2012年考研英语一翻译原文及参考译文

46. Since the days of Aristotle, a search for universal principles has characterized the scientific enterprise.

自亚里士多德时代以来，对普遍原则的探索一直是科学事业的特征。

47. In some ways, this quest for commonalities defines science.

在某些方面，对共性的追求定义了科学。

48. Newton's laws of motion and Darwinian evolution each bind a host of different phenomena into a single explicatory framework.

牛顿的运动定律和达尔文的进化论各自将大量不同的现象纳入单一的解释框架之中。

49. Here, Darwinism seems to offer an explanation, since if all humans share common origins, it seems reasonable to suppose that cultural diversity could also be traced to more constrained beginnings.

在这里，达尔文主义似乎提供了一种解释，因为如果所有人类拥有共同的起源，那么认为文化多样性也可以追溯到更为有限的源头似乎是合理的。

50. The second, by Joshua Greenberg, takes a more empirical approach to universality, identifying traits (particularly in word order) shared by many languages, which are considered to represent biases that result from cognitive constraints.

第二种理论由乔舒亚格林伯格提出，采用更为经验主义的方法来研究普遍性，识别了多种语言所共有的特征（特别是在词序方面），这些特征被认为代表了认知约束所导致的偏好。