2023年06月四级第1套听力原文及答案解析

News Report 1.

新闻报道一。

A woman was charged with allegedly violating a Rhode Island city law against feeding wild animals.

一名妇女因涉嫌违反罗德岛市禁止喂养野生动物的法律而被起诉。

The 55-year-old woman's neighbours blame her for making the area's rat problem worse.

这位55岁妇女的邻居指责她加剧了该地区的鼠患问题。

Newly installed cameras captured several rats active in the middle of the day.

新安装的摄像头捕捉到几只老鼠在白天活动。

Neighbours say that it's even worse during the night.

邻居们说，情况在夜间更糟。

The woman and her parents, who own the home, told reporters that she's being charged for feeding birds.

这位妇女及其父母（房子的所有者）告诉记者，她因喂鸟而被起诉。

Who would have known just loving animals gets you that much trouble, she said.

她说，谁能想到仅仅喜爱动物会带来这么多麻烦。

It is prohibited to feed any wild animals, including birds, in Rhode Island City.

在罗德岛市，禁止喂养任何野生动物，包括鸟类。

Nevertheless, while the woman's intention was to feed birds, it is clear that rats were also benefiting.

然而，尽管该妇女的意图是喂鸟，但显然老鼠也从中受益。

Antony Moretti, Director of the City Administration, said he saw more than 20 rats near the woman's home.

市行政长官安东尼·莫雷蒂说，他在该妇女家附近看到了超过20只老鼠。

He said it will take months to get the problem under control.

他说，控制这个问题需要数月时间。

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题1和问题2基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 1. What do we learn from the report about the 55-year-old woman?

问题1：从报道中我们了解到这位55岁妇女的什么情况？

Question 2. What did the Director of the City Administration say at the end of the news report?

问题2：在新闻报道结束时，市行政长官说了什么？

News report 2.

新闻报道2。

To prepare for eventually sending astronauts to Mars, NASA began taking applications Friday for four people to live for a year in Mars Dune Alpha.

为最终将宇航员送往火星做准备，NASA于周五开始接受申请，招募四人到火星沙丘阿尔法居住一年。

That's a 1,700-square-foot Martian habitat inside a building in Houston.

那是一个位于休斯敦一栋建筑内的1,700平方英尺的火星栖息地。

The paid volunteers will work in an environment similar to Mars.

这些有偿志愿者将在类似火星的环境中工作。

They will have limited communications with family, restricted food and resources.

他们与家人的通信将受到限制，食物和资源也会受限。

NASA is planning three experiments with the first one starting in the fall next year.

NASA计划进行三次实验，第一次实验将于明年秋季开始。

Food will all be ready to eat space food.

食物将全部是即食太空食品。

Some plants will be grown, but not potatoes like in the movie The Martian.

会种植一些植物，但不会像电影《火星救援》中那样种植土豆。

We want to understand how humans perform in them.

我们想了解人类在这些环境中的表现。

Said Lead Scientist Grace Douglas.

首席科学家格雷斯·道格拉斯说。

We're looking at Mars' realistic situations.

我们正在关注火星的真实情况。

The application process opened Friday and they're not seeking just anybody.

申请流程于周五开放，他们并非寻求任何人。

The requirements are strict, including a master's degree in a science, engineering or math field or pilot experience.

要求严格，包括拥有科学、工程或数学领域的硕士学位，或飞行员经验。

Only American citizens or permanent U.

仅限美国公民或永久U.

S.

S.

residents are acceptable.

居民可接受。

Applicants must be between 30 and 55 and in good physical health.

申请者必须在30至55岁之间，且身体健康。

Attitude is key, said former Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield.

态度是关键，前加拿大宇航员克里斯·哈德菲尔德说。

He said the participants need to be super competent, resourceful and not rely on other people to feel comfortable.

他说参与者需要超级能干、足智多谋，并且不依赖他人来感到舒适。

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题3和4基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 3. What does NASA require the paid volunteers to do?

问题3。NASA要求有偿志愿者做什么？

Question 4. What will the participants in the project eat?

问题4。项目中的参与者将吃什么？

News report three.

新闻报道三。

A Japanese mayor apologized Thursday for biting the Olympic gold medal of a softball player.

一位日本市长周四因咬了一名垒球运动员的奥运金牌而道歉。

Nagoya Mayor Takashi Kawamura had praised athlete Mio Goto during a public media event.

名古屋市长河村隆之在一次公开媒体活动中赞扬了运动员后藤美央。

He asked her to put the medal around his neck.

他请求她将奖牌挂在他的脖子上。

Kawamura then bit into it.

然后河村咬了奖牌。

Biting a medal in front of journalists and photographers has become a common pose for Olympic medalists.

在记者和摄影师面前咬奖牌已成为奥运奖牌得主的常见姿势。

However, it is only for the winners themselves, not others.

然而，这仅限于获奖者本人，不适用于他人。

I'm really sorry that I hurt the treasure of the gold medalist, Kawamura told reporters Thursday.

河村周四告诉记者：'我真的很抱歉伤害了金牌得主的珍宝。'

The mayor said the medal was undamaged, though he offered to pay for the cost of a new one.

市长表示奖牌未受损，尽管他提出支付新奖牌的费用。

Goto, however, has accepted the International Olympic Committee's offer of a replacement, according to Japanese media reports.

然而，根据日本媒体报道，后藤接受了国际奥委会提供替换奖牌的提议。

The scene broadcast on television prompted thousands of complaints to City Hall.

电视上播出的这一场景引发了数千起向市政厅的投诉。

Some Olympians said they treat their medals as treasures and that it was disrespectful and unacceptable for Kawamura to bite one.

一些奥运选手表示，他们将奖牌视为珍宝，河村咬奖牌的行为是不敬且不可接受的。

I would cry if that happened to me, said another athlete, Naohisa Takato.

另一位运动员高藤直寿说：'如果发生在我身上，我会哭的。'

I handle my own gold medal so gently that I would not scratch it.

我如此轻柔地处理自己的金牌，以至于不会刮伤它。

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题5至7基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 5. What does the news report say about the Japanese Mayor Takashi Kawamura?

问题5. 关于日本市长河村隆之，新闻报道说了什么？

Question 6. What did Mayor Takashi Kawamura offer to do?

问题6. 市长河村隆之提出了什么？

Question 7. What did some Olympians say they would do with their medals?

问题7. 一些奥运选手说他们会如何对待自己的奖牌？

Conversation 1.

对话1。

M: What's that orange thing on your computer screen?

你电脑屏幕上那个橙色的东西是什么？

F: It's something I bought yesterday.

那是我昨天买的东西。

F: It's a plastic sheet that blocks blue light.

那是一张能阻挡蓝光的塑料薄片。

F: I have one that I use to cover my phone screen too.

我也有一张用来覆盖手机屏幕的。

M: What do you mean by blue light?

你说的蓝光是什么意思？

F: Blue light includes natural light, but it also includes light that isn't natural.

蓝光包括自然光，但也包括非自然光。

F: For example, from computers, phones, televisions, and other electronic devices.

例如，来自电脑、手机、电视和其他电子设备的光。

M: So blue light is harmful and that's why you want to block it?

所以蓝光有害，这就是你想阻挡它的原因？

F: It isn't that simple.

事情没那么简单。

F: Blue light isn't necessarily bad for us.

蓝光不一定对我们有害。

F: In fact, we need blue light during the day to be healthy.

事实上，我们在白天需要蓝光来保持健康。

F: But too much blue light, especially from electronic devices, can harm our health by weakening our vision and making it harder for us to fall asleep.

但过多的蓝光，尤其是来自电子设备的，会通过削弱视力和使我们更难入睡来危害健康。

F: And poor sleep can cause all sorts of health problems.

而睡眠不足会导致各种健康问题。

M: I'm not so sure that sleep is nearly as important as people always say it is.

我不太确定睡眠是否像人们常说的那么重要。

M: I haven't slept enough in months because I have too much work to do.

我几个月来睡眠不足，因为我工作太多了。

M: And I feel fine.

而且我感觉很好。

M: And it's the same for most of my friends.

我的大多数朋友也是一样。

M: Poor sleep might be a problem for older people, but surely young people can handle late nights.

睡眠不足可能是老年人的问题，但年轻人肯定能应付熬夜。

F: Well, the research I've read shows that sleep is probably even more important than we thought, and that not having enough sleep can contribute to serious health problems, like obesity and heart disease.

嗯，我读到的研究表明，睡眠可能比我们想象的更重要，睡眠不足可能导致严重的健康问题，如肥胖和心脏病。

F: And all the artificial blue light from electronic devices means we have to try harder to sleep well.

而电子设备发出的所有人工蓝光意味着我们必须更努力地保证良好睡眠。

M: Maybe you're right.

也许你是对的。

M: I'm on my computer very late most nights, and that's probably why I don't sleep enough.

我大多数晚上都很晚才用电脑，这可能是我睡眠不足的原因。

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题8到11基于你刚才听到的对话。

Question 8. What did the woman do to her computer?

问题8. 女士对她的电脑做了什么？

Question 9. What does the woman say about blue light?

问题9. 女士对蓝光说了什么？

Question 10. Why does the man say he hasn't slept enough for months?

问题10. 为什么男士说他几个月来睡眠不足？

Question 11. What has the woman learned from the research she has read?

问题11. 女士从她读到的研究中学到了什么？

Conversation 2.

对话二。

F: As a kid, did you know what job you wanted to do when you grew up?

小时候，你知道长大后想做什么工作吗？

M: No, I didn't.

不，我不知道。

M: And I got sick every time adults asked me what I wanted to be when I grew up.

而且每次大人问我长大后想做什么，我都感到厌烦。

F: It's the same with me, and I'm tired of people asking that question of my 10-year-old daughter.

我也一样，而且我厌倦了人们问我10岁女儿那个问题。

F: My daughter's stock answers are basketball player, pop singer, mechanical engineer.

我女儿的标准答案是篮球运动员、流行歌手、机械工程师。

F: Adults love that last one, as it's the perfect mix of the sensible and the ambitious.

大人们喜欢最后那个，因为它是理性和雄心的完美结合。

F: When she was much younger, my daughter used to say she wanted to be queen of the clouds, which I loved.

在她更小的时候，我女儿常说想当云朵女王，我很喜欢这个想法。

F: That's the kind of goal-setting I like to see in children, springing from their boundless imaginations.

这就是我喜欢在孩子身上看到的目标设定，源自他们无限的想象力。

M: Yes, we grown-ups can be tedious and limiting in our need for reality, and we teach a very gloomy image of adulthood, that whatever our children's future holds, it must be seen within the context of a job.

是的，我们成年人对现实的需要可能显得乏味和局限，我们灌输给孩子们一种非常悲观的成年形象，即无论孩子未来如何，都必须放在工作的背景下看待。

M: How utterly overwhelming and dull.

多么令人窒息和枯燥啊。

M: When people ask my son what he wants to be when he grows up, I have to swallow the urge to say, hey, back off my kid's dreams.

当人们问我儿子长大后想做什么时，我不得不忍住想说的冲动：嘿，别打扰我孩子的梦想。

F: We can't dismiss the idea that teenagers have to plan to do something after they finish school, and parents are entitled to hope it's more than simply spending 10 hours a day playing computer games.

我们不能否认青少年必须计划毕业后做点什么的想法，而且父母有权希望这不仅仅是每天花10个小时玩电脑游戏。

F: But asking, what do you want to be?

但是问，“你想成为什么？”

F: isn't going to lead a child to a fulfilled life, rather it leads to false expectations and a high chance of disappointment.

不会引导孩子过上充实的生活，反而会导致错误的期望和很高的失望概率。

M: Exactly.

没错。

F: We should be helping our kids understand who they are, even if that means letting go of who we think they should be.

我们应该帮助孩子了解他们自己，即使这意味着放下我们认为他们应该成为的样子。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题12到15基于你刚才听到的对话。

Question 12. What question were both speakers fed up with when they were kids?

问题12. 两位说话者小时候都厌倦了哪个问题？

Question 13. What occupation do adults see as both sensible and ambitious, according to the woman?

问题13. 根据女士的说法，大人们认为哪个职业既理性又雄心勃勃？

Question 14. What kind of goal setting does the woman like to see in children?

问题14. 女士喜欢在孩子身上看到哪种目标设定？

Question 15. What does the woman suggest adults should do?

问题15. 女士建议成年人应该做什么？

Passage 1.

段落1。

Greater internet access correlates directly with improved health care, education, and economic development.

更广泛的互联网接入直接关联到医疗保健、教育和经济发展的改善。

People living in rural areas, however, lag behind in online use, which limits their access to government services, banking, and job opportunities.

然而，生活在农村地区的人在线使用方面落后，这限制了他们获取政府服务、银行和就业机会的渠道。

Nowhere is this challenge clearer than in Africa.

这个挑战在非洲最为明显。

Most Africans live in rural areas that are tough to wire for internet access.

大多数非洲人生活在农村地区，这些地区难以铺设互联网接入线路。

Now, some phone companies are trying to introduce internet-ready phones into African markets.

现在，一些电话公司正试图将支持互联网的手机引入非洲市场。

Certain companies have started selling simple smartphones for only $20.

某些公司已经开始以仅20美元的价格销售简单的智能手机。

Previously, the lowest price had been around $40.

此前，最低价格约为40美元。

Well out of reach for many people.

这远远超出了许多人的承受能力。

These devices are powered by software from the giant electronics company KaiOS Technologies Ltd.

这些设备由大型电子公司KaiOS Technologies Ltd的软件驱动。

Most companies are trying to make phones ever more powerful and capable, but KaiOS went the other way.

大多数公司正试图使手机变得更强大和功能更多，但KaiOS却反其道而行之。

It made every effort to keep the essential capabilities of smartphones, but strip out costs and preserve battery life for people who likely have inadequate access to electricity.

它竭尽全力保留智能手机的基本功能，同时削减成本并为那些可能缺乏电力供应的人保留电池寿命。

The KaiOS devices offer an alternative to the more expensive models that remain out of reach of many Africans and contribute to the digital divide.

KaiOS设备提供了一种替代方案，替代那些仍然超出许多非洲人承受能力的昂贵型号，并有助于缩小数字鸿沟。

The body of KaiOS phones is as basic as it gets.

KaiOS手机的机身设计非常基础。

Instead of a touchscreen, they're controlled with an old-school keypad.

它们没有触摸屏，而是使用老式键盘控制。

They're designed for 3G networks because 4G coverage doesn't reach two-thirds of Africa's customers.

它们是为3G网络设计的，因为4G覆盖范围无法覆盖三分之二的非洲用户。

In total, KaiOS phones are made from about $15 worth of parts, while Apple's top-of-the-line iPhone has $390 worth of stuff.

总体而言，KaiOS手机由价值约15美元的部件制成，而苹果的顶级iPhone则有价值390美元的部件。

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题16至18基于您刚才听到的段落。

Question 16. What are a number of phone companies trying to do in Africa?

问题16。一些电话公司正试图在非洲做什么？

Question 17. How do KaiOS smartphones differ from smartphones of most other companies?

问题17。KaiOS智能手机与大多数其他公司的智能手机有何不同？

Question 18. What are KaiOS smartphones equipped with?

问题18。KaiOS智能手机配备了什么？

Passage 2.

第二篇。

For years, using recycled plastic to make plastic products was cheap.

多年来，使用回收塑料制造塑料制品很便宜。

By contrast, fossil fuel plastic was more expensive.

相比之下，化石燃料塑料更昂贵。

Thus, the sustainable option was an economic option too.

因此，可持续的选择也是一个经济的选择。

But now, it is cheaper for major manufacturers to use new plastic.

但现在，对主要制造商来说，使用新塑料更便宜。

According to one recent business report, recycled plastic now costs an extra $72 a ton compared with newly made plastic.

根据一份最近的商业报告，回收塑料现在每吨比新制造的塑料多花费72美元。

This may be because of consumer demands.

这可能是因为消费者需求。

They are pushing for more recycled plastics in new products.

他们正在推动在新产品中使用更多回收塑料。

Meanwhile, new plastic is becoming cheaper.

同时，新塑料正变得越来越便宜。

This is because of a boom in petroleum chemical production from the U.

这是因为石油化学生产的繁荣，来自美国。

S.

美国。

The price increase of recycled plastic could cost sustainable manufacturers an extra $250 million a year.

回收塑料价格的上涨可能使可持续制造商每年额外花费2.5亿美元。

Smaller manufacturers may also be forced to use new plastic to reduce costs.

较小的制造商也可能被迫使用新塑料以降低成本。

Makers of clear plastic bottles may also opt for new fossil fuel-based plastic to save money.

透明塑料瓶的制造商也可能选择基于化石燃料的新塑料以节省资金。

Plastic packaging makers are being pressured to use more recycled plastic.

塑料包装制造商正被要求使用更多回收塑料。

This is done in hopes of reducing the enormous amount of plastic pollution in the oceans.

这样做是希望减少海洋中大量的塑料污染。

The U.

英国。

K.

英国。

government plans to tax companies which don't use at least 30% recycled plastic in their products.

政府计划对那些产品中不使用至少30%回收塑料的公司征税。

Additionally, the government is planning to increase the quantity of recycled plastic in the market.

此外，政府计划增加市场上回收塑料的数量。

This could mean incentives for new recycling plants.

这可能意味着对新回收工厂的激励。

Additionally, recycling facilities may be improved at a local council level and recycled plastic could be imported.

此外，回收设施可能在地方议会层面得到改善，并且可能进口回收塑料。

This would help increase the amount of recycled plastic in circulation.

这将有助于增加流通中的回收塑料数量。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题19到21基于你刚才听到的段落。

Question 19. What is said about using recycled plastic to make plastic products in the past?

问题19。关于过去使用回收塑料制造塑料制品有什么说法？

Question 20. What has led to a more competitive price for new plastic?

问题20。是什么导致了新塑料更具竞争力的价格？

Question 21. What does the U. K. government plan to do about plastic?

问题21。英国政府计划对塑料做什么？

Passage 3.

段落3。

At the Dreamery, a business in Manhattan, naps are for sale.

在Dreamery，一家位于曼哈顿的企业，小睡是有出售的。

A 45-minute session in a darkened enclosure with peace and quiet costs $25.

在黑暗、安静的环境中45分钟的小睡会话花费25美元。

To be clear, this institution is no hotel.

需要明确的是，这家机构不是酒店。

This is a nap joint.

这是一个小睡场所。

It sells the idea of the nap as much as the nap itself.

它出售小睡的理念，如同小睡本身一样。

Is a nap worth $25?

小睡值25美元吗？

The answer is obviously yes.

答案显然是肯定的。

Here, at this point in the argument, it's traditional for me to bring up all the studies that show the benefits of napping.

在这里，在论证的这个点上，通常我会引用所有显示小睡好处的研究。

But do you really need experts to tell you that?

但你真的需要专家来告诉你这一点吗？

Just look at the world around you at 2.

只需看看你周围的世界，在2点。

30 in the afternoon.

下午30分。

I've been working from home for more than 10 years now and the quality and quantity of work I can do emerges directly from my ability to concentrate.

我已经在家工作超过10年，我能做的工作的质量和数量直接取决于我的专注能力。

I don't understand how people have creative careers without napping.

我不理解人们如何在不小睡的情况下拥有创造性职业。

Every day at about 1 p.

每天大约下午1点。

m.

下午。

, everyone faces the same choice.

，每个人面临同样的选择。

Sleep until 2 p.

睡到下午2点。

m.

下午。

and then work until 5, or daydream and drift around social media and attend pointless meetings until 7 p .

然后工作到5点，或者做白日梦、在社交媒体上闲逛并参加无意义的会议直到下午7点。

m.

下午。

The friends I have who still work in offices inform me their bosses insist that they take the second option and that napping is associated with laziness.

我那些仍在办公室工作的朋友告诉我，他们的老板坚持他们选择第二个选项，并且小睡与懒惰相关联。

I genuinely find it odd, for if you nap properly, it's like waking up from a full night's sleep and you can double your day's worth of concentration.

我真心觉得这很奇怪，因为如果你小睡得当，就像从整夜睡眠中醒来，你可以加倍一天的专注能力。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题22到25基于你刚刚听到的段落。

Question 22. What do we learn about the Dreamery, a business in Manhattan?

问题22. 关于Dreamery，曼哈顿的一家企业，我们了解到什么？

Question 23. Why does the speaker ask us to look at the world around us at 2. 30 in the afternoon?

问题23. 为什么演讲者要求我们在下午2点30分看看我们周围的世界？

Question 24. What do we learn about the quantity and quality of the speaker's work?

问题24. 关于演讲者工作的数量和质量，我们了解到什么？

Question 25. What does the speaker say he finds odd? That's the end of Listening Comprehension.

问题25. 演讲者说他觉得什么很奇怪？听力理解到此结束。