2019年12月四级第2套听力原文及答案解析

News Report 1.

新闻报道一。

The British government has called for more men to consider a career in nursing.

英国政府呼吁更多男性考虑从事护理职业。

Figures show the number of male nurses has fallen in the last three years.

数据显示，过去三年男性护士的数量有所下降。

Now the number of men working in the nursing sector has reached a seven-year low.

目前，从事护理行业的男性人数已降至七年来的最低点。

Numbers of male nurses increased between 2011 and 2014 and reached a peak of 7,168.

男性护士的数量在2011年至2014年间增长，并在2014年达到峰值7,168人。

This figure has dropped to only 6,924 in 2017.

这一数字在2017年降至仅6,924人。

The UK Health Secretary said this is clearly a cultural problem and probably one that exists in many parts of the world.

英国卫生大臣表示，这显然是一个文化问题，而且可能存在于世界许多地区。

But we can make efforts to change that now.

但我们现在可以努力改变这一状况。

We want to persuade males to think about career options of going into nursing.

我们希望说服男性考虑将护理作为职业选择。

There is absolutely no reason why men can't go into this profession.

男性完全有理由进入这一行业。

The Health Secretary said that the government already has plans to attract a more varied workforce into nursing.

卫生大臣表示，政府已有计划吸引更多样化的劳动力加入护理行业。

She stated, we are leading the way on workforce planning.

她指出，我们正在劳动力规划方面引领潮流。

We will become the first nation in Europe to publish a national health and care workforce plan.

我们将成为欧洲第一个发布国家卫生和护理劳动力计划的国家。

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题1和2基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 1. What problem is Britain facing?

问题1。英国面临什么问题？

Question 2. What is the cause of the problem according to the UK Health Secretary?

问题2。根据英国卫生大臣，问题的原因是什么？

News Report 2.

新闻报道 2。

A man from Libya was enjoying a walk along the sands at Southport Beach.

一名来自利比亚的男子正在南海滩的沙滩上享受散步。

When he was about half a mile out from the dock he felt a bit tired so he lay down and fell asleep.

当他离码头大约半英里时，他感到有些疲倦，于是躺下睡着了。

But the tide swept in quickly at the beach and the man was shocked to wake up and find the tide had come in and completely surrounded him cutting him off from the shore.

但海滩上的潮水迅速涌来，男子惊醒后发现潮水已经涌来，完全包围了他，将他与海岸隔开。

Fortunately for him the beach lifeguards were quickly on the scene to stop him from drowning.

幸运的是，海滩救生员迅速赶到现场，阻止他溺水。

They acted professionally to ensure the man was comfortable until an ambulance arrived.

他们专业地行动，确保男子舒适，直到救护车到达。

He was then taken to hospital.

随后他被送往医院。

He is now in a stable condition.

他目前情况稳定。

When interviewed Keith Porter of the Southport Beach said, our beach is so flat that it's very common for the tide to come around the back of people and cut them off from the beach.

在接受采访时，南海滩的基思·波特说，我们的海滩非常平坦，潮水绕到人背后并将他们与海滩隔开是很常见的。

Thankfully the emergency services have again worked well together to ensure a positive outcome and we wish the gentleman a speedy recovery.

谢天谢地，紧急服务部门再次合作良好，确保了积极的结果，我们祝愿这位先生早日康复。

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题3和4基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 3. What does the news report say about the Libyan man?

问题3. 新闻报道中关于这名利比亚男子说了什么？

Question 4. What did Keith Porter say at an interview?

问题4. 基思·波特在采访中说了什么？

News Report 3.

新闻报道3。

A raccoon, a small cat-like animal, climbed to the top of a 25-story skyscraper early on Wednesday.

一只浣熊，一种小型猫科动物，在周三早些时候爬到了一座25层摩天大楼的顶部。

It was captured after becoming an online star across the world.

它在成为全球网络明星后被捕捉。

At a little before 3 a.

在凌晨3点前一点。

m.

上午

the animal made it to the roof of the building after it took a long break on a 17th floor window edge.

这只动物在17楼窗台上休息很长时间后，到达了大楼的屋顶。

At the top of the building animal control officers put cat food in traps and captured the raccoon.

在大楼顶部，动物控制官员在陷阱中放置猫粮并捕捉了浣熊。

A private wildlife management company will release the animal into the wild.

一家私人野生动物管理公司将把这只动物放归野外。

The raccoon's upward journey began on Monday.

浣熊的向上之旅始于周一。

The brown animal was spotted stuck on a narrow window edge of the office tower.

这只棕色动物被发现卡在办公大楼狭窄的窗台上。

On Tuesday the raccoon slowly climbed the building.

周二，浣熊缓慢地爬上了大楼。

It reached the 23rd floor and its legend continued to grow on social media with every floor it climbed.

它到达了23楼，随着每爬一层，它的传奇在社交媒体上持续增长。

As it went up people gathered on the sidewalk below to take photos and cheer for its safety.

随着它向上爬，人们聚集在下面的人行道上拍照并为其安全欢呼。

Online office workers posted photos and videos of the raccoon resting on window edges and climbing up the building's concrete exterior.

在线办公人员发布了浣熊在窗台上休息和攀爬大楼混凝土外墙的照片和视频。

One online post said that the raccoon has succeeded in uniting the country the way no politician could.

一篇网络帖子称，浣熊成功地团结了国家，这是任何政治家都做不到的。

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题5到7基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 5. What does the news report say about the raccoon, a small cat-like animal?

问题5. 新闻报道关于浣熊，一种小型猫科动物，说了什么？

Question 6. What will the wildlife management company do with the captured raccoon?

问题6. 野生动物管理公司将如何处理被捕捉的浣熊？

Question 7. What did one online post say? In this section you'll hear two long conversations.

问题7. 一篇网络帖子说了什么？在本部分，你将听到两段长对话。

Conversation 1.

对话1。

F: I have really amazing news.

我有一个非常惊人的消息。

F: I just got a text message from my bank saying my salary has been deposited in my account.

我刚收到银行的短信，说我的工资已经存入我的账户。

M: Getting paid is good but I don't understand why you're so excited.

领工资是好事，但我不明白你为什么这么兴奋。

M: It happens every month.

每个月都会发生。

F: Well, I've been working for a few years.

嗯，我已经工作几年了。

F: In fact, I worked all through university but I only had part-time jobs then.

事实上，我整个大学期间都在工作，但那时只有兼职工作。

F: So this is the first time I've ever been paid for a month of full-time work.

所以这是我第一次因全职工作一个月而获得报酬。

M: Wow, then you must feel great.

哇，那你一定感觉很棒。

M: I mean it's been two decades but I can still remember when I got my first real salary.

我的意思是，虽然已经过去二十年了，但我仍记得我拿到第一份真正薪水的时候。

M: I was happy for days and I felt like it was a small fortune even though it wasn't.

我高兴了好几天，感觉它像是一笔小财富，尽管实际上不是。

F: Yeah, I've never earned so much money before and there's so many things I'd like to do with it.

是的，我以前从没赚过这么多钱，而且有那么多事情我想用它来做。

F: What did you do with your first pay?

你第一次发工资时做了什么？

M: I bought a new suit for work and took my parents to a nice restaurant to celebrate.

我买了一套新工作服，并带父母去一家好餐厅庆祝。

M: Maybe you could do the same.

也许你可以做同样的事情。

F: I have enough professional clothes and my parents are across the country so seeing them isn't possible.

我有足够的职业装，而且我的父母在外地，所以见他们不太可能。

F: But some people from the office are members of a gym I want to join and my university classmates are arranging a trip to visit our old campus and I'd love to go with them.

但办公室的一些人是我想要加入的健身房的会员，而且我的大学同学正在安排一次参观我们老校区的旅行，我很想和他们一起去。

F: But I can't afford both.

但我负担不起两者。

M: If I were you, I'd join the gym because it's a good way to stay healthy and it might help you build a stronger relationship with your colleagues.

如果我是你，我会加入健身房，因为这是保持健康的好方法，而且可能帮助你与同事建立更强的关系。

M: And good relationships are key to a successful career.

而且良好的关系是成功事业的关键。

F: Hmm, you're right.

嗯，你说得对。

F: Thanks for the advice.

谢谢你的建议。

F: I'm taking it.

我接受它。

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题8到11基于你刚刚听到的对话。

Question 8. Why did the woman feel excited?

问题8。为什么那位女士感到兴奋？

Question 9. When did the man get his first full-time job?

问题9。那位男士什么时候得到他的第一份全职工作？

Question 10. What did the man do when he got his first pay?

问题10。那位男士第一次发工资时做了什么？

Question 11. What does the woman say she is going to do?

问题11。那位女士说她打算做什么？

Conversation 2.

对话2.

F: What's going on with you lately?

你最近怎么了？

F: You seem so distracted.

你看起来心不在焉。

F: Like you aren't really listening to anything I say.

好像你没有在认真听我说话。

M: I know.

我知道。

M: I'm sorry.

对不起。

M: I can't seem to focus on anything because I still haven't decided if I should accept the offer for that PhD program in London or not.

我似乎无法集中注意力，因为我还没有决定是否接受伦敦那个博士项目的录取通知。

M: Or if I should take the job offer in New York.

或者是否应该接受纽约的工作机会。

F: Look, it's a tough decision.

听着，这是个艰难的决定。

F: But you're running out of time, aren't you?

但你时间不多了，不是吗？

F: I thought you said the company expected an answer by the end of the month.

我以为你说公司希望在月底前得到答复。

M: Actually, it's the beginning of next month for the job.

实际上，工作那边是下个月初。

M: But the university needs a decision by the end of the week.

但大学需要在本周末前做出决定。

M: So I have to act quickly.

所以我必须迅速行动。

F: You definitely need advice for an important decision like this.

对于这样的重要决定，你肯定需要建议。

F: So who have you talked to about it?

那么你跟谁谈过这件事？

F: What does your family think?

你家人怎么看？

F: And your advisor for your master's program?

还有你硕士项目的导师呢？

M: I've asked their advice and that's part of the problem.

我征求了他们的意见，而这正是问题的一部分。

M: My parents want me to get the degree, but my advisor thinks it's time for me to get more work experience.

我父母希望我拿到学位，但我的导师认为我现在应该多积累工作经验。

F: What do you mean by part of the problem?

你说问题的一部分是什么意思？

F: Oh wait, it's your girlfriend, isn't it?

哦等等，是你女朋友，对吧？

F: You've been dating since your first year of university.

你们从大一就开始约会了。

F: So that's six years now.

所以现在有六年了。

F: She must have an opinion about all this.

她对此一定有看法。

F: I mean, isn't it time for you to think about getting married?

我是说，难道你不该考虑结婚了吗？

M: Well, I do want to get married, but she thinks we need to wait until we've launched our careers.

嗯，我确实想结婚，但她认为我们需要等到事业起步。

M: Plus, she's not sure what she'll be doing next year.

而且，她不确定明年会做什么。

M: She's considering a job in England and one in Australia, and her parents are pushing for the latter.

她正在考虑英格兰的一份工作和澳大利亚的一份工作，她父母在推动后者。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

第12至15题基于你刚才听到的对话。

Question 12. Why does the man seem to be distracted?

问题12。为什么这位男士看起来心不在焉？

Question 13. What does the woman say the man should do?

问题13。女士说男士应该做什么？

Question 14. What does the man say is part of his problem?

问题14。男士说什么是他问题的一部分？

Question 15. Why doesn't the man's girlfriend agree to get married right now?

问题15。为什么男士的女朋友不同意现在结婚？

Passage 1.

段落1。

Analytical skills are our ability to understand and solve problems using the information we have available.

分析技能是我们利用已有信息理解和解决问题的能力。

These skills are extremely important for our professional, social, and intellectual lives.

这些技能对我们的职业、社交和智力生活极为重要。

What are the best ways to improve them?

提高它们的最佳方法是什么？

One way is to expand your worldview.

一种方法是扩展你的世界观。

Unfortunately, this takes time.

不幸的是，这需要时间。

Ultimately, it will help you better evaluate information and analyse different ideas and outcomes.

最终，它将帮助你更好地评估信息并分析不同的想法和结果。

Travelling is a great way to expand your worldview, although it can be expensive.

旅行是扩展世界观的好方法，尽管可能费用高昂。

An entertaining way of enhancing your analytical skills is to engage them by playing brain games.

提升分析技能的一种有趣方式是通过玩脑力游戏来运用它们。

These are games that challenge you to think deeply and to develop your analytical skills.

这些游戏挑战你深入思考并发展分析技能。

These games will get you used to thinking in a certain way.

这些游戏会让你习惯于以某种方式思考。

As a result, they will help improve your ability to think.

因此，它们将有助于提高你的思考能力。

However, opinions vary on whether video games are effective.

然而，对于电子游戏是否有效，意见不一。

The general consensus is that the best ones avoid mindless violence and instead focus on strategy and challenge us to solve problems and achieve broad goals.

普遍共识是最好的电子游戏避免无脑暴力，而是专注于策略，并挑战我们解决问题和实现广泛目标。

Joining a debate or reading club or group is also a good idea.

加入辩论、读书俱乐部或团体也是个好主意。

This provides people with the opportunity to come together and discuss ideas, literature, and problems.

这为人们提供了聚集在一起讨论想法、文学和问题的机会。

Groups like these will help you refine your analytical skills and enable you to express yourself better.

这样的团体将帮助你完善分析技能，并使你更好地表达自己。

Any social group that encourages free exchange of ideas and pursuit of knowledge is beneficial.

任何鼓励思想自由交流和追求知识的社交团体都是有益的。

It helps you to actively develop your analytical skills.

它帮助你积极发展分析技能。

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题16到18基于你刚刚听到的段落。

Question 16. What kind of ability do analytical skills refer to in the passage?

问题16. 在文章中，分析技能指的是什么能力？

Question 17. What does the passage say is an entertaining way of enhancing one's analytical skills?

问题17. 文章说提升分析技能的有趣方式是什么？

Question 18. What else does the speaker advise people to do to improve their analytical skills?

问题18. 演讲者还建议人们做什么来提高分析技能？

Passage 2.

第二篇短文。

There's an endless amount of scientific data proving that dogs can develop strong bonds with their owners.

有大量科学数据证明，狗能与主人建立牢固的纽带。

People aren't kidding when they say they love their dog or their dog loves them, but we're rather ignorant about the nature of the relationships that form between dogs.

人们说他们爱狗或狗爱他们时并非开玩笑，但我们对狗之间形成的关系的本质知之甚少。

In an effort to understand the matter further, I spoke with Dr.

为了进一步了解此事，我与博士交谈。

Mark Bekoff, a researcher and former professor of animal behavior.

马克·贝科夫，一位研究员和前动物行为学教授。

The doctor's response to the question of whether or not dogs can fall in love like humans do was a straight, of course.

对于狗是否能像人类一样坠入爱河的问题，博士的回答是直接的：当然可以。

He went on to say that if love is defined as a long-term commitment, meaning dogs seek one another out when they're apart, they're happy when they're reunited, they protect one another, they feed one another, they raise their children together, then of course dogs love each other.

他接着说，如果爱被定义为长期承诺，意味着狗在分开时会寻找彼此，重聚时会感到快乐，它们互相保护，互相喂养，共同抚养孩子，那么狗当然会彼此相爱。

Now, our furry friends don't really experience romantic love like in the movies, but they can form deep and lasting bonds with their fellow dogs as well as humans.

现在，我们的毛茸茸的朋友们并不真正像电影中那样体验浪漫爱情，但它们可以与同伴狗以及人类形成深厚而持久的纽带。

In fact, evidence shows that most dogs stay with one partner their whole lives.

事实上，证据表明大多数狗一生只与一个伴侣在一起。

In actuality, love between dogs can be even more intimate than human relationships.

实际上，狗之间的爱甚至可能比人类关系更亲密。

When they interact, they aren't afraid to smell each other and will express themselves clearly and honestly.

当它们互动时，它们不怕互相嗅闻，并会清晰而诚实地表达自己。

Once again, it seems we have a lot to learn from dogs.

再一次，看来我们有很多要向狗学习的地方。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题19至21基于你刚刚听到的短文。

Question 19. What does the passage say we don't know much about?

问题19。短文说我们对什么知之甚少？

Question 20. What does Dr. Mark Bekoff say about dogs?

问题20。马克·贝科夫博士关于狗说了什么？

Question 21. What does the speaker say about most dogs?

问题21。说话者关于大多数狗说了什么？

Passage 3.

第三篇短文。

A piece of history has been found thanks to a boy tripping on a rare 1.

多亏了一个男孩绊倒在一块罕见的1.上，发现了一段历史。

2 million year old animal fossil.

200万年前的动物化石。

In November 2016, Jude Sparks, now 10, was on an outing with his family near their New Mexico home when he tripped over what he thought was a cow bone.

2016年11月，当时10岁的Jude Sparks与家人在他们新墨西哥州的家附近郊游时，被一个他认为是牛骨头的东西绊倒了。

Now, researchers at New Mexico State University are preserving the discovery, which was identified as an ancient elephant-like animal.

现在，新墨西哥州立大学的研究人员正在保护这一发现，它被鉴定为一种古老的、类似大象的动物。

Kyle Sparks, father of Jude, said he let his son decide what to do with the fossil.

Jude的父亲Kyle Sparks说，他让儿子决定如何处理这块化石。

So Jude reached out to Peter Hode, a professor at New Mexico State University, who had experience with the same type of fossil in the past.

于是，Jude联系了新墨西哥州立大学的教授Peter Hode，他过去曾处理过同类型的化石。

The next day, Hode came out to see the fossil for himself.

第二天，Hode亲自前来查看化石。

Hode told ABC News that he was quite excited about the find.

Hode告诉ABC新闻，他对这一发现感到非常兴奋。

It was fortunate that the family didn't try to dig up the fossil because that could destroy the specimen.

幸运的是，这家人没有试图挖掘化石，因为那可能会破坏标本。

They did the right thing by calling someone who would know what to do.

他们做了正确的事，叫来了知道如何处理的人。

It's great for the community because now everybody can appreciate it, he added.

这对社区来说太好了，因为现在每个人都能欣赏它，他补充道。

Hode and his fellow faculty members dug up the fossil in late May.

Hode和他的同事们在五月底挖掘了化石。

They hope to return to the site with geologists for an additional search as there could be more fossils near the site.

他们希望与地质学家一起返回现场进行额外搜索，因为附近可能还有更多化石。

Jude and his family have been invited by the researchers to see the fossil being preserved at the university.

研究人员邀请了Jude和他的家人去大学观看化石的保护过程。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题22至25基于你刚才听到的短文。

Question 22. What did the boy Jude Sparks think he had discovered?

问题22. 男孩Jude Sparks认为他发现了什么？

Question 23. What are the researchers at New Mexico State University doing with the boy's discovery?

问题23. 新墨西哥州立大学的研究人员如何处理男孩的发现？

Question 24. What did Professor Peter Hode say when interviewed by ABC News?

问题24. Peter Hode教授在接受ABC新闻采访时说了什么？

Question 25. What do the researchers plan to do?

问题25. 研究人员计划做什么？