2021年12月六级第1套仔细阅读 Passage 1 原文翻译及答案解析

The subject of automation and its role in our economy has taken hold in American public discourse. Technology broadly and automation specifically are dramatically reshaping the way we work. And we need to have a plan for what's still to come.

自动化及其在我们经济中的作用已成为美国公共讨论的焦点。广义上的技术，特别是自动化，正在深刻改变我们的工作方式。我们需要为即将到来的变化制定计划。

We don't have to look further than our own communities to see the devastating impact of automation. From automated warehouses to cashierless grocery stores to neighborhood libraries that offer self-checkout lanes instead of employing real people -- automation is increasingly replacing jobs and leaving too few good new jobs behind.

我们不必远望，只需看看我们自己的社区，就能看到自动化的毁灭性影响。从自动化仓库到无收银员的杂货店，再到提供自助结账通道而非雇佣真人工作人员的社区图书馆——自动化正日益取代工作岗位，并留下太少好的新工作机会。

The statistics in manufacturing are staggering. Despite the widespread fears about trade, a recent report showed that just 13 percent of jobs lost in manufacturing are due to trade—the rest of the losses have been due to advances in technology.

制造业的统计数据令人震惊。尽管人们对贸易普遍存在担忧，但最近的一份报告显示，制造业失业中仅有13%是由于贸易造成的——其余的损失都是由于技术进步。

That is why more people are criticizing the ever-increasing role of technology in our economy. Our country is manufacturing more than ever before, but we are doing it with fewer workers. However it's not just factories that are seeing losses-software and information technology are also having a dramatic impact on jobs most people think are secure from the forces of a rapidly-changing economy. Something transformative is happening in America that is having an adverse effect on American families. Whether policymakers and politicians admit it or not, workers have made clear their feelings. about their economic insecurity and desire to keep good jobs in America.

这就是为什么越来越多的人批评技术在我们经济中不断增长的作用。我们国家的制造业产量比以往任何时候都多，但我们用的工人却更少。然而，遭受损失的不仅仅是工厂——软件和信息技术也对大多数人认为能抵御快速变化经济力量的就业岗位产生了巨大影响。美国正在发生一些变革性的事情，这对美国家庭产生了不利影响。无论政策制定者和政客们是否承认，工人们已经明确表达了他们对经济不安全感的感受以及希望保留美国好工作的愿望。

So why are people so insistent on ignoring the perils of automation? They are failing to look ahead at a time when planning for the future is more important than ever. Resisting automation is futile: it is as inevitable as industrialization was before it. I sincerely hope that those who assert that automation will make us more effective and pave the way for new occupations are right, but the reality of automation's detrimental effects on workers makes me skeptical. No one can currently say where the new jobs are coming from or when, and any sensible company or country should prepare for all alternatives.

那么，为什么人们如此坚持忽视自动化的危险呢？在规划未来比以往任何时候都更重要的时刻，他们却未能向前看。抵制自动化是徒劳的：它就像之前的工业化一样不可避免。我真诚地希望那些断言自动化会让我们更高效并为新职业铺平道路的人是正确的，但自动化对工人的有害影响这一现实让我持怀疑态度。目前没有人能说出新工作将从何时何地而来，任何明智的公司或国家都应为所有可能性做好准备。

I'm not overstating the danger: look at what's happened to the labor force. According to economic research, one in six working-age men, 25-54, doesn't have a job. Fifty years ago, nearly 100 percent of men that age were working. Women's labor force participation, meanwhile, has slipped back to the level it was at in the late 1980s.

我没有夸大危险：看看劳动力市场发生了什么。根据经济研究，六分之一的工作年龄男性（25-54岁）没有工作。五十年前，几乎100%的同龄男性都在工作。与此同时，女性的劳动力参与率已回落到1980年代末的水平。

American families and prominent business leaders are aware that there's a big problem with automation. The value of a college degree is diminishing, and our upward mobility is declining. If we want an economy that allows everyone to be economically secure, we need to start thinking about how we can rightfully address automation.

美国家庭和知名商界领袖都意识到自动化存在一个大问题。大学学位的价值正在下降，我们的社会流动性也在下降。如果我们想要一个让每个人都能经济安全的经济体系，我们需要开始思考如何正确应对自动化。