2022年考研英语二阅读 Text 2 原文翻译及答案解析

More Americans are opting to work well into retirement, a growing trend that threatens to upend the old workforce model.

越来越多的美国人选择在退休后继续工作，这一日益增长的趋势威胁着颠覆旧有的劳动力模式。

One in three Americans who are at least 40 have or plan to have a job in retirement to prepare for a longer life, according to a survey conducted by Harris Poll for TD Ameritrade. Even more surprising is that more than half of “unretirees”- those who plan to work in retirement or went back to work after retiring- said they would be employed in their later years even if they had enough money to settle down, the survey showed.

根据哈里斯民意调查为TD Ameritrade进行的一项调查，三分之一年龄在40岁及以上的美国人已经或计划在退休后工作，以应对更长寿命的准备。更令人惊讶的是，调查显示，超过一半的“不退休者”——即那些计划在退休后工作或退休后重返职场的人——表示，即使他们有足够的钱安享晚年，他们也会在晚年继续工作。

Financial needs aren't the only culprit for the “unretirement“ trend. Other reasons, according to the study, include personal fulfillment such as staying mentally fit, preventing boredom or avoiding depression. About 72% of “unretiree“ respondents said that they would return to work once retired to keep mentally fit while 59% said it would be tied to making ends meet.

经济需求并非“不退休”趋势的唯一原因。根据研究，其他原因包括个人满足，如保持心理健康、防止无聊或避免抑郁。约72%的“不退休者”受访者表示，退休后会重返工作以保持心理健康，而59%的人表示这与维持生计有关。

“The concept of retirement is evolving,said Christine Russell, senior manager of retirement at TD Ameritrade. "It's not just about finances. The value of work is also driving folks to continue working past retirement.”

“退休的概念正在演变，”TD Ameritrade的退休高级经理克里斯汀·拉塞尔说。“这不仅仅是关于财务。工作的价值也在推动人们在退休后继续工作。”

One reason for the change in retirement patterns: Americans are living longer. The share of the population 65 and older was 16% in 2018, up 32% from the prior year, according to the US. Census Bureau. That’s also up 302% since 2010. Older Americans are also the fastest-growing segment of the U.S. workforce, and boomers are expected to live longer than previous generations. The percentage of retirement-age people in the labor force has doubled over the past three decades. About 20% of people 65 and older were in the workforce in February, up from an all-time low of 10% in January 1985, according to money manager United Income.

退休模式变化的一个原因：美国人寿命更长。根据美国人口普查局的数据，2018年65岁及以上人口的比例为16%，比前一年增长了32%。自2010年以来，这一比例也增长了302%。美国老年人也是美国劳动力中增长最快的群体，婴儿潮一代预计比前几代人更长寿。过去三十年里，退休年龄人口在劳动力中的比例翻了一番。根据资金管理公司United Income的数据，2月份65岁及以上人口中有约20%在劳动力中，高于1985年1月的历史最低点10%。

Because of longer life spans, Americans are also boosting their savings to preserve their nest eggs, the TD Ameritrade study showed, which surveyed 2000 adults between

由于寿命延长，美国人也在增加储蓄以保护他们的养老基金，TD Ameritrade的研究显示，该研究调查了2000名成年人。