2025年12月六级第2套仔细阅读 Passage 1 原文翻译及答案解析

As interdependent beings we cannot thrive independent of others. We like to work with people who are like-minded, with whom we share a common interest, or who also believe in a cause we are serious about. This is evident in how we have organised ourselves into various collective groups such as nations, regions, communities, organisations, and families.

作为相互依存的生物，我们无法脱离他人而茁壮成长。我们喜欢与志同道合、拥有共同兴趣或同样认真相信某一事业的人一起工作。这体现在我们如何将自己组织成各种集体群体，如国家、地区、社区、组织和家庭。

Does the group you belong to have a strong collective consciousness or shared beliefs? Is there interdependence among its members? Do you consider this group a significant part of your existence? If your answers are affirmative, then you are experiencing a micro version of solidarity.

你所属的群体是否有强烈的集体意识或共同信仰？成员之间是否存在相互依存关系？你是否认为这个群体是你存在的重要部分？如果答案是肯定的，那么你正在体验一种微观版本的团结。

What is solidarity? Its simplest definition in the dictionary is: "...a unifying opinion, feeling, purpose or interest among a group of people."

什么是团结？词典中最简单的定义是：“……一群人的统一意见、情感、目的或利益。”

In this increasingly diverse society we live in, solidarity takes on a complex and multifaceted character as it forms bonds of interdependence among unique individuals living in a fast-changing environment and working within a complex division of labour.

在我们生活的这个日益多样化的社会中，团结呈现出复杂和多面的特征，因为它在生活在快速变化环境中、从事复杂分工的独特个体之间形成了相互依存的纽带。

One facet of solidarity fits well with the principles of communitarianism. In this setting, individuals give up their own interests to serve the common good. However, its strict adherence to social cohesiveness and exclusiveness restricts expression and practice of individual differences and preferences. Consequently, individuality and autonomy is sacrificed to maintain the unity of the group.

团结的一个方面与社群主义的原则非常契合。在这种背景下，个体放弃自己的利益以服务共同利益。然而，它对社会凝聚力和排他性的严格坚持限制了个人差异和偏好的表达与实践。因此，个性和自主性被牺牲以维护群体的统一。

Solidarity is also viewed as a reaction to the extreme emphasis on individualism and freedom of choice. It goes against the liberal idea of unrestricted individuals who see society as a hindrance to their freedom to make choices and to act according to what is good for them regardless of how these will affect others.

团结也被视为对极端强调个人主义和选择自由的一种反应。它反对自由主义的观点，即无约束的个体认为社会是阻碍他们自由选择并根据自身利益行动的障碍，而不管这些行为如何影响他人。

But despite its many facets, social theorists have viewed solidarity as a key factor in bringing about order and progress in society. They believe that for human society to survive as it becomes more diverse, more new bonds need to be formed based on the differences. In the light of this, they regard a genuine solidarity as more than just shallow relationships based on common interests. Solidarity is not just a product of strategic calculations of how much it will benefit the self. It is not an exclusive class founded on the you-and-me-against-the-world principle. Rather, it is inclusive and is not forced. Acting out of solidarity means supporting and standing up for each other — in recognition that one's fate is in the fate of the other. It is a bond characterised by cooperative practices and strengthened by the concern for the well-being of others or the common good. It fights for the protection of human dignity and listens to and acts on the cries of the most vulnerable.

但尽管团结有许多方面，社会理论家认为它是带来社会秩序和进步的关键因素。他们相信，随着人类社会变得更加多样化，需要基于差异形成更多新的纽带。鉴于此，他们认为真正的团结不仅仅是基于共同利益的浅层关系。团结不仅仅是战略计算自身受益多少的产物。它不是一个基于“你我对抗世界”原则的排他性阶层。相反，它是包容的，并且不被强迫。出于团结的行动意味着相互支持和捍卫——认识到自己的命运与他人的命运相连。这是一种以合作实践为特征、以对他人或共同利益福祉的关切为加强的纽带。它为保护人类尊严而奋斗，并倾听和回应最脆弱者的呼声。