2015年考研英语一阅读 Text 4 原文翻译及答案解析

Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch's daughter, Elisabeth, spoke of the "unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions". Integrity had collapsed, she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the only "sorting mechanism" in society should be profit and the market. But "it's us, human beings, we the people who create the society we want, not profit."

两年前，鲁伯特·默多克的女儿伊丽莎白谈到了“我们众多机构中令人不安的诚信缺失”。她认为，诚信之所以崩溃，是因为集体接受社会唯一的“分选机制”应该是利润和市场。但“是我们人类，我们人民创造了我们想要的社会，而不是利润。”

Driving her point home, she continued: "It's increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom." This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International, she thought, making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.

为了强调她的观点，她继续说道：“越来越明显的是，政府、媒体或企业内部缺乏目的性、道德语言，这可能成为资本主义和自由最危险的目标之一。”她认为，这种道德目的性的缺失正在伤害像新闻国际这样的公司，使其更可能迷失方向，正如它在大范围非法电话窃听中所表现的那样。

As the hacking trial concludes - finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones, and finding his predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge - the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands. Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people. This is hacking on an industrial scale, as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This long story still unfolds.

随着窃听审判的结束——判定《世界新闻报》前编辑安迪·库尔森因合谋窃听电话有罪，而判定其前任丽贝卡·布鲁克斯对同一指控无罪——更广泛的诚信缺失问题仍然存在。据悉，记者们窃听了多达5,500人的电话。这是工业规模的窃听，正如2001年被《世界新闻报》雇佣为电话窃听负责人的格伦·马尔凯尔所承认的那样。其他人仍在等待审判。这个漫长的故事仍在展开。

In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place. One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived. The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.

在许多方面，道德目的性的缺失不仅框定了如此广泛电话窃听的事实，还框定了审判的进行方式。其中一个惊人的揭露是丽贝卡·布鲁克斯对她新闻编辑室内发生的事情知之甚少，她很少想到去询问，并且她从未询问这些报道是如何得来的。她成功辩护的核心是她一无所知。

In today's world, it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organisations that they run. Perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value, business-friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Words degraded to the margin have been justice, fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.

在当今世界，高薪高管不必为他们所管理的组织中发生的事情负责已变得正常。也许我们不应该如此惊讶。一代人以来，集体信条一直是社会的分选机制应该是利润。重要的词语是效率、灵活性、股东价值、商业友好、财富创造、销售、影响，以及在报纸中，发行量。被边缘化的词语是正义、公平、容忍、比例性和问责制。

The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding, to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave no instructions - nor received traceable, recorded answers.

编辑《世界新闻报》的目的不是促进读者理解，在写作中保持公正或展现任何共同人性。而是在追求发行量和影响的过程中毁掉生活。布鲁克斯女士可能对她记者如何获得报道有或没有怀疑，但她没有提问，没有给出指示——也没有收到可追踪、记录的答案。