2024年12月四级第1套仔细阅读 Passage 1 原文翻译及答案解析

The weakening of the human connection to nature might be good for economic growth but is bad for people. A tipping point was reached in 2020 when human-made materials - such as steel, concrete and plastic - were found to weigh more than all life on Earth. Continuing to grow concrete forests rather than real ones is shortsighted. Simply being in the nearest wood has such health benefits that the Woodland Trust successfully lobbied for it to be prescribed by doctors. Yet slipping from popular culture is the wonder and beauty of the natural world. For every three nature-related words in hit songs of the 1950s, researchers found, there was only slightly more than one 50 years later. It is not a moment too soon that teenagers will be able to take a natural history test, given that for decades children have been able to name more video game characters than wildlife species. Part of remedying this social disease would be for parliament to pass a "right to grow" law, allowing anyone to turn underused public spaces into vegetable and fruit gardens. The idea is for people to get back in touch with the soil - while producing food sustainably. Vegetable planting has a respectable tradition. In April 1649, locals responded to high prices and food shortages by cultivating vegetables on common land in Southern England. The practice of throwing seed bombs to turn vacant plots of land green took off in 1970s New York, and has been revived by green-thumbed social media influencers who defy local US regulations in a war on ugly spots in cities.

人类与自然联系的减弱可能对经济增长有益，但对人类有害。2020年，当发现人造材料——如钢铁、混凝土和塑料——的重量超过地球上所有生命时，达到了一个临界点。继续建造混凝土森林而非真正的森林是目光短浅的。仅仅是待在最近的树林里就有如此多的健康益处，以至于林地信托成功游说医生将其作为处方。然而，自然世界的奇迹和美丽正从流行文化中消失。研究人员发现，在1950年代的热门歌曲中，每三个与自然相关的词，50年后只有一个多一点。青少年将能够参加自然历史测试，这再及时不过了，因为几十年来，孩子们能说出的电子游戏角色比野生动物物种还多。补救这种社会疾病的一部分将是议会通过一项“种植权”法律，允许任何人将未充分利用的公共空间转变为蔬菜和水果园。这个想法是让人们重新接触土壤——同时可持续地生产食物。蔬菜种植有着值得尊敬的传统。1649年4月，当地居民通过在英格兰南部的公地上种植蔬菜来应对高价格和食物短缺。通过投掷种子炸弹使空地变绿的做法在1970年代的纽约兴起，并被那些在美国城市中挑战地方法规、对抗丑陋角落的园艺高手社交媒体影响者复兴。

Apart from the urgent task of providing more healthy nutrients to those who increasingly can't afford them, publicly accessible fruit and vegetable gardens connect what we eat to where it comes from - the means of production, if you will. They can make unlovely spaces lovely, and marry use and beauty as well as help promote a sense of community. Plants are also, of course, our first defence against species loss and climate change. Such planting is a small step for humanity - in the right direction.

除了为那些越来越负担不起健康营养的人提供更多健康营养这一紧迫任务外，公共可访问的果蔬园将我们所吃的食物与其来源——生产资料，如果你愿意这么说的话——联系起来。它们可以使不美观的空间变得可爱，并将实用性与美观结合起来，同时有助于促进社区意识。当然，植物也是我们对抗物种丧失和气候变化的第一道防线。这样的种植是人类的一小步——朝着正确的方向。