2017年12月四级第3套听力原文及答案解析

News Report 1.

新闻报道1。

A nine-year-old girl in New Mexico has raised more than $500 for her little brother who needs heart surgery in Houston, Texas, this July.

新墨西哥州一名九岁女孩为她在德克萨斯州休斯顿需要心脏手术的弟弟筹集了超过500美元。

Addison Witalski's grandmother, Kim Allred, said Addison probably overheard a conversation between family members talking about the funds needed to get her little brother to treatment.

艾迪生·维塔尔斯基的祖母金·奥尔德说，艾迪生可能无意中听到了家人之间关于筹款送她弟弟去治疗的谈话。

I guess she overheard her grandfather and me talking about how we are worried about how we are going to get to Houston for my grandson's heart surgery, said Allred.

我猜她无意中听到了我和她祖父关于我们如何担心如何前往休斯顿为孙子进行心脏手术的谈话，奥尔德说。

She decided to go outside and have a lemonade stand and make some drawings and pictures and sell them.

她决定出去摆一个柠檬水摊，并制作一些画作和图片出售。

That's when Addison and her friends, Erica and Emily Borden, decided to sell lemonade for 50 cents a cup and sell pictures for 25 cents each.

就在那时，艾迪生和她的朋友埃里卡和艾米丽·博登决定以每杯50美分的价格出售柠檬水，每幅图片以25美分出售。

Before Allred knew it, New Mexico State Police officers were among the many stopping by, helping them reach a total of $568.

奥尔德还没意识到，新墨西哥州警察就和许多人一起光顾，帮助他们筹集了总计568美元。

The family turned to social media, expressing their gratitude, saying, From the bottom of our hearts, we would like to deeply thank each and every person that stopped by.

这家人转向社交媒体表达感激之情，说：'我们衷心感谢每一位光顾的人。'

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题1和2基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 1. Who did Addison raise money for?

问题1. 艾迪生为谁筹款？

Question 2. How did Addison raise money?

问题2. 艾迪生如何筹款？

News Report 2.

新闻报道2。

Last week, France announced that the country will pave 621 miles of road with solar panels over the next five years, with the goal of providing cheap, renewable energy to 5 million people.

上周，法国宣布将在未来五年内用太阳能板铺设621英里的道路，目标是为500万人提供廉价、可再生的能源。

Called the Wattway, the roads will be built through joint efforts with the French road-building company Colas and the National Institute of Solar Energy.

这些道路被称为Wattway，将与法国道路建设公司Colas和国家太阳能研究所合作建造。

The company spent the last five years developing solar panels that are only about a quarter of an inch thick and are strong enough to stand up to heavy highway traffic without breaking or making the roads more slippery.

该公司花了过去五年时间开发仅约四分之一英寸厚的太阳能板，这些板足够坚固，能够承受繁忙的高速公路交通而不会破裂或使道路更滑。

The panels are also designed so that they can be installed directly on top of existing roadways, making them relatively cheap and easy to install.

这些板还被设计为可以直接安装在现有道路之上，使其相对便宜且易于安装。

France isn't the first country to kick around the idea of paving its roads with solar panels.

法国并不是第一个考虑用太阳能板铺设道路的国家。

In November 2015, the Netherlands completed a 229-foot-long bike path paved with solar panels as a test for future projects.

2015年11月，荷兰完成了一条229英尺长的自行车道，用太阳能板铺设，作为未来项目的测试。

However, this is the first time a panel has been designed to be laid directly on top of existing roads and the first project to install the panels on public highways.

然而，这是第一次设计出可以直接铺设在现有道路上的太阳能板，也是第一个在公共高速公路上安装这种板的项目。

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题3和4基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 3. What was France's purpose of constructing the Wattway?

问题3。法国建造Wattway的目的是什么？

Question 4. What is special about the solar panels used in the Wattway?

问题4。Wattway中使用的太阳能板有何特别之处？

News Report 3.

新闻报道3。

Lions have disappeared from much of Africa.

狮子已经从非洲大部分地区消失。

But for the past few years, scientists have wondered if the big cats were hanging on in remote parts of Sudan and Ethiopia.

但在过去几年里，科学家们一直在想，这些大型猫科动物是否还在苏丹和埃塞俄比亚的偏远地区存活。

Continuous fighting in the region has made surveys difficult.

该地区持续的冲突使得调查变得困难。

But scientists released a report Monday documenting, with hard evidence, the discovery of lost lions.

但科学家们周一发布了一份报告，用确凿证据记录了对失落狮子的发现。

A team with Oxford University's Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, supported by a charity organisation, spent two nights in November camping in a national park in northwest Ethiopia, on the Ethiopia-Sudan border.

牛津大学野生动物保护研究小组的一个团队，在一家慈善组织的支持下，于11月在埃塞俄比亚西北部、埃塞俄比亚-苏丹边境的一个国家公园里露营了两晚。

The researchers set out six camera traps capturing images of lions and they identified lion tracks.

研究人员设置了六个相机陷阱来捕捉狮子的图像，并识别了狮子的踪迹。

The scientists concluded that lions are also likely to live in a neighbouring national park across the border in Sudan.

科学家们得出结论，狮子也很可能生活在苏丹境内边境对面的邻近国家公园中。

The International Union for Conservation of Nature had previously considered the area a possible range for the species and local people had reported seeing lions in the area, but no one presented convincing evidence.

国际自然保护联盟此前曾认为该地区是该物种可能的分布区，当地居民也报告在该地区看到过狮子，但没有人提供令人信服的证据。

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题5到7基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 5. What has made it difficult to survey lions in remote parts of Sudan and Ethiopia?

问题5。是什么使得调查苏丹和埃塞俄比亚偏远地区的狮子变得困难？

Question 6. What was the main purpose of the research?

问题6。这项研究的主要目的是什么？

Question 7. What did the researchers find in the national park?

问题7。研究人员在国家公园里发现了什么？

Conversation 1.

对话1.

M: I bet you're looking forward to the end of this month, aren't you?

我打赌你盼望着这个月底，不是吗？

F: Yes, I am.

是的，我是。

F: How did you know?

你怎么知道的？

M: David told me you had a special birthday coming up.

大卫告诉我你有个特别的生日即将到来。

F: Oh, yes, that's right.

哦，是的，没错。

F: This year will be my golden birthday.

今年将是我的黄金生日。

M: What does that mean?

那是什么意思？

M: I've never heard of a golden birthday.

我从未听说过黄金生日。

F: I've actually just learned of this concept myself, fortunately, just in time to celebrate.

实际上我自己也刚了解这个概念，幸好，刚好及时庆祝。

F: A golden or lucky birthday is when one turns the age of their birth date.

黄金生日或幸运生日是指一个人年龄达到其出生日期的数字时。

F: So, for example, my sister's birthday is December 9th and her golden birthday would have been the year she turned nine years old.

所以，例如，我姐姐的生日是12月9日，她的黄金生日应该是她九岁那年。

F: Come to think of it, my parents did throw her a surprise party that year.

想起来了，我父母那年确实给她办了一个惊喜派对。

M: Interesting.

有趣。

M: Too bad I've missed mine.

真可惜我错过了我的。

M: My golden birthday would have been four years ago.

我的黄金生日应该是四年前。

M: I assume you've got big plans then.

那我猜你有大计划了。

F: Actually, yes.

实际上，是的。

F: My husband is planning a surprise holiday for the two of us next week.

我丈夫正在计划下周给我们俩一个惊喜假期。

F: I've no idea what he's got in mind, but I'm excited to find out.

我不知道他有什么想法，但我很兴奋想去发现。

F: Has he mentioned anything to you?

他向你提过什么吗？

M: He might have.

他可能提过。

F: Anything you'd like to share?

你有什么想分享的吗？

F: I'm dying to know what kind of trip he has planned or where we're going.

我迫不及待想知道他计划了什么样的旅行或我们要去哪里。

M: You know nothing at all?

你一点都不知道吗？

F: Not a clue.

一点线索都没有。

F: Hard to imagine, isn't it?

很难想象，不是吗？

F: Though I must say, I think he's been having even more fun keeping this secret from me the past few weeks.

不过我得说，我觉得过去几周他瞒着我保守这个秘密甚至更开心。

M: I'm sure both of you will have a fantastic time.

我肯定你们俩会度过美好时光。

M: Happy golden birthday.

黄金生日快乐。

M: I can't wait to hear all about it when you get back.

等你回来，我迫不及待想听听所有细节。

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题8到11基于你刚刚听到的对话。

Question 8. What is the woman looking forward to?

问题8。这位女士在期待什么？

Question 9. What did the woman's parents do on her sister's lucky birthday?

问题9。这位女士的父母在她姐姐的幸运生日做了什么？

Question 10. What is the woman eager to find out about?

问题10。这位女士急于了解什么？

Question 11. What does the man say at the end of the conversation?

问题11。对话结束时这位男士说了什么？

Conversation 2.

对话2。

F: Mr Green, what do you think makes a successful negotiator?

格林先生，您认为什么造就了一个成功的谈判者？

M: Well, that's hard to define.

嗯，这很难定义。

M: But I think successful negotiators have several things in common.

但我认为成功的谈判者有几个共同点。

M: They are always polite and rational people.

他们总是礼貌且理性的人。

M: They are firm, but flexible.

他们坚定，但灵活。

M: They can recognize power and know how to use it.

他们能识别权力并知道如何使用它。

M: They are sensitive to the dynamics of a negotiation, the way it rises and falls, and how it may change direction.

他们对谈判的动态很敏感，包括谈判的起伏以及它可能如何改变方向。

M: They project an image of confidence.

他们展现出自信的形象。

M: And, perhaps most importantly, they know when to stop.

而且，也许最重要的是，他们知道何时停止。

F: And what about an unsuccessful negotiator?

那么，不成功的谈判者呢？

M: Well, this is probably all of us when we start out.

嗯，这可能就是我们所有人刚开始时的状态。

M: We are probably immature and over-trusting, too emotional or aggressive.

我们可能不成熟且过度信任，太情绪化或具攻击性。

M: We are unsure of ourselves, and we want to be liked by everyone.

我们对自己不确定，并且希望被每个人喜欢。

M: Good negotiators learn fast.

优秀的谈判者学得很快。

M: Poor negotiators remain like that and go on losing negotiations.

糟糕的谈判者保持那样，继续输掉谈判。

F: In your opinion, can the skills of negotiation be taught?

在您看来，谈判技巧可以教吗？

M: Well, you can teach someone how to prepare for negotiation.

嗯，你可以教某人如何为谈判做准备。

M: There are perhaps six stages in every negotiation.

每次谈判可能有六个阶段。

M: Get to know the other side.

了解对方。

M: State your goals.

陈述你的目标。

M: Start the process.

开始过程。

M: Clarify areas of disagreement or conflict.

澄清分歧或冲突的领域。

M: Reassess your position.

重新评估你的立场。

M: Making acceptable compromises.

做出可接受的妥协。

M: And finally, reach some agreement in principle.

最后，达成一些原则性协议。

M: These stages can be studied, and the strategies to be used in each can be planned beforehand.

这些阶段可以研究，并且每个阶段使用的策略可以事先计划。

M: But I think the really successful negotiator is probably born with a sixth sense about responding appropriately to the situation at hand.

但我认为真正成功的谈判者可能天生就有对当前情况做出适当反应的第六感。

F: The artistic sense you've just described?

您刚才描述的艺术感？

M: Yes, that's right.

是的，没错。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题12到15基于你刚刚听到的对话。

Question 12. What does the man say about good negotiators?

问题12. 这位男士对优秀谈判者有什么看法？

Question 13. What does the man say may be the most important thing to a successful negotiator?

问题13. 这位男士说对成功谈判者来说最重要的事情可能是什么？

Question 14. How is a good negotiator different from a poor one?

问题14. 优秀谈判者与糟糕谈判者有何不同？

Question 15. What is the first stage of a negotiation, according to the man?

问题15. 根据这位男士，谈判的第一个阶段是什么？

Passage 1.

段落1。

Some people wonder why countries spend millions of dollars on space projects.

有些人想知道为什么国家要在太空项目上花费数百万美元。

They want to know how space research helps people on Earth.

他们想知道太空研究如何帮助地球上的人们。

Actually, space technology helps people on Earth every day.

实际上，太空技术每天都在帮助地球上的人们。

This is called spin-off technology.

这被称为衍生技术。

Spin-off technology is space technology that is now used on Earth.

衍生技术是现在地球上使用的太空技术。

In early space programs, such as the Apollo missions of the 1960s and 1970s, and in the space shuttle missions today, scientists developed objects for the astronauts to use on the Moon and in space.

在早期的太空计划中，如1960年代和1970年代的阿波罗任务，以及今天的航天飞机任务，科学家们开发了供宇航员在月球和太空中使用的物品。

We now use some of these objects every day.

我们现在每天使用其中的一些物品。

For example, we have quartz crystal clocks and watches accurate to within one minute a year.

例如，我们有石英晶体钟表，其精确度可达一年内误差不超过一分钟。

We purify the water we drink with a water filter designed for the astronauts' use in space.

我们使用为宇航员在太空中使用而设计的滤水器来净化饮用水。

The cordless, handheld tools we use in our homes, such as vacuum cleaners, flashlights, drills and saws, came from the technology of these early space programs.

我们在家中使用的无线手持工具，如吸尘器、手电筒、电钻和锯子，都源于这些早期太空计划的技术。

On cold winter days, we can stay warm with battery-operated gloves and socks, and specially made coats and jackets.

在寒冷的冬日，我们可以使用电池驱动的手套和袜子，以及特制的外套和夹克来保暖。

All of these clothes are similar to the spacesuit designs that kept astronauts comfortable in the temperatures of the Moon, in our spin-offs from space technology.

所有这些衣服都类似于太空服设计，这些设计让宇航员在月球的温度下保持舒适，是太空技术的衍生产品。

These products are only a few examples of the many ways space technology helps us in our everyday lives.

这些产品只是太空技术在日常生活中帮助我们的众多方式中的几个例子。

No one knows how new spin-off technology from the International Space Station will help us in the future.

没有人知道国际空间站的新衍生技术将如何在未来帮助我们。

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题16至18基于你刚刚听到的段落。

Question 16. What do some people want to know about space exploration?

问题16. 有些人想知道关于太空探索的什么？

Question 17. What did scientists do for the space shuttle missions?

问题17. 科学家们为航天飞机任务做了什么？

Question 18. What does the speaker say about quartz crystal clocks and watches?

问题18. 说话者说了什么关于石英晶体钟表？

Passage 2.

短文二。

Well, if I could go back in history and live, I'd like to go back to the 18th century and perhaps in colonial America, in Yankee, New England, where one of my ancestors lived, because it was the beginning of something.

嗯，如果我能回到历史中生活，我想回到18世纪，也许是在殖民时期的美国，在扬基，新英格兰，那里是我的一位祖先居住的地方，因为那是某种开始。

By the 18th century, there was a feeling of community that had grown.

到了18世纪，社区感已经逐渐形成。

My ancestor was a preacher travelling around the countryside.

我的祖先是名传教士，在乡村四处游历。

People lived in small communities.

人们生活在小型社区中。

There were fishermen and farmers who provided fresh food that tasted and looked like food.

有渔夫和农民提供新鲜食物，这些食物尝起来和看起来都像真正的食物。

Unlike that in today's supermarkets.

不像今天超市里的食物那样。

And they were small towns, and New York wasn't that far away.

而且它们是小城镇，纽约也不是那么远。

I'm deeply attached to the Puritan tradition.

我深深依恋清教徒传统。

Not in a religious sense, but they believed in working for something, working for goals.

不是在宗教意义上，而是他们相信为某事工作，为实现目标而努力。

And I like that.

而且我喜欢那样。

They worked hard at whatever they did, but they had a sense of achievement.

他们无论做什么都努力工作，但他们有一种成就感。

They believed in goodness, in community, in helping one another.

他们相信善良、社区和互助。

I love the colonial fabrics, all the silver work, the furnishings, the combination of elegance and simplicity, I love it.

我喜欢殖民时期的织物、所有的银器、家具、优雅与简洁的结合，我热爱这一切。

The printing, the books, I'm very attached to all that kind of thing.

印刷品、书籍，我非常依恋所有这类东西。

It may not all be very entertaining in the modern sense of the word, but I would have enjoyed spending my evenings in that environment, discussing new ideas, building a new world.

在现代意义上，这可能不都很有趣，但我会喜欢在那种环境中度过夜晚，讨论新思想，建设新世界。

And I can see myself sitting on a small chair by the fire doing needlework.

我能想象自己坐在火炉旁的小椅子上做针线活。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题19到21基于你刚才听到的短文。

Question 19. Why does the speaker say she would like to go back and live in the 18th century America?

问题19：说话者为什么说她想回到18世纪的美国生活？

Question 20. What does the speaker say about the Puritans?

问题20：说话者对清教徒有什么看法？

Question 21. What would the speaker like doing if she could go back to the past?

问题21：如果说话者能回到过去，她喜欢做什么？

Passage 3.

段落3。

If you are lost in the woods, a little knowledge can turn what some people call a hardship into an enjoyable stay away from the troubles of modern society.

如果你在森林中迷路，一点知识就能把一些人所谓的困难变成远离现代社会烦恼的愉快停留。

When you think you are lost, sit down on a log or a rock or lean against a tree and recite something that you have memorized to bring your mind to a point where it is under control.

当你认为自己迷路时，坐在木头或石头上，或靠在树上，背诵一些你记住的东西，使你的思绪恢复到可控状态。

Don't run blindly.

不要盲目奔跑。

If you must move, don't follow a stream unless you know it, and in that case you are not lost.

如果你必须移动，不要沿着溪流走，除非你熟悉它，而那种情况下你并没有迷路。

Streams normally flow through wetland before they reach a lake or a river.

溪流通常流经湿地，然后才到达湖泊或河流。

Though there are more eatable plants, there may also be wild animals, poisonous snakes, and other hazards.

尽管有更多可食用的植物，但也可能有野生动物、毒蛇和其他危险。

Many experts feel that it is wisest to walk uphill.

许多专家认为，最明智的做法是往高处走。

At the top of most hills and mountains are trails leading back to civilization.

在大多数山顶和山峰上，都有小径通往文明世界。

If there are no trails, you are much easier to be seen on top of a hill, and you may even spot a highway or a railroad from this point.

如果没有小径，在山顶上你更容易被看到，甚至可能从这个位置发现高速公路或铁路。

Nowadays, the first way someone will search for you is by air.

如今，搜寻你的第一种方式是通过空中。

In a wetland or in dense growth, you are very hard to spot.

在湿地或茂密的植被中，你很难被发现。

Anytime you go into the woods, somebody should know where you are going and when you expect to return.

每当你进入森林时，应该有人知道你要去哪里以及你预计何时返回。

Also, when someone comes looking, you should be able to signal to them.

此外，当有人来寻找时，你应该能够向他们发出信号。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题22到25基于你刚刚听到的段落。

Question 22. What does the speaker advise you to do first if you are lost in the woods?

问题22。如果你在森林中迷路，说话者建议你首先做什么？

Question 23. What will happen if you follow an unknown stream in the woods?

问题23。如果你在森林中沿着一条未知的溪流走，会发生什么？

Question 24. What do many experts think is the wisest thing to do if you are lost in the woods?

问题24。如果你在森林中迷路，许多专家认为最明智的做法是什么？

Question 25. What should you do before you go into the woods?

问题25。在你进入森林之前，你应该做什么？