2025年06月四级第1套长篇阅读匹配原文翻译及答案

A) Recently, a leading design federation in the UK warned that the UK could face a creative skills shortage, after the latest figures revealed a drop of almost 10 percent in students studying Design and Technology. These figures showed that the number of pupils that sat exams in Design and Technology fell 10 percent from 204,788 to 185,279 last year.

最近，英国一家领先的设计联合会警告称，在最新数据显示学习设计与技术的学生数量下降了近10%后，英国可能面临创意技能短缺。这些数据显示，去年参加设计与技术考试的学生人数从204,788人下降到185,279人，降幅为10%。

B) Chief executive John Kampfner of the Creative Industries Federation thinks that this drop in figures has worrying implications for the skills pipeline in Britain's hugely successful arts and creative industries. He said, "We already have skills shortages in many jobs such as animation (动画制作) and special effects." He added: "Engineering, which requires a similar mix of creative and technical skills, also has recruitment problems."

创意产业联合会的首席执行官约翰·坎普夫纳认为，这一数据下降对英国极其成功的艺术和创意产业的技能管道有着令人担忧的影响。他说：“我们已经在许多工作中存在技能短缺，例如动画制作和特效。”他补充道：“工程学也需要类似的创意和技术技能组合，同样面临招聘问题。”

C) Many other designers and architects have expressed concern over the future supply of home-grown talent for UK firms, and industry bodies have pointed out that there has been a lack of roots-level support. However, if these designers had visited the Design Museum shop in London earlier this year their fears may have been eased. With £10 to spend, they could have bought a fascinating children's toy called "Dazzle Racer". An automotive cylinder (圆柱体), it included a wind-up, elastic (有弹性的)-band-powered mechanism, minimal parts, all 100 percent recyclable, and lots of stickers. It was good fun, simple, eye-catching and very original.

许多其他设计师和建筑师对英国公司未来本土人才的供应表示担忧，行业机构指出缺乏基层支持。然而，如果这些设计师今年早些时候参观过伦敦的设计博物馆商店，他们的担忧可能会减轻。花10英镑，他们本可以买到一个名为“Dazzle Racer”的迷人儿童玩具。它是一个汽车圆柱体，包含发条、弹性带驱动的机械装置，部件最少，全部100%可回收，还有许多贴纸。它有趣、简单、引人注目且非常有创意。

D) Well, you'd expect the Design Museum to commission and make some interesting items, but this one was different. Designed by a group of six Year 9 and Year 10 boys from Finchley Catholic High School, the toy was the winning entry in the museum's 2015 Design Ventura competition, which brings the business of design to life for students aged 13 to 16 by challenging them to develop a new creative, sustainable and commercially feasible product for the Design Museum shop and attracts hundreds of entries nationwide.

嗯，你会期望设计博物馆委托制作一些有趣的物品，但这个不同。这个玩具由芬奇利天主教中学的六名9年级和10年级男生设计，是博物馆2015年Design Ventura竞赛的获奖作品。该竞赛通过挑战13至16岁的学生为设计博物馆商店开发一个新的创意、可持续且商业可行的产品，将设计业务带入生活，并吸引了全国数百个参赛作品。

E) "We did Design Ventura in my previous school," says Liam Hourican, Finchley Catholic High School's design technology curriculum leader. "Then when I changed schools four years ago, I introduced it here because it helps to develop so many skills."

“我在之前的学校参加过Design Ventura，”芬奇利天主教中学的设计技术课程负责人利亚姆·霍里坎说。“然后四年前我换了学校，我把它引入这里，因为它有助于培养许多技能。”

F) The theme for last year's competition was "Move", and Hourican began with three groups working in lunch breaks and after school before selecting the group with the most innovative idea. Each participating school may submit just one proposal. "It's taking part and doing the work which is important," he says. "And I never dreamt we'd win."

去年竞赛的主题是“移动”，霍里坎从三个小组在午休和放学后工作开始，然后选出最具创新想法的小组。每所参赛学校只能提交一个方案。“重要的是参与并完成工作，”他说。“我从未梦想过我们会赢。”

G) Catherine Ritman Smith, head of learning at the Design Museum, is expecting around 10,000 participants aged 13 to 16 to take part this year and says that the project funded by Deutsche Bank as part of its youth engagement programme Born To Be—is the biggest event in the museum's calendar. "We started Design Ventura with around 800 young people in 2010 and it has grown steadily since," she says. "Teachers like it because the skills are all transferable and it helps to validate the value of design as a subject," she explains, telling me that nearly 600 schools have taken part so far.

设计博物馆学习负责人凯瑟琳·里特曼·史密斯预计今年将有约10,000名13至16岁的参与者参加，并表示该项目由德意志银行资助，作为其青年参与计划“Born To Be”的一部分——是博物馆日历上最大的活动。“我们在2010年以大约800名年轻人开始了Design Ventura，此后稳步增长，”她说。“老师们喜欢它，因为这些技能都是可转移的，并且它有助于验证设计作为一门学科的价值，”她解释道，并告诉我迄今为止已有近600所学校参加。

H) So how does the competition work? A single word theme is announced in the summer. This year it is "Change". Schools work with groups to produce imaginative design ideas for a product in simple materials that could sell for £10 in the Design Museum shop. Participating schools then register by November and eventually submit their design ideas. Along the way there is training and support for teachers and tutoring for students from designers. An additional bonus is when the winners see their design on sale in the spring of the following year.

那么竞赛是如何运作的呢？夏季会公布一个单字主题。今年是“改变”。学校与小组合作，为一种使用简单材料、可在设计博物馆商店以10英镑出售的产品产生富有想象力的设计创意。参赛学校然后在11月前注册，并最终提交他们的设计创意。在此过程中，有针对教师的培训和支持，以及设计师对学生的辅导。额外的奖励是获奖者在次年春天看到他们的设计上架销售。

I) Hourican and his pupils have happy memories of spending a whole day at the museum, having been selected as one of 10 shortlisted schools to present their idea to a panel of judges, including designer Jasper Conran. Then they worked with the Kin Design Studio in Shoreditch, met designers at their school and attended a lunch with Deutsche Bank employees. The students helped to make decisions and there were plenty of discussions—they changed the product's name, for example.

霍里坎和他的学生们对在博物馆度过一整天有着愉快的回忆，他们被选为10所入围学校之一，向包括设计师贾斯珀·康兰在内的评委小组展示他们的创意。然后他们与Shoreditch的Kin Design Studio合作，在学校会见设计师，并参加了与德意志银行员工的午餐。学生们帮助做出决定，并进行了大量讨论——例如，他们更改了产品名称。

J) "One of the really useful things about this competition," says Hourican, "is that there's a commercial element because the product is going on sale for real and the boys had to learn about budgeting and marketing, as well as designing their game." Profits go to charity. "The winning team chooses where it wants the profits to go," says Ritman Smith. "The Finchley Catholic High School product raised about £1,000 for Great Ormond Street Hospital." Winning entries in past years have included a make-your-own cloth kit called Dove Bunting and a three-tool, wallet-sized travel game with goals at each end, called Badoiing.

“这个竞赛真正有用的一点是，”霍里坎说，“它有商业元素，因为产品真的会上架销售，男孩们必须学习预算和营销，以及设计他们的游戏。”利润捐给慈善机构。“获胜团队选择利润的去向，”里特曼·史密斯说。“芬奇利天主教中学的产品为大奥蒙德街医院筹集了约1,000英镑。”往年的获奖作品包括一个名为Dove Bunting的自制布艺套装和一个名为Badoiing的三工具、钱包大小的旅行游戏，两端有球门。

K) It costs the schools nothing to participate in Design Ventura; the professional designers provide their services for free. Among them are architect Asif Khan, a Design Museum trustee who has worked as designer-in-residence at the museum, helping emerging architects. He has recently been commissioned to design the new Museum of London building in Smithfield.

学校参加Design Ventura无需任何费用；专业设计师免费提供服务。其中包括建筑师阿西夫·汗，他是设计博物馆的受托人，曾担任博物馆驻馆设计师，帮助新兴建筑师。他最近受委托设计位于史密斯菲尔德的新伦敦博物馆建筑。

L) Another is television presenter and interior designer Naomi Cleaver, who is one of the competition's judges. "I'm very keen to encourage young people," she says, observing that design brings together other subjects such as literature, art, history, geography and science. "Now that design education is limited in the curriculum, I'm all in favour of competitions such as Design Ventura, which helps to bring the standard curriculum to life," says Cleaver. "And the judging day is terrific fun. Some of these students are very imaginative. One group presented their idea in the form of a puppet show and we saw some marvelous demonstration models. I'm always impressed by the levels of confidence and the support the students get from their teachers."

另一位是电视主持人兼室内设计师娜奥米·克莱弗，她是竞赛的评委之一。“我非常热衷于鼓励年轻人，”她说，并观察到设计融合了文学、艺术、历史、地理和科学等其他学科。“既然设计教育在课程中有限，我完全支持像Design Ventura这样的竞赛，它有助于将标准课程带入生活，”克莱弗说。“而且评判日非常有趣。一些学生非常有创意。一个小组以木偶剧的形式展示了他们的创意，我们看到了一些精彩的演示模型。我总是对学生们的自信水平和他们从老师那里获得的支持印象深刻。”

M) Ritman Smith adds: "Design technology has become a tricky subject to make a case for, and we've heard of departments closing in some schools. We find that if pupils take part in Design Ventura in Year Nine it can be the trigger which leads them to opt for it at General Certificate of Secondary Education, so we are helping to keep alive something which is crucial to industry and entrepreneurship."

里特曼·史密斯补充道：“设计技术已成为一个难以辩护的学科，我们听说一些学校的相关部门关闭了。我们发现，如果学生在9年级参加Design Ventura，它可以成为他们在普通中等教育证书中选择它的触发因素，因此我们正在帮助保持对行业和企业精神至关重要的东西。”