2021年12月六级第1套听力原文及答案解析 进入互动练习 →

2021年12月六级第1套听力原文及答案解析

本页收录2021年12月六级第1套听力全部原文与答案。大学英语六级听力共三个部分:Section A 长对话,Section B 听力篇章,Section C 讲座/报告,全部音频只播放一遍。原文按句给出英文与中文对照,可用于精听、跟读与听写训练。

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Long Conversation 1
听力原文

Conversation 1.

对话一。

M: Good morning and welcome to People in the News.

早上好,欢迎收看《新闻人物》。

M: With me today is Megan Brown, an environmental activist whose controversial new book, Beyond Recycling, is making headlines.

今天和我一起的是梅根·布朗,一位环保活动家,她的争议新书《超越回收》正成为头条新闻。

F: Hi, Brian.

嗨,布莱恩。

F: Thanks for having me today.

感谢今天邀请我。

F: I'm excited to explain to the audience what my book is really about.

我很高兴能向观众解释我的书到底是什么内容。

M: Critics of your book assert that you're trying to force radical changes on the entire country.

您的书的批评者断言,您试图将激进的变革强加给整个国家。

M: Some claim that you want to force everyone to eat a vegetarian diet and make private transport illegal.

有些人声称,您想强迫每个人吃素食,并将私人交通定为非法。

F: I'm aware of those claims, but they simply aren't true.

我知道这些说法,但它们根本不是真的。

F: People who haven't read the book are making assumptions about my arguments.

没有读过这本书的人正在对我的论点进行假设。

F: They know I'm a vegetarian, that I don't wear leather or fur, and that I always use public transportation.

他们知道我是素食主义者,我不穿皮革或毛皮,我总是使用公共交通。

F: So they're depicting me as a radical animal rights activist and environmentalist determined to force my beliefs on others.

所以他们把我描绘成一个激进的动物权利活动家和环保主义者,决心将我的信仰强加给他人。

M: But don't you want others to adopt your practices?

但您难道不希望别人采纳您的做法吗?

M: You've campaigned for animal rights in the environment for decades.

您已经为动物权利和环境保护运动了几十年。

F: I'd love it if people chose to live as I do, but my life choices are based on my personal convictions.

如果人们选择像我一样生活,我会很高兴,但我的生活选择是基于我的个人信念。

F: They aren't my recommendations for others who don't share those convictions.

它们不是我给那些不认同这些信念的人的建议。

M: Well, in this excerpt from your book, you argue that meat consumption and private transport are devastating the environment, and that the best choices for the planet are vegetarian diets and public transport.

嗯,在您书的这段节选中,您认为肉类消费和私人交通正在破坏环境,而对地球最好的选择是素食饮食和公共交通。

F: I did write that, but those are examples of what I call best practices, not what I'm actually suggesting.

我确实写了那些,但那些是我所称的最佳实践的例子,并非我实际建议的内容。

F: In my guidelines for saving the environment, I suggest modest changes, like eating vegetarian meals two days a week.

在我的环境保护指南中,我建议适度的改变,比如每周吃两天素食。

M: You also endorse high taxes on meat and other animal products, and increased taxes on gasoline.

您还支持对肉类和其他动物产品征收高税,以及增加汽油税。

M: Those taxes could force poor people to adopt your life choices.

这些税收可能迫使穷人采纳您的生活选择。

F: But the taxes I suggest aren't that high, less than three percent only.

但我建议的税收并不那么高,只有不到百分之三。

F: Plus, the money generated would be allocated to environmental protection, which benefits everyone.

此外,产生的资金将用于环境保护,这造福所有人。

Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题1至4基于您刚刚听到的对话。

Question 1. What do we learn about the woman's new book?

问题1。关于这位女士的新书,我们了解到什么?

Question 2. What do some critics say about the author of the book?

问题2。一些批评者对这本书的作者说了什么?

Question 3. What does the woman claim about the diet changes she suggested?

问题3。这位女士对她建议的饮食改变声称什么?

Question 4. What does the woman say about her suggested tax increase?

问题4。关于她建议的税收增加,这位女士说了什么?

1. What do we learn about the woman's new book?
A) It has given rise to much controversy.
B) It has been very favorably received.
C) It was primarily written for vegetarians.
D) It offends many environmentalists.
答案 A
解析女士的新书《超越回收》引起了争议,批评者认为她试图在全国范围内强制推行激进的变化,包括让所有人吃素和使私人交通非法化。因此正确答案是A。选项B、C和D在对话中没有提及。
2. What do some critics say about the author of the book?
A) She neglects people's efforts in animal protection.
B) She tries to force people to accept her radical ideas.
C) She ignores the various benefits of public transport.
D) She insists vegetarians are harming the environment.
答案 B
解析一些批评者认为作者试图强迫人们接受她的激进观点,包括让所有人吃素和使私人交通非法化。因此正确答案是B。选项A、C和D在对话中没有提及。
3. What does the woman claim about the diet changes she suggested?
A) They are significant.
B) They are revolutionary.
C) They are rational.
D) They are modest.
答案 D
解析女士在对话中提到,她建议的改变是适度的,比如每周吃两天素食。因此正确答案是D。选项A、B和C在对话中没有提及。
4. What does the woman say about her suggested tax increase?
A) It would help to protect the environment.
B) It would generate money for public health.
C) It would need support from the general public.
D) It would force poor people to change their diet.
答案 A
解析女士提到她建议的税收增加不是为了迫使穷人改变饮食习惯,而是为了保护环境。因此正确答案是A。选项B、C和D在对话中没有提及。
Long Conversation 2
听力原文

Conversation 2.

对话2。

M: With me in the studio today is Ms.

今天来到演播室的嘉宾是女士。

M: Jane Logan, author of a new book, Secrets to Success.

简·洛根,新书《成功秘诀》的作者。

M: She claims to have uncovered how people achieve success.

她声称揭示了人们如何取得成功。

M: So, Ms.

那么,女士。

M: Logan, in your book, you claim that successful people have many things in common.

洛根,在你的书中,你声称成功人士有许多共同点。

M: For instance, they know their strengths when pursuing a goal.

例如,他们在追求目标时知道自己的优势。

F: That's right.

没错。

F: They also tend to be motivated by a negative or positive life event.

他们也往往受到负面或正面生活事件的激励。

F: They credit their success to having someone in their life who believes in them.

他们将成功归因于生活中有人相信他们。

M: You're also right that there are a number of different factors related to success.

你说得对,与成功相关的因素有很多。

M: And while successful people are driven to achieve their goals, the ultra-successful have even greater ambition.

虽然成功人士有动力实现目标,但超级成功人士有更大的抱负。

F: Yes, greater ambition, as well as a burning desire to be the best of the best, is also a common characteristic.

是的,更大的抱负,以及成为最好中的最好的强烈愿望,也是一个共同特征。

M: Right.

对。

M: So, those who are determined don't see obstacles as something that prevents success, but mere inconveniences that need to be overcome.

所以,那些有决心的人不把障碍视为阻止成功的东西,而仅仅是需要克服的不便。

F: Absolutely.

绝对如此。

F: Successful people are also optimistic, as it is important to stay positive while being aware of obstacles that can deter us from achieving our goals.

成功人士也很乐观,因为在意识到可能阻止我们实现目标的障碍时保持积极很重要。

M: That's a good point.

说得好。

M: All too often, people give up at the first hurdle.

很多时候,人们在第一个障碍前就放弃了。

M: Would you say, then, that most successful people make it all by themselves?

那么,你会说大多数成功人士都是靠自己成功的吗?

F: Not exactly.

不完全是。

F: They are usually good at cooperating with people and understanding the needs of others.

他们通常善于与人合作,并理解他人的需求。

M: So, people will be willing to help them, I guess.

所以,我猜人们会愿意帮助他们。

F: That's correct.

没错。

F: And this often leads to a great deal of mutual respect, whether it's with a colleague, an assistant, or even a receptionist.

这通常会导致大量的相互尊重,无论是与同事、助理,甚至是接待员。

M: Most successful people I know are very passionate about their work.

我认识的大多数成功人士对他们的工作非常有热情。

M: Would you say that passion is the single biggest key to success?

你会说热情是成功的唯一最大关键吗?

F: Not entirely.

不完全是。

F: There's a prerequisite.

有一个前提条件。

F: That is, you have to work in an environment that nurtures passion.

那就是,你必须在一个培养热情的环境中工作。

F: If that exists, success will follow.

如果这个条件存在,成功就会随之而来。

Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题5到8基于你刚刚听到的对话。

Question 5. What has the woman revealed in her book?

问题5. 女士在她的书中揭示了什么?

Question 6. What do successful people attribute their achievements to?

问题6. 成功人士将他们的成就归因于什么?

Question 7. What do successful people do when faced with difficulties?

问题7. 成功人士面对困难时怎么做?

Question 8. What is one prerequisite for passionate work, according to the woman?

问题8. 根据女士的说法,热情工作的一个前提条件是什么?

5. What has the woman revealed in her book?
A) Where successful people's strengths come from.
B) Why many people fight so hard for success.
C) How she achieved her life's goal.
D) What makes people successful.
答案 D
解析对话中女士谈到了成功人士的特质和成功的关键,因此正确答案是D。选项A、B和C在对话中没有提及。
6. What do successful people attribute their achievements to?
A) Having someone who has confidence in them.
B) Having someone who is ready to help them.
C) Having a firm belief in their own ability.
D) Having a realistic attitude towards life.
答案 A
解析原文中女士明确指出:'They credit their success to having someone in their life who believes in them.'(他们将成功归因于生活中有人相信他们),即有人对他们抱有信心,对应选项A(Having someone who has confidence in them)。选项C(对自身能力有坚定信念)并非原文所述的归因对象。
定位句They credit their success to having someone in their life who believes in them.
7. What do successful people do when faced with difficulties?
A) They adjust their goals accordingly.
B) They try hard to appear optimistic.
C) They stay positive.
D) They remain calm.
答案 C
解析对话中提到成功人士在面对困难时会保持积极的态度,因此正确答案是C。选项A、B和D在对话中没有提及。
8. What is one prerequisite for passionate work, according to the woman?
A) An understanding leadership.
B) A nurturing environment.
C) Mutual respect among colleagues.
D) Highly cooperative teammates.
答案 B
解析对话中提到,要在工作中保持热情,需要一个培养热情的环境,因此正确答案是B。选项A、C和D在对话中没有提及。
Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Passage 3
听力原文

Passage 1.

篇章一。

The saying blind as a bat simply isn't correct.

俗话说蝙蝠眼瞎,这完全不正确。

The truth is that all 1,100 bat species can see, and often their vision is pretty good, although not as excellent as other night hunting animals.

事实是,所有1100种蝙蝠都能看见,而且它们的视力通常相当好,尽管不如其他夜间狩猎动物那样出色。

There are two main groups of bats which are believed to have evolved independently of each other, but both from a common ancestor.

蝙蝠主要有两大类,它们被认为是独立进化的,但都源自一个共同的祖先。

The first group, known as megabats, are mostly medium-sized or large bats who eat fruits, flowers, and sometimes small animals or fish.

第一类被称为大型蝙蝠,主要是中等或大型蝙蝠,以水果、花朵为食,有时也吃小动物或鱼。

These species have distinctive visual centers and big eyes.

这些物种有独特的视觉中心和大眼睛。

They use senses of vision and smell to capture their prey.

它们利用视觉和嗅觉来捕食猎物。

For example, flying foxes not only see well during daylight, but can also distinguish colors.

例如,狐蝠不仅在白天视力好,还能区分颜色。

They actually rely on their daylight vision and cannot fly during the night with no moonlight.

它们实际上依赖日间视力,在没有月光的夜晚无法飞行。

The second group, called microbats, are smaller in size and mostly eat insects.

第二类称为小型蝙蝠,体型较小,主要以昆虫为食。

These species use echolocation to find their way and identify food.

这些物种利用回声定位来寻找方向和识别食物。

Scientists have proven that despite their poorly developed small eyes, these bats still can see during the day.

科学家已证明,尽管这些蝙蝠的小眼睛发育不良,但它们在白天仍能看见。

When we consider the nightly lifestyle of these bats, we will see they have to be sensitive to the changing light levels because this is how they sense when to start hunting.

当我们考虑这些蝙蝠的夜间生活方式时,我们会发现它们必须对变化的光线水平敏感,因为这是它们感知何时开始狩猎的方式。

Moreover, vision is used by microbats to travel over long distances beyond the range of echolocation.

此外,小型蝙蝠利用视力在回声定位范围之外进行长距离旅行。

So the truth is there are no bats which are naturally blind.

所以事实是,没有蝙蝠是天生失明的。

Some species use their sense of hearing more than their eyes as a matter of adaptation to a particular lifestyle, but their eyes are still functional.

一些物种为了适应特定的生活方式,更依赖听觉而非眼睛,但它们的眼睛仍然功能正常。

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题9到11基于你刚刚听到的篇章。

Question 9. What do we learn about megabats?

问题9. 关于大型蝙蝠,我们了解到什么?

Question 10. How do microbats find their way and identify food?

问题10. 小型蝙蝠如何寻找方向和识别食物?

Question 11. Why do some species of bats use their sense of hearing more than their eyes?

问题11. 为什么一些蝙蝠物种更依赖听觉而非眼睛?

9. What do we learn about megabats?
A) They use their sense of hearing to capture their prey.
B) Their food mainly consists of small animals and fish.
C) They have big eyes and distinctive visual centers.
D) Their ancestor is different from that of micro bats.
答案 C
解析原文在介绍大型蝙蝠(megabats)时指出:'These species have distinctive visual centers and big eyes.'(这些物种有独特的视觉中心和大眼睛),对应选项C。原文说大型蝙蝠靠视觉和嗅觉捕食(vision and smell),而非听觉,故A错误。
定位句These species have distinctive visual centers and big eyes.
10. How do microbats find their way and identify food?
A) With the help of moonlight.
B) By means of echo location.
C) With the aid of daylight vision.
D) By means of vision and smell.
答案 B
解析对话中提到,一些蝙蝠使用回声定位来导航和识别食物,因此正确答案是B。选项A、C和D在对话中没有提及。
11. Why do some species of bats use their sense of hearing more than their eyes?
A) To make up for their natural absence of vision.
B) To adapt themselves to a particular lifestyle.
C) To facilitate their travel over long distances.
D) To survive in the ever-changing weather.
答案 B
解析原文结尾指出:'Some species use their sense of hearing more than their eyes as a matter of adaptation to a particular lifestyle, but their eyes are still functional.'(一些物种为适应特定生活方式而更依赖听觉,但其眼睛仍有功能),对应选项B(适应特定的生活方式)。原文强调它们的眼睛仍然有功能,并非天生缺失视力,故A错误。
定位句Some species use their sense of hearing more than their eyes as a matter of adaptation to a particular lifestyle, but their eyes are still functional.
Passage 4
听力原文

Passage 2.

文章2。

A study has found that educational TV shows come with an added lesson that influences a child's behavior.

一项研究发现,教育电视节目带有一个额外的课程,影响孩子的行为。

Children spending more time watching educational programs increase their emotional aggression toward other children.

花更多时间观看教育节目的孩子会增加对其他孩子的情绪攻击性。

This shows that children can learn the educational lesson that was intended.

这表明孩子可以学到预期的教育课程。

However, they're also learning other things along the way.

然而,他们在此过程中也在学习其他东西。

This unintended impact has to do with the portrayal of conflict in media and how pre-school age children comprehend that conflict.

这种无意的影响与媒体中冲突的描绘以及学龄前儿童如何理解这种冲突有关。

TV and movie producers often incorporate an element of bad behavior.

电视和电影制作人经常加入不良行为的元素。

This is to teach children a lesson at the end of the program.

这是为了在节目结束时教孩子一个教训。

Educational shows have pro-education and pro-social goals.

教育节目具有支持教育和支持社会的目标。

However, conflict between characters is often depicted with characters being unkind to each other, or they may use emotionally aggressive tactics with each other.

然而,角色之间的冲突常常被描绘为角色彼此不友善,或者他们可能使用情绪攻击性的策略。

Pre-school children really don't get the moral of the story.

学龄前儿童真的没有理解故事的寓意。

That's because it requires that they understand how all the parts of the show fit together.

这是因为他们需要理解节目的所有部分如何结合在一起。

You need pretty complicated cognitive skills and memory skills to be able to do that.

你需要相当复杂的认知技能和记忆技能才能做到这一点。

These are still developing in young children.

这些在幼儿中仍在发展中。

However, parents shouldn't completely constrain children's viewing.

然而,父母不应完全限制孩子的观看。

Parents should instead watch with their kids and help them to understand the plot.

父母应该与孩子一起观看,并帮助他们理解情节。

Parents can comment along the way and then explain the message at the end.

父母可以在过程中评论,然后在结束时解释信息。

They should explain how certain types of behavior were not appropriate.

他们应该解释某些类型的行为是不恰当的。

This will help children interpret and get the message and help them learn to watch the show for those messages.

这将帮助孩子理解和获取信息,并帮助他们学会为这些信息而观看节目。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题12到15基于你刚才听到的文章。

Question 12. What does the passage say about children watching educational programs?

问题12. 文章关于孩子观看教育节目说了什么?

Question 13. Why can't preschool children get the moral conveyed in the TV programs?

问题13. 为什么学龄前儿童不能理解电视节目传达的寓意?

Question 14. What does the passage suggest parents do?

问题14. 文章建议父母做什么?

Question 15. What should parents do right after watching the TV program?

问题15. 父母在观看电视节目后应该立即做什么?

12. What does the passage say about children watching educational programs?
A) They acquire knowledge not found in books.
B) They learn how to interact with their peers.
C) They become more emotionally aggressive.
D) They get much better prepared for school.
答案 C
解析对话中提到,观看教育节目的儿童在情感上变得更具侵略性,因此正确答案是C。选项A、B和D在对话中没有提及。
13. Why can't preschool children get the moral conveyed in the TV programs?
A) They are far from emotionally prepared.
B) They tend to be more attracted by images.
C) They can't follow the conflicts in the show.
D) They lack the cognitive and memory skills.
答案 D
解析对话中提到,学龄前儿童缺乏认知和记忆技能,无法理解节目中的冲突,因此正确答案是D。选项A、B和C在对话中没有提及。
14. What does the passage suggest parents do?
A) Choose appropriate programs for their children.
B) Help their children understand the program's plot.
C) Outline the program's plot for their children first.
D) Monitor their children's watching of TV programs.
答案 B
解析对话中提到,父母应该和孩子一起观看节目,并帮助他们理解情节,因此正确答案是B。选项A、C和D在对话中没有提及。
15. What should parents do right after watching the TV program?
A) Explain its message to their children.
B) Check if their children have enjoyed it.
C) Encourage their children to retell the story.
D) Ask their children to describe its characters.
答案 A
解析对话中提到,父母应该在观看节目后向孩子解释节目的信息,因此正确答案是A。选项B、C和D在对话中没有提及。
Section C

Directions: In this section you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Lecture 5
听力原文

Recording 1.

录音1。

While it has long been a practice in Asian countries, many people in Western countries have yet to embrace the no shoes in house rule.

虽然这在亚洲国家早已是一种惯例,但许多西方国家的人们尚未接受进屋脱鞋的规定。

For many in those countries, wiping their shoes before going inside is recorded as sufficient.

在这些国家,许多人认为进屋前擦鞋就足够了。

After all, they may think a little dirt doesn't hurt anyone.

毕竟,他们可能认为一点灰尘不会伤害任何人。

But I can give you several good reasons why people should remove their shoes before going inside their homes.

但我可以给你几个充分的理由,说明为什么人们进屋前应该脱鞋。

Bacteria are everywhere.

细菌无处不在。

They collect on your shoes when you walk along sidewalks, public toilet floors, and even office carpets.

当你走在人行道、公共厕所地板甚至办公室地毯上时,它们会积聚在你的鞋子上。

In one study conducted at an American university, researchers collected microscopic germs from footwear.

在美国一所大学进行的一项研究中,研究人员从鞋类上收集了微生物。

They found that up to 421,000 units of bacteria can collect on the outside of a single shoe.

他们发现,一只鞋的外部可以积聚多达421,000个单位的细菌。

And it only takes a little bit of dirt to damage your timber floors.

而且,只需一点灰尘就能损坏你的木地板。

The more dirt you track in, the more it scratches and the more often you have to clean.

你带入的灰尘越多,划痕就越多,你就需要更频繁地清洁。

The extra scrubbing will harm your floors over time.

额外的擦洗会随着时间的推移损害你的地板。

Shoes can also leave marks and scratches on floors, especially high heels or shoes with pointy or hard parts.

鞋子也可能在地板上留下痕迹和划痕,尤其是高跟鞋或带有尖头或硬质部件的鞋子。

These can dent and scratch your floor.

这些可能会弄凹和划伤你的地板。

And if you live in an apartment building, removing your noisy shoes is the polite thing to do out of consideration for your downstairs neighbors.

如果你住在公寓楼里,出于对楼下邻居的考虑,脱掉吵闹的鞋子是礼貌的做法。

Walking around with bare feet is actually better for your feet.

赤脚走路实际上对你的脚更好。

It strengthens the muscles in your feet.

它能增强你脚部的肌肉。

Though many people are accustomed to wearing shoes during all their waking hours, the more time you spend wearing shoes, the more likely you are to incur foot injuries as a result.

尽管许多人习惯在清醒时一直穿鞋,但你花在穿鞋上的时间越多,就越有可能因此导致脚部受伤。

And if people aren't yet convinced by my arguments, I can give one final reason.

如果人们还没有被我的论点说服,我可以给出最后一个理由。

The dust and toxic chemicals you bring into your house via your shoes can deteriorate the air quality in your home.

你通过鞋子带入家中的灰尘和有毒化学物质会恶化你家的空气质量。

Toxic chemicals are everywhere in our lives.

有毒化学物质在我们的生活中无处不在。

Insect-killing chemicals used on public grass areas, cleaning chemicals on the floors of public areas.

公共草坪上使用的杀虫化学物质,公共区域地板上的清洁化学物质。

By kicking off your shoes before you enter the home, you are denying entry to these harmful chemicals.

在进屋前脱掉鞋子,你就阻止了这些有害化学物质的进入。

Given the amount of time we spend in classrooms and the number of shoes that pass through them every day, you may well understand me if I were to propose a no-shoes-in-the-classroom rule.

考虑到我们在教室里度过的时间以及每天经过教室的鞋子数量,如果我提出教室禁鞋规定,你可能会很理解我。

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the lecture you have just heard.

第16至18题基于你刚才听到的讲座。

Question 16. Why don't many Westerners take off shoes before entering a house?

问题16. 为什么许多西方人进屋前不脱鞋?

Question 17. What is the finding of one study by researchers at an American university?

问题17. 美国一所大学研究人员的一项研究发现了什么?

Question 18. What is the final reason the speaker gives for removing shoes before entering a house?

问题18. 演讲者给出的进屋前脱鞋的最后一个理由是什么?

16. Why don't many Westerners take off shoes before entering a house?
A) They are afraid of injuring their feet.
B) They have never developed the habit.
C) They believe a little dirt harms no one.
D) They find it rather troublesome to do so.
答案 C
解析对话中提到,许多西方人认为鞋子上的一点污垢不会伤害任何人,因此正确答案是C。选项A、B和D在对话中没有提及。
17. What is the finding of one study by researchers at an American university?
A) Different types of bacteria existed on public-toilet floors.
B) There were more bacteria on sidewalks than in the home.
C) Office carpets collected more bacteria than elsewhere.
D) A large number of bacteria collected on a single shoe.
答案 D
解析对话中提到,研究发现单只鞋上可以收集高达421,000单位的细菌,因此正确答案是D。选项A、B和C在对话中没有提及。
18. What is the final reason the speaker gives for removing shoes before entering a house?
A) The chemicals on shoes can deteriorate air quality.
B) Shoes can upset family members with their noise.
C) The marks left by shoes are hard to erase.
D) Shoes can leave scratches on the floor.
答案 A
解析对话中提到,通过鞋子带入家中的灰尘和有毒化学物质会恶化室内空气质量,因此正确答案是A。选项B、C和D在对话中没有提及。
Lecture 6
听力原文

Recording 2.

录音2。

Emotions are an essential and inseparable part of our consciousness.

情感是我们意识中一个本质且不可分割的部分。

They are part of a built-in mechanism which allows us to cope with the ups and downs of our lives, both physically and mentally.

它们是一种内置机制的一部分,使我们能够应对生活中的起伏,无论是身体上还是精神上。

When we hide our emotions and our true feelings, we stop being genuine, spontaneous, and authentic in our relationships.

当我们隐藏情感和真实感受时,我们在关系中就不再真诚、自然和真实。

When we put on cultivated and polished faces in the company of others, we stop being true to ourselves.

当我们在他人面前摆出精心修饰的面孔时,我们就不再忠于自己。

Socially, it may be a good tactic to hide our true emotions, but morally it is also a breach of faith and trust.

在社交上,隐藏真实情感可能是一个好策略,但在道德上,这也是对信任和信用的违背。

Although humans are more advanced and intelligent, animals are more genuine and authentic in their behavior and responses than human beings.

尽管人类更先进和聪明,但动物在行为和反应上比人类更真诚和真实。

The more educated we are, the less transparent and reliable we become.

我们受教育程度越高,就越不透明和不可靠。

We are drawn to our pets because pets do not lie.

我们被宠物吸引,因为宠物不会说谎。

One of the first steps in dealing with emotions such as anger or fear is to acknowledge them as normal and human.

处理愤怒或恐惧等情感的第一步是承认它们是正常和人性的。

There is nothing sinful or immoral about being emotional unless your emotions make you inhuman, insensitive, and cruel to others.

情感化本身没有罪恶或不道德之处,除非你的情感使你变得不人道、不敏感和对他人残酷。

Feelings of guilt associated with emotions are more devastating and damaging than the experience of emotion itself.

与情感相关的内疚感比情感体验本身更具破坏性和损害性。

So when you deal with the problem of emotions, you should learn not only how to control them, but also how to accept them and manage the guilt and anguish arising from them.

所以当你处理情感问题时,你应该学会不仅如何控制它们,还要如何接受它们并管理由此产生的内疚和痛苦。

Our brains are made up of a primitive inner core and a more evolved and rational outer core.

我们的大脑由原始的内心核心和更进化、理性的外围核心组成。

Most of the time, the rational part of the mind controls the information coming from the primitive core and makes its own decisions as to what to do and how to respond.

大多数时候,心灵的理性部分控制来自原始核心的信息,并自行决定做什么和如何反应。

However, during critical situations, especially when a threat is perceived, the outer core loses control and fails to regulate the impulses and instinctive responses coming from the primitive brain.

然而,在危急情况下,特别是当感知到威胁时,外围核心失去控制,无法调节来自原始大脑的冲动和本能反应。

As a result, we let disturbing thoughts and emotions arise in our consciousness and surrender to our primitive behavior.

结果,我们让困扰的思想和情感在意识中产生,并屈服于原始行为。

In times of emotional turmoil, remember that emotions arise because your senses are wired to the primitive part of your mind which is self-regulated, autonomous, and spontaneous.

在情感动荡时期,记住情感产生是因为你的感官连接到心灵的原始部分,这部分是自我调节、自主和自发的。

Your rational mind does not always deal with the messages coming from it effectively.

你的理性心灵并不总是有效处理来自它的信息。

These messages are part of your survival mechanism and should not be stifled simply because emotions are unhealthy and betray your weaknesses.

这些信息是你生存机制的一部分,不应仅仅因为情感不健康或暴露你的弱点而受到压制。

When emotions arise, instead of stifling them, pay attention to them and try to understand the messages they are trying to deliver.

当情感产生时,与其压制它们,不如关注它们并试图理解它们试图传达的信息。

This way, you make use of your emotions without losing your balance and inner stability.

这样,你利用情感而不失去平衡和内在稳定。

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the lecture you have just heard.

问题19至22基于你刚听过的讲座。

Question 19. What does the speaker say about hiding one's emotions?

问题19. 演讲者关于隐藏情感说了什么?

Question 20. What should we do first in dealing with emotions?

问题20. 在处理情感时,我们应该首先做什么?

Question 21. What are we advised to do when emotions arise?

问题21. 当情感产生时,我们被建议做什么?

19. What does the speaker say about hiding one's emotions?
A) It is sinful and immoral.
B) It is deemed uncivilized.
C) It is an uncontrollable behavior.
D) It is a violation of faith and trust.
答案 D
解析对话中提到,隐藏情感在道德上是对信任的违背,因此正确答案是D。选项A、B和C在对话中没有提及。
20. What should we do first in dealing with emotions?
A) Assess their consequences.
B) Guard against their harm.
C) Accept them as normal.
D) Find out their causes.
答案 C
解析原文指出:'One of the first steps in dealing with emotions such as anger or fear is to acknowledge them as normal and human.'(处理愤怒或恐惧等情感的第一步是承认它们是正常和人性的),即接受它们是正常的,对应选项C(Accept them as normal)。选项D(找出原因)原文未提及。
定位句One of the first steps in dealing with emotions such as anger or fear is to acknowledge them as normal and human.
21. What are we advised to do when emotions arise?
A) Try to understand what messages they convey.
B) Pay attention to their possible consequences.
C) Consider them from different perspectives.
D) Make sure they are brought under control.
答案 A
解析对话中提到,当情感出现时,我们不应该压抑它们,而应该关注它们并尝试理解它们试图传达的信息,因此正确答案是A。选项B、C和D在对话中没有提及。
Lecture 7
听力原文

Recording 3.

录音3。

Good morning class.

同学们,早上好。

My topic today is how to feed a hungry world.

我今天的主题是如何喂养一个饥饿的世界。

The world's population is expected to grow from 6.

预计世界人口将从68亿增长。

8 billion today to 9.

从今天的80亿到90亿。

1 billion by 2050.

到2050年达到91亿。

Meanwhile, the world's population more than doubled from 3 billion between 1961 and 2007.

与此同时,世界人口在1961年至2007年间从30亿翻了一番多。

Simultaneously, food production has been constrained by a lack of scientific research.

同时,粮食生产因缺乏科学研究而受到限制。

Still, the task of feeding the world's population in 2050 seems easily possible.

尽管如此,到2050年喂养世界人口的任务似乎很容易实现。

What is needed is a second green revolution.

需要的是第二次绿色革命。

This is an approach that is described as the sustainable growth of global agriculture.

这是一种被描述为全球农业可持续增长的方法。

Such a revolution will require a wholesale shift of priorities in agricultural research.

这样的革命将需要农业研究重点的全面转变。

There is an urgent need for new crop varieties.

迫切需要新的作物品种。

They must offer higher yields but use less water, nitrogen rich fertilizers, or other inputs.

它们必须提供更高的产量,但使用更少的水、富氮肥料或其他投入。

These new crops must also be more resistant to drought, heat, and pests.

这些新作物还必须更耐旱、耐热和抗病虫害。

Equally crucial is lower tech research into basics such as crop rotation and mixed farming of animals and plants on small farms.

同样关键的是对基础方面的低技术研究,如作物轮作和小农场动植物混合养殖。

Developing nations could score substantial gains in productivity by making better use of modern technologies and practices but that requires money.

发展中国家可以通过更好地利用现代技术和实践来大幅提高生产力,但这需要资金。

It is estimated that to meet the 2050 challenge, investment must double to 83 billion U .

据估计,为了应对2050年的挑战,投资必须翻倍至830亿

S.

美国

dollars a year.

美元一年。

Most of that money needs to go towards improving agricultural infrastructure.

大部分资金需要用于改善农业基础设施。

Everything from production to storage and processing must improve.

从生产到储存和加工的一切都必须改善。

However, research agendas need to be focused on the needs of the poorest and most resource-limited countries.

然而,研究议程需要关注最贫穷和资源最有限国家的需求。

It is there that most of the world's population lives and it is there that population growth over the next decades will be the greatest.

正是在那里,世界大部分人口居住,并且在未来几十年,那里的人口增长将是最大的。

To their credit, the world's agricultural scientists are embracing such a broad view.

值得赞扬的是,世界农业科学家正在接受这种广泛的观点。

In March, for example, they came together at the first global conference on agricultural research to begin working out how to change research agendas to help meet the needs of farmers in poorer nations.

例如,在三月,他们齐聚第一届全球农业研究会议,开始研究如何改变研究议程以帮助满足较贫穷国家农民的需求。

But these plans will not bear fruit unless they get considerably more support from policymakers.

但这些计划不会取得成果,除非它们得到政策制定者的更多支持。

The growth in public agricultural research spending peaked in the 1970s and has been shrinking ever since.

公共农业研究支出的增长在1970年代达到顶峰,此后一直在缩减。

The big exception is China, where spending has far surpassed other countries over the past decade.

一个重大的例外是中国,在过去十年中,其支出远远超过了其他国家。

China seems set to transition to become the key supplier of relevant science and technology to poorer countries.

中国似乎正转变为向较贫穷国家提供相关科学技术的关键供应者。

But developed countries have a humanitarian responsibility too.

但发达国家也有人道主义责任。

Calls by scientists for large increases in the appropriation of funds for public spending on agricultural research are more than justified.

科学家呼吁大幅增加公共农业研究资金拨款是完全合理的。

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the lecture you have just heard.

问题23至25基于你刚才听到的讲座。

Question 22. What is an urgent need for feeding the world's population in 2050, according to the speaker?

问题22。根据演讲者,到2050年喂养世界人口的迫切需要是什么?

Question 23. Where should most of the money be invested to feed the ever-growing population?

问题23。应该将大部分资金投资在哪里以喂养不断增长的人口?

Question 24. Why does the speaker give credit to the world's agricultural scientists?

问题24。为什么演讲者赞扬世界农业科学家?

Question 25. What makes China exceptional in comparison with the rest of the world? That's the end of listening comprehension.

问题25。与世界其他地区相比,是什么使中国与众不同?听力理解到此结束。

22. What is an urgent need for feeding the world's population in 2050, according to the speaker?
A) Cultivation of new varieties of crops.
B) Measures to cope with climate change.
C) Development of more effective pesticides.
D) Application of more nitrogen-rich fertilizers.
答案 A
解析对话中提到,为了在2050年养活世界人口,需要种植新的作物品种,因此正确答案是A。选项B、C和D在对话中没有提及。
23. Where should most of the money be invested to feed the ever-growing population?
A) The expansion of farmland in developing countries.
B) The research on crop rotation in developing countries.
C) The cooperation of the world's agricultural scientists.
D) The improvement of agricultural infrastructure.
答案 D
解析对话中提到,为了养活不断增长的人口,大部分资金需要投资于改善农业基础设施,因此正确答案是D。选项A、B和C在对话中没有提及。
24. Why does the speaker give credit to the world's agricultural scientists?
A) For encouraging farmers to embrace new farming techniques.
B) For aligning their research with advances in farming technology.
C) For turning their focus to the needs of farmers in poorer countries.
D) For cooperating closely with policymakers in developing countries.
答案 C
解析对话中提到,世界农业科学家值得称赞,因为他们将研究重点转向了较贫穷国家农民的需求,因此正确答案是C。选项A、B和D在对话中没有提及。
25. What makes China exceptional in comparison with the rest of the world? That's the end of listening comprehension.
A) Rapid transition to become a food exporter.
B) Substantial funding in agricultural research
C) Quick rise to become a leading grain producer.
D) Assumption of humanitarian responsibilities.
答案 B
解析对话中提到,中国在农业研究方面的资金投入远超其他国家,因此正确答案是B。选项A、C和D在对话中没有提及。