized language or exercise classes.
H) But this is not Star Trek. And to some of the residents, Songdo feels hollow. 'I'm, like, in prison for weekdays. That's what we call it in the workplace,' says a woman in her 20s. She doesn't want to use her name for fear of being fired from her job. She goes back to Seoul every weekend. 'I say I'm prison-breaking on Friday nights.' But she has to make the prison break in her own car. There's no high-speed train connecting Songdo to Seoul, just over 20 miles away.
I) Park Yeon Soo, the man who first imagined Songdo, feels frustrated, too. He says he built South Korea a luxury vehicle, 'like Mercedes or BMW. It's a good car now. But we're waiting for a good driver to accelerate.' But there are lots of other good cars out there, too. The world is dotted with futuristic, high-tech cities trying to attract the biggest international companies.
J) Songdo's backers contend that it's still early, and business space is filling up—about 70 percent of finished offices are now occupied. Brent Ryan, who teaches urban design at MIT, says Songdo proves a universal principle. 'There have been a lot of utopian cities in history. And the reason we don't know about a lot of them is that they have vanished entirely.' In other words, when it comes to cities—or anything else—it is hard to predict the future.
题目
Match the statements with the paragraphs
36.Songdo's popularity lies more in its quality of life than its business attraction.
37.The man who conceived Songdo feels disappointed because it has fallen short of his expectations.
38.A scene in a popular South Korean music video was shot in Songdo.
39.Songdo still lacks the financial stimulus for businesses to set up shop there.
40.Airplanes will increasingly become the chief means of transportation, according to a professor.
41.Songdo has ended up different from the city it was supposed to be.
42.Some of the people who work in Songdo complain about boredom in the workplace.
43.A business professor says that a future city should have easy access to international transportation.
44.According to an urban design professor, it is difficult for city designers to foresee what will happen in the future.
45.Park Yeon Soo, who envisioned Songdo, feels a parental connection with the city.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

原文

The fifth-largest city in the US passed a significant soda tax proposal that will levy (征税) 1.5 cents per liquid ounce on distributors. Philadelphia's new measure was approved by a 13 to 4 city council vote. It sets a new bar for similar initiatives across the country. It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks can gain substantial support outside super-liberal areas. Until now, the only city to successfully pass and implement a soda tax was Berkeley, California, in 2014.

The tax will apply to regular and diet sodas, as well as other drinks with added sugar, such as Gatorade and iced teas. It's expected to raise $410 million over the next five years, most of which will go toward funding a universal pre-kindergarten program for the city.

While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents to the measure, including soda lobbyists, made sharp criticisms and a promise to challenge the tax in court.

"The tax passed today unfairly singles out beverages—including low- and no-calorie choices," said Lauren Kane, spokeswoman for the American Beverage Association. "But most importantly, it is against the law. So we will side with the majority of the people of Philadelphia who oppose this tax and take legal action to stop it."

An industry-backed anti-tax campaign has spent at least $4 million on advertisements. The ads criticized the measure, characterizing it as a "grocery tax."

Public health groups applauded the approved tax as a step toward fixing certain lasting health issues that plague Americans. "The move to recapture a small part of the profits from an industry that pushes a product that contributes to diabetes, obesity, and heart disease in poorer communities in order to reinvest in those communities will surely be inspirational to many other places," said Jim Krieger, executive director of Healthy Food America. "Indeed, we are already hearing from some of them. It's not 'just Berkeley' anymore."

Similar measures in California's Albany, Oakland, San Francisco, and Colorado's Boulder are becoming hot-button issues. Health advocacy groups have hinted that even more might be coming.

题目
46. What does the passage say about the newly-approved soda tax in Philadelphia?
47. What will the opponents probably do to respond to the soda tax proposal?
48. What did the industry-backed anti-tax campaign do about the soda tax proposal?
49. What did public health groups think the soda tax would do?
50. What do we learn about similar measures concerning the soda tax in some other cities?

Passage Two

原文

Popping food into the microwave for a couple of minutes may seem utterly harmless, but Europe's stock of these quick-cooking ovens emits as much carbon as nearly 7 million cars, a new study has found. And the problem is growing. With costs falling and kitchen appliances becoming "status" items, owners are throwing away microwaves after an average of eight years. This is putting sales of new microwaves, which are expected to reach 13.5 million annually in the EU by the end of the decade.

A study by the University of Manchester calculated the emissions of CO2—the main greenhouse gas responsible for climate change—at every stage of microwaves, from manufacture to waste disposal. "It is electricity consumption by microwaves that has the biggest impact on the environment," say the authors. The authors also calculate that the emissions from using 19 microwaves over a year are the same as those from using a car. According to the same study, efforts to reduce consumption should focus on improving consumer awareness and behavior. For example, consumers could use appliances in a more efficient way by adjusting the time of cooking to the type of food.

However, David Reay, professor of carbon management, argues that, although microwaves use a great deal of energy, their emissions are minor compared to those from cars. In the UK alone, there are around 30 million cars. These cars emit more than all the microwaves in the EU. Backing this up, recent data show that passenger cars in the UK emitted 69 million tons of CO2 in 2015. This is 10 times the amount this new microwave oven study estimates for annual emissions for all the microwave ovens in the EU. Further, the energy used by microwaves is lower than any other form of cooking. Among common kitchen appliances used for cooking, microwaves are the most energy efficient, followed by a stove and finally a standard oven. Thus, rising microwave sales could be seen as a positive thing.

题目
51. What is the finding of the new study?
52. Why are the sales of microwaves expected to rise?
53. What recommendation does the study by the University of Manchester make?
54. What does Professor David Reay try to argue?
55. What does Professor David Reay think of the use of microwaves?
Part IVTranslation(30 minutes)
材料

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。中文姓名的特点是，姓总是在前，名跟在其后。千百年来，父姓一直世代相传。然而，如今，孩子跟母亲姓并不罕见。一般来说，名有一个或两个汉字，通常承载父母对孩子的愿望。从孩子的名字可以推断出父母希望孩子成为什么样的人，或者期望他们过什么样的生活。父母非常重视给孩子取名，因为名字往往会伴随孩子一生。
作答

本页为2019年12月英语四级真题（第3套），支持听力、阅读、写作和翻译在线练习。

写作题目：Recommend a university to a foreign friend who wants to study in China

翻译题干节选：中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。中文姓名的特点是，姓总是在前，名跟在其后。千百年来，父姓一直世代相传。然而，如今，孩子跟母亲姓并不罕见。一般来说，名有一个或两个汉…

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