2020年12月四级第3套听力原文及答案解析

News report one.

新闻报道一。

A poisonous fish, which has a sting strong enough to kill a human, is invading the Mediterranean, warn scientists.

科学家警告称，一种毒性强到足以杀死人类的有毒鱼类正在入侵地中海。

The International Union for the Conservation of Nature has raised concerns after the poisonous fish was spotted in the waters around Turkey, Cyprus, and the Eastern Mediterranean.

在有毒鱼类在土耳其、塞浦路斯和东地中海周围水域被发现后，国际自然保护联盟已表示关切。

Native to the South Pacific and Indian Ocean, the potentially deadly fish has poisonous hooks and a painful sting capable of killing people.

这种原产于南太平洋和印度洋的潜在致命鱼类，具有毒钩和足以杀死人的痛苦蜇刺。

Although fatalities are rare, the stings can cause extreme pain and stop people breathing.

尽管死亡事件罕见，但蜇刺可能导致剧烈疼痛并使人呼吸停止。

The fish, often known as devil firefish, is a highly invasive species and environmentalists fear its arrival could endanger other types of marine life.

这种通常被称为魔鬼火鱼的鱼类是高度入侵物种，环保人士担心它的到来可能危及其他类型的海洋生物。

After being spotted in the Mediterranean, a marine scientist says the fish is spreading and that's a cause for concern.

在地中海发现该鱼后，一位海洋科学家表示，这种鱼正在扩散，这令人担忧。

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题1和问题2基于您刚才听到的新闻报道。

Question 1. What is reported in the news?

问题1. 新闻报道了什么？

Question 2. What is the environmentalists concern about the spread of devil firefish in the Mediterranean?

问题2. 环保人士对魔鬼火鱼在地中海扩散的担忧是什么？

News report two.

新闻报道二。

Almost half the center of Paris will be accessible only by foot or bicycle this Sunday to mark World Car Free Day.

为了纪念世界无车日，本周日巴黎市中心近一半区域将仅对步行或骑自行车开放。

This is in response to rising air pollution that made Paris the most polluted city in the world for a brief time.

这是针对空气污染加剧的回应，巴黎曾短暂成为全球污染最严重的城市。

Mayor Anne Hidalgo promoted the first World Car Free Day last year.

市长安妮·伊达尔戈去年推广了首个世界无车日。

Hidalgo also has supported a Paris Breathes Day.

伊达尔戈还支持了一个巴黎呼吸日。

On the first Sunday of every month, Paris clears traffic from eight lanes of the main road.

每月第一个星期日，巴黎会清空主干道的八条车道以禁止车辆通行。

About 400 miles of streets will be closed to cars.

大约400英里的街道将禁止汽车通行。

It is expected to bring significant reduction in pollution levels.

预计这将显著降低污染水平。

Last year's Car Free Day showed a 40 % drop in pollution levels in some parts of the city according to an independent air pollution monitor, reports the Guardian, and sound levels dropped by 50% in the city's center.

据《卫报》报道，根据一个独立空气污染监测机构的报告，去年的无车日显示，在该市某些部分，污染水平下降了40%，市中心的噪音水平下降了50%。

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题3和4基于你刚才听到的新闻报道。

Question 3. What will happen on World Car Free Day in Paris?

问题3. 在巴黎的世界无车日将会发生什么？

Question 4. What motivated the mayor of Paris to promote the first World Car Free Day in her city?

问题4. 是什么促使巴黎市长在她的城市推广首个世界无车日？

News report three.

新闻报道三。

A Philippine fisherman was feeling down on his luck when a house fire forced him to clear out his possessions and change locations.

一名菲律宾渔民运气不佳，一场房屋火灾迫使他清理物品并更换住所。

Then, a good luck charm that he had kept under his bed changed his life.

然后，他藏在床下的一个护身符改变了他的生活。

The unidentified man had fished out a giant pearl from the ocean when his anchor got stuck on the rock while sailing off a coastal island in the Philippines 10 years ago.

10年前，这位身份不明的男子在菲律宾沿海岛屿航行时，他的锚卡在了岩石上，从海里捞出了一颗巨型珍珠。

When he was forced to sell it, the shocked tourist agent at Puerto Princesca told him that the 77-pound giant pearl that he'd kept hidden in his rundown wooden house was the biggest pearl in the world, which was valued at 76 million pounds.

当他被迫出售它时，普林塞萨港的旅游代理商震惊地告诉他，他藏在破旧木屋里的那颗77磅重的巨型珍珠是世界上最大的珍珠，价值7600万英镑。

The Pearl of Allah, which is currently on display in a New York museum, only weighs 14 pounds.

目前正在纽约一家博物馆展出的“真主之珠”仅重14磅。

That is five times smaller than the pearl that the fisherman just handed in.

这比渔民刚刚上交的那颗珍珠小五倍。

The monstrous pearl, measured at one foot wide and 2.

这颗巨型珍珠，测量宽度为1英尺，长2。

2 feet long, is going to be verified by local experts and international authorities before hopefully going on display to attract more tourists in the little town.

2英尺长，将由当地专家和国际机构进行验证，然后希望在这个小镇上展出以吸引更多游客。

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题5至7基于你刚才听到的新闻报道。

Question 5. What happened to the Philippine fisherman one day?

问题5. 一天，菲律宾渔民发生了什么事？

Question 6. What was the fisherman forced to do?

问题6. 渔民被迫做了什么？

Question 7. What did the fisherman learn from the tourist agent? In this section, you'll hear two long conversations.

问题7. 渔民从旅游代理商那里学到了什么？在本节中，你将听到两段长对话。

Conversation 1.

对话一。

F: Mr Smith, it's a pleasure meeting you.

史密斯先生，很高兴见到您。

M: Nice to meet you too.

我也很高兴见到您。

M: What can I do for you?

我能为您做些什么？

F: Well, I'm here to show you what our firm can do for you.

嗯，我来这里是为了向您展示我们公司能为您做些什么。

F: Astra Consultants has branches in over 50 countries, offering different business services.

Astra Consultants在超过50个国家设有分支机构，提供不同的商业服务。

F: We are a global company with 75 years of history and our clients include some of the world's largest companies.

我们是一家拥有75年历史的全球性公司，客户包括一些世界上最大的公司。

M: Thank you, Mrs Houston.

谢谢您，休斯顿女士。

M: I know Astra Consultants is a famous company, but you said you would show me what you could do for me.

我知道Astra Consultants是一家著名的公司，但您说过会向我展示您能为我做些什么。

M: Well, what exactly can your firm do for my company?

那么，贵公司究竟能为我公司做些什么？

F: We advise businesses on all matters, from market analysis to legal issues.

我们在所有事务上为企业提供建议，从市场分析到法律问题。

F: Anything a business like yours could need, our firm offers expert advice.

像贵公司这样的企业可能需要的任何事情，我们公司都提供专业建议。

F: Could I ask you, Mr Smith, to tell me a little about your company and the challenges you face?

史密斯先生，我能请您告诉我一些关于您公司以及您所面临的挑战吗？

F: That way I could better respond as to how we can help you.

这样我就能更好地回应我们如何能帮助您。

M: Okay, sure.

好的，当然。

M: This is a family business started by my grandfather in 1950.

这是一家由我祖父于1950年创立的家族企业。

M: We employ just over 100 people.

我们雇佣了刚好超过100人。

M: We manufacture and export stone for buildings and other constructions.

我们制造并出口用于建筑和其他结构的石材。

M: Our clients usually want a special kind of stone cut in a special design, and that's what we do in our factory.

我们的客户通常需要一种特殊类型的石材以特殊设计切割，这正是我们在工厂所做的。

M: Our main challenge is that our national currency is rising and we're losing competitive advantage to stone producers in India.

我们的主要挑战是本国货币正在升值，我们正在失去相对于印度石材生产商的竞争优势。

F: I see.

我明白了。

F: That's very interesting.

这非常有趣。

F: I would suggest that you let us first conduct a financial analysis of your company, together with an analysis of your competitors in India.

我建议您让我们首先对贵公司进行财务分析，并对您在印度的竞争对手进行分析。

F: That way we could offer the best advice on different ways forward for you.

这样我们就能为您提供关于不同前进方式的最佳建议。

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题8至11基于您刚才听到的对话。

Question 8. What do we learn about the woman's company?

问题8。关于这位女士的公司，我们了解到什么？

Question 9. What does the man say about his own company?

问题9。关于他自己的公司，这位男士说了什么？

Question 10. What is the main problem with the man's company?

问题10。这位男士公司的主要问题是什么？

Question 11. What does the woman suggest doing to help the man's company?

问题11。这位女士建议如何帮助这位男士的公司？

Conversation 2.

对话二。

F: Wow!

哇！

F: Congratulations, Simon.

恭喜你，西蒙。

F: The place looks absolutely amazing.

这个地方看起来绝对棒极了。

M: Really?

真的吗？

M: You think so?

你这么认为吗？

F: Of course.

当然。

F: I love it.

我喜欢它。

F: It looks like you had a professional interior designer.

看起来你请了专业的室内设计师。

F: But you didn't, did you?

但你没有，对吧？

M: No.

没有。

M: I did it all by myself, with a little help from my brother Greg.

全是我自己做的，我哥哥格雷格帮了点小忙。

M: He's actually in the construction business, which was really helpful.

他其实是在建筑行业工作，这真的很有帮助。

F: I honestly am impressed.

说实话，我印象深刻。

F: I know I could probably repaint the walls in my house over a weekend or something, but not a full renovation.

我知道我可能可以在周末之类的重新粉刷房子的墙壁，但不是全面翻新。

F: Where did you get your ideas?

你从哪里得到灵感的？

F: I wouldn't know where to start.

我都不知道从哪里开始。

M: Well, for a while now, I've been regularly buying home design magazines.

嗯，一段时间以来，我一直在定期购买家居设计杂志。

M: Every now and then, I'd save a picture I liked.

时不时地，我会保存一张我喜欢的图片。

M: Believe it or not, I had a full notebook of magazine pages.

信不信由你，我有一整本笔记本的杂志页面。

M: Since my overall style was quite minimal, I thought, and hoped, a whole renovation wouldn't be too difficult.

由于我的整体风格相当简约，我想，并希望，全面翻新不会太难。

M: And sure enough, with Greg's help, it was very achievable.

果然，在格雷格的帮助下，这非常可行。

F: Was it very expensive?

它很贵吗？

F: I imagine a project like this could be.

我想这样的项目可能很贵。

M: Actually, it was surprisingly affordable.

实际上，它出奇地实惠。

M: I managed to sell a lot of my old furniture and put that extra money towards the new material.

我设法卖掉了许多旧家具，并把那些额外的钱用于新材料。

M: Greg was also able to get some discounted materials from a recent project he was working on as well.

格雷格也从他最近的一个项目中获得了一些打折材料。

F: Great.

太好了。

F: If you don't mind, I'd like to pick your brain a bit more.

如果你不介意，我想多向你请教一些。

F: Jonathan and I are thinking of renovating our sitting room.

乔纳森和我正在考虑翻新我们的客厅。

F: Not the whole house, not yet anyway.

不是整个房子，至少现在不是。

F: And we'd love to get some inspiration from your experience.

我们很想从你的经验中获得一些灵感。

F: Are you free to come over for a coffee early next week?

你下周初有空过来喝杯咖啡吗？

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题12到15基于你刚才听到的对话。

Question 12. What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?

问题12. 从对话中我们了解到关于这位女士的什么？

Question 13. Where did the man get his ideas for the project?

问题13. 这位男士从哪里获得项目的灵感？

Question 14. What did the man say about the project he recently completed?

问题14. 关于他最近完成的项目，这位男士说了什么？

Question 15. Why does the woman invite the man to her house next week? In this section, you'll hear three passages.

问题15. 为什么这位女士邀请这位男士下周去她家？在这一部分，你将听到三段短文。

Passage 1.

篇章一。

Ears and noses cost England almost £3 million a year, a study suggests.

一项研究表明，耳朵和鼻子问题每年给英格兰造成近300万英镑的损失。

Children were responsible for the vast majority of cases, 95% of objects removed from noses and 85% from ears.

绝大多数病例发生在儿童身上，从鼻子取出的异物中有95%、从耳朵取出的异物中有85%与他们有关。

Every year, an average of 1,218 nose and 2,479 ear removals took place between 2010 and 2016.

2010年至2016年间，平均每年进行1218例鼻子异物取出手术和2479例耳朵异物取出手术。

According to England's hospital episode statistics, children aged 1 to 4 were the most likely to need help from doctors for a foreign object in their nose.

根据英格兰的医院就诊统计数据，1至4岁的儿童最可能因鼻子中存在异物而需要医生帮助。

Five- to nine-year-olds come to the hospital with something in their ears the most.

5至9岁的儿童则最常因耳朵内有异物而就医。

Jewellery items accounted for up to 40% of cases in both the ears and noses of children.

在儿童耳朵和鼻子的病例中，首饰类物品所占比例高达40%。

Paper and plastic toys were the items removed next most from noses.

从鼻子中取出的物品中，其次是纸张和塑料玩具。

Cotton buds and pencils were also found in ears.

耳朵中也发现了棉签和铅笔等物品。

According to the study, the occurrence of foreign objects in children is generally attributed to curiosity.

根据这项研究，儿童体内出现异物通常归因于好奇心。

Children have an impulse to explore their noses and ears.

儿童有一种探索自己鼻子和耳朵的冲动。

This results in the accidental entry of foreign objects.

这导致异物意外进入体内。

Any ear, nose, and throat surgeon has many weird stories about wonderful objects found in the noses and ears of children and adults.

任何一位耳鼻喉外科医生都有许多关于在儿童和成人鼻子、耳朵中发现奇特异物的精彩故事。

Batteries can pose a particular danger.

电池可能带来特殊危险。

In all cases, prevention is better than cure.

在所有情况下，预防都优于治疗。

This is why many toys contain warnings about small parts.

这就是为什么许多玩具都包含关于小零件的警告。

Recognizing problems early and seeking medical attention is important.

尽早发现问题并寻求医疗救治很重要。

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题16至18基于你刚才听到的篇章。

Question 16. What does England spend an annual £3 million on?

问题16. 英格兰每年花费300万英镑用于什么？

Question 17. What do we learn from England's hospital episode statistics?

问题17. 我们从英格兰的医院就诊统计数据中了解到什么？

Question 18. What is generally believed to account for children putting things in their ears or noses?

问题18. 通常认为儿童将物品放入耳朵或鼻子的原因是什么？

Passage 2.

篇章2。

Good morning.

早上好。

Today, I would like to talk to you about my charity, Re-Bicycle.

今天，我想和大家谈谈我的慈善机构，Re-Bicycle。

But before that, let me introduce someone.

但在此之前，让我介绍一个人。

This is Leila Rahimi.

这是Leila Rahimi。

She was so scared when she first moved to New Zealand that she struggled to leave the house and would spend days working up the courage to walk to the supermarket for basic supplies.

她第一次搬到新西兰时非常害怕，以至于难以出门，并且需要花几天时间鼓起勇气步行去超市购买基本用品。

After a few months of being quite down and unhappy, she was invited to join a local bike club.

在情绪低落和不开心了几个月后，她被邀请加入了一个当地的自行车俱乐部。

At this time, Re-Bicycle got involved and gave Leila a second-hand bicycle.

这时，Re-Bicycle介入并给了Leila一辆二手自行车。

Within weeks, her depression had begun to ease as she cycled.

几周内，随着她骑车，她的抑郁开始缓解。

The bicycle totally changed her life, giving her hope and a true feeling of freedom.

自行车彻底改变了她的生活，给了她希望和真正的自由感。

To date, Re-Bicycle has donated more than 200 bikes to those in need and is now expanding bike riding lessons as demand soars.

迄今为止，Re-Bicycle已向有需要的人捐赠了200多辆自行车，并且随着需求激增，现在正在扩大自行车骑行课程。

With a bike, newcomers here can travel farther but for almost no cost.

有了自行车，这里的新来者可以走得更远，但几乎不花成本。

The three hours a day they used to spend walking to and from English language lessons has been reduced to just one hour.

他们过去每天花在步行往返英语课上的三个小时已减少到仅一小时。

Our bike riding lessons are so successful that we are urgently looking for more volunteers.

我们的自行车骑行课程非常成功，以至于我们急需寻找更多志愿者。

Learning to ride a bike is almost always more difficult for an adult, and this can take days and weeks rather than hours.

对成年人来说，学习骑自行车几乎总是更困难的，这可能需要几天甚至几周的时间，而不是几小时。

So, if any of you have some free time during the weekend, please come join us at Re-Bicycle and make a difference in someone's life.

所以，如果你们中有人在周末有空闲时间，请来加入我们Re-Bicycle，为某人的生活带来改变。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题19至21基于你刚才听到的篇章。

Question 19. What did Re-Bicycle do to help Leila Rahimi?

问题19。Re-Bicycle为帮助Leila Rahimi做了什么？

Question 20. What is Re-Bicycle doing to help those in need?

问题20。Re-Bicycle正在如何帮助有需要的人？

Question 21. What do we learn from the passage about Re-Bicycle?

问题21。从篇章中我们了解到关于Re-Bicycle的什么？

Passage 3.

文章3。

Thanks to the International Space Station, we know quite a bit about the effects of low gravity on the human body.

由于国际空间站，我们对低重力对人体的影响了解不少。

But NASA scientists want to learn more.

但NASA科学家想了解更多。

To that end, they have been studying how other species deal with low gravity, specifically focusing on mice.

为此，他们一直在研究其他物种如何应对低重力，特别关注小鼠。

The results are both interesting and humorous.

结果既有趣又幽默。

The scientists first sent some mice in a specially designed cage to the International Space Station.

科学家首先将一些小鼠放在一个特制的笼子里送到国际空间站。

The cage allowed them to study the behavior of the mice remotely from Earth via video.

这个笼子允许他们通过视频从地球远程研究小鼠的行为。

As you'll notice in the video, the mice definitely seem uncomfortable at the beginning of the experiment.

正如你在视频中会注意到的，在实验开始时，小鼠显然看起来不舒服。

They move around clumsily, drifting within the small confines of the cage, and do their best to figure out which way is up, but without success.

它们笨拙地移动，在笼子的小空间里漂浮，并尽力弄清楚哪个方向是上，但没有成功。

However, it's not long before the mice begin to catch on.

然而，不久之后，小鼠就开始明白了。

They adapt remarkably well to their new environment, and even use the lack of gravity to their advantage as they push themselves around the cage.

它们适应新环境的能力非常出色，甚至利用重力缺失的优势在笼子里推动自己。

That's when things really get wild.

就在那时，情况变得真正疯狂起来。

The 11th day of the experiment shows the mice are not just dealing with the gravity change, but actually seem to be enjoying it.

实验的第11天显示，小鼠不仅在应对重力变化，实际上似乎还在享受它。

Several of the mice are observed running around the cage walls.

观察到几只小鼠在笼子壁上跑来跑去。

The scientists wanted to see whether the mice would continue doing the same kinds of activities they were observed doing on Earth.

科学家想看看小鼠是否会继续做在地球上观察到的同类活动。

The study showed that the mice kept much of their routines intact, including cleaning themselves and eating when hungry.

研究表明，小鼠保持了大部分日常习惯不变，包括自我清洁和饿时进食。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题22至25基于你刚才听到的文章。

Question 22. What do NASA scientists want to learn about?

问题22. NASA科学家想了解什么？

Question 23. What does the passage say about the mice at the beginning of the experiment?

问题23. 文章关于实验开始时的小鼠说了什么？

Question 24. What was observed about the mice on the 11th day of the experiment?

问题24. 在实验的第11天，观察到小鼠有什么情况？

Question 25. What did the scientists find about the mice from the experiment? That's the end of Listening Comprehension.

问题25. 科学家从实验中发现了小鼠的什么？听力理解结束。