2017年06月四级第2套仔细阅读 Passage 1 原文翻译及答案解析

The Urbanization — migration away from the suburbs to the city center — will be the biggest real estate trend in 2015, according to a new report.

根据一份新报告，城市化——从郊区向市中心迁移——将成为2015年最大的房地产趋势。

The report says America's urbanization will continue to be the most significant issue affecting the industry, as cities across the country imitate the walkability and transit-oriented development making cities like New York and San Francisco so successful.

报告称，美国的城市化将继续成为影响该行业的最重大问题，因为全国各地的城市都在模仿纽约和旧金山等城市的步行便利性和以公共交通为导向的发展模式。

As smaller cities copy the model of these "24-hour cities," more affordable versions of these places will be created. The report refers to this as the coming of the "18-hour city," and uses the term to refer to cities like Houston, Austin, Charlotte, and Nashville, which are "positioning themselves as highly competitive, in terms of livability, employment offerings, and recreational and cultural facilities."

随着较小城市模仿这些“24小时城市”的模式，将创造出更多这些地方的更实惠版本。报告将此称为“18小时城市”的到来，并用这个术语指代休斯顿、奥斯汀、夏洛特和纳什维尔等城市，这些城市“在宜居性、就业机会以及休闲和文化设施方面，将自己定位为极具竞争力。”

Another trend that looks significant in 2015 is that America's largest population group, Millennials (千禧一代), will continue to put off buying a house. Apartments will retain their appeal for a while for Millennials, haunted by what happened to home-owning parents.

另一个在2015年看起来重要的趋势是，美国最大的人口群体——千禧一代——将继续推迟购房。公寓对千禧一代仍将保持一段时间的吸引力，因为他们对父母拥有房屋所发生的事感到担忧。

This trend will continue into the 2020s, the report projects. After that, survey respondents disagree over whether this generation will follow in their parents' footsteps, moving to the suburbs to raise families, or will choose to remain in the city center.

报告预测，这一趋势将持续到2020年代。之后，调查受访者对这一代人是否会效仿父母，搬到郊区抚养家庭，还是选择留在市中心存在分歧。

Another issue affecting real estate in the coming year will be America's failing infrastructure. Most roads, bridges, transit, water systems, the electric grid, and communications networks were installed 50 to 100 years ago, and they are largely taken for granted until they fail.

另一个影响明年房地产的问题将是美国失败的基础设施。大多数道路、桥梁、交通、供水系统、电网和通信网络是在50到100年前安装的，它们大多被理所当然地使用，直到出现故障。

The report's writers state that America's failure to invest in infrastructure impacts not only the health of the real-estate market, but also our ability to remain globally competitive.

报告作者指出，美国在基础设施投资上的失败不仅影响房地产市场的健康，还影响我们保持全球竞争力的能力。

Apart from the specific trends highlighted above, which cause some investors to worry, the report portrays an overall optimism borne by the recent healthy real-estate "upcycle" and improving economy. Seventy-four percent of the respondents surveyed report a "good to excellent" expectation of real-estate profitability in 2015. While excessive optimism can promote bad investment patterns, resulting in a real- estate "bubble," the report's writers downplay that potential outcome in that it has not yet occurred.

除了上述引起一些投资者担忧的具体趋势外，报告描绘了由近期健康的房地产“上升周期”和改善的经济带来的整体乐观情绪。74%的受访调查者对2015年房地产盈利性预期为“良好到优秀”。虽然过度乐观可能助长不良投资模式，导致房地产“泡沫”，但报告作者淡化了这种潜在结果，因为它尚未发生。