2019年06月六级第2套仔细阅读 Passage 1 原文翻译及答案解析

Effective Friday, Screen Actors Guild-American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (SAG-AFTRA) has declared a strike against 11 video game publishers over games that went into production after Feb. 17, 2015. The companies include some of the heavyweights of the industry, like Electronic Arts Productions, Insomniac Games, Activision and Disney.

从周五起，美国演员工会-美国电视和广播艺术家联合会（SAG-AFTRA）宣布对11家视频游戏发行商举行罢工，针对的是2015年2月17日之后进入制作阶段的游戏。这些公司包括行业的一些巨头，如电子艺界、失眠症游戏、动视和迪士尼。

The strike comes in light of an unsuccessful 19 months of negotiations after the existing labor contract known as the Interactive Media Agreement expired in late 2014. Overall, the strike is an effort to provide more secondary compensation along with other concerns, such as transparency upon hiring talent and on-set (制作中) safety precautions.

这次罢工是因为在现有的劳动协议——即《互动媒体协议》——于2014年底到期后，经过19个月的谈判未果。总体而言，罢工旨在提供更多的二次补偿，以及其他关切，如招聘人才时的透明度和制作中的安全预防措施。

The video gaming industry has ballooned in recent years. The Los Angeles Times reports that the industry is in the midst of an intense increase in cash flow. In 2015, gaming produced $23.5 billion in domestic revenue.

近年来，视频游戏行业迅速膨胀。《洛杉矶时报》报道称，该行业正处于现金流急剧增长的时期。2015年，游戏在国内产生了235亿美元的收入。

But SAG-AFTRA says voice actors don't receive residuals (追加酬金) for their gaming work. Instead, they receive a fixed rate, which is typically about $825 for a standard four-hour vocal session. So the voice actors are pushing for the idea of secondary compensation—a performance bonus every time a game sells 2 million copies or downloads, or reaches 2 million subscribers, with a cap at 8 million.

但SAG-AFTRA表示，配音演员在游戏中工作时没有收到追加酬金。相反，他们获得固定费率，通常是一个标准四小时声音录制会话约825美元。因此，配音演员正在推动二次补偿的想法——每当游戏销售或下载达到200万份，或订阅者达到200万时，就获得一次绩效奖金，上限为800万。

"It's a very small number of games that would trigger this secondary compensation issue," said voice actor Crispin Freeman, who's a member of the union's negotiating committee. "This is an important aspect of what it means to be a freelance (从事自由职业的) performer, who isn't regularly employed every single day working on projects."

“只有极少数游戏会触发这个二次补偿问题，”配音演员克利斯平·弗里曼说，他是工会谈判委员会的成员。“这是自由职业表演者的一个重要方面，他们不是每天都被定期雇佣来参与项目。”

Another major complaint from the actors is the secrecy of the industry. "I can't imagine if there's any other acting job in the world where you don't know what show you're in, when you're hired," says voice actor Keythe Farley, who chairs the SAG-AFTRA negotiating committee.

演员们的另一个主要抱怨是行业的保密性。配音演员基思·法利说：“我无法想象世界上还有其他表演工作，在雇佣时你不知道自己要参与什么节目。”他是SAG-AFTRA谈判委员会的主席。

"And yet that happens every day in the video game world," Farley told reporters during a press conference Friday. "I was a main character in Fallout 4, a character by the name of Kellogg, and I never knew that I was doing vocal recording for that game throughout the year and a half."

“然而，这在视频游戏世界每天都在发生，”法利在周五的新闻发布会上告诉记者。“我是《辐射4》的一个主要角色，名叫凯洛格，但在一年半的时间里，我从未知道我在为那个游戏录制声音。”

Scott Witlin, the lawyer representing the video game companies, says voice actors "represent less than one tenth of 1 percent of the work that goes into making a video game." So "even though they're the top craftsmen in their field," Witlin says, "if we pay them under a vastly different system than the people who do the 99.9 percent of the work, that's going to create far more problems for the video game companies."

代表视频游戏公司的律师斯科特·维特林表示，配音演员“代表了制作视频游戏所涉及工作的不到0.1%。”因此，维特林说，“尽管他们是该领域的顶级工匠，但如果我们支付他们与完成99.9%工作的人截然不同的体系，那将给视频游戏公司带来更多问题。”