2016年12月四级第2套听力原文及答案解析

The New York State Parks System wants to turn off the Falls on the American side sometime in the next two to three years to replace two 115-year-old stone bridges that allow pedestrians, park vehicles and utilities access to Goat Island.

纽约州公园系统计划在未来两到三年内关闭美国一侧的瀑布，以更换两座有115年历史的石桥，这些石桥供行人、公园车辆和公用设施通往山羊岛。

The American side of the Falls was shut off in 1969 to study the build-up of rock at the base of the Falls.

美国一侧的瀑布在1969年被关闭，以研究瀑布底部的岩石堆积。

When that happened, people came from all over the world to see the Falls turned off.

当那件事发生时，世界各地的人们前来观看瀑布被关闭。

People are curious by nature.

人们天生好奇。

They want to see what's underneath.

他们想看看下面是什么。

In fact, those who first came to have a look did see something.

事实上，那些先来观看的人确实看到了一些东西。

They found millions of coins on the bottom.

他们在底部发现了数百万枚硬币。

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题1和问题2基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 1. Why does New York State want to turn off Niagara Falls?

问题1。纽约州为什么要关闭尼亚加拉大瀑布？

Question 2. What did people find when Niagara Falls was shut off in 1969?

问题2。1969年尼亚加拉大瀑布被关闭时，人们发现了什么？

News report 2.

新闻报道2。

The Tunisian government said Monday that 45 people had been killed after gunmen attacked a town near the border with Libya.

突尼斯政府星期一表示，在武装分子袭击靠近利比亚边境的一个城镇后，45人遇害。

The Interior and Defence Ministries said that the Tunisian government has closed its two border crossings with Libya because of the attack.

内政部和国防部表示，由于此次袭击，突尼斯政府已关闭了与利比亚的两个边境口岸。

The Tunisian military has sent reinforcements and helicopters to the area.

突尼斯军队已向该地区派遣了增援部队和直升机。

And authorities have been hunting several attackers who are still at large.

当局一直在搜捕几名仍在逃的袭击者。

The violence came amid increasing international concern about Islamic State extremists in Libya.

此次暴力事件发生之际，国际社会对利比亚境内的伊斯兰国极端分子日益担忧。

Officials of the Tunisian government are especially worried after dozens of tourists were killed in the attacks in Tunisia last year.

突尼斯政府官员尤其担忧，因为去年在突尼斯发生的袭击中，数十名游客遇害。

Defence Minister Farhat Horchani said last week that German and American security experts were expected to come to help Tunisia devise a new electronic video supervision system on its border with Libya.

国防部长法尔哈特·霍尔查尼上周表示，德国和美国安全专家预计将前来帮助突尼斯设计一个与利比亚边境的新电子视频监控系统。

Tunisia was targeted last year by three attacks that left 70 people dead and were claimed by Islamic State.

去年，突尼斯遭到三次袭击，造成70人死亡，这些袭击被伊斯兰国宣称负责。

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题3和4基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 3. What did the Tunisian government do after the gunmen's attack?

问题3. 武装分子袭击后，突尼斯政府采取了什么措施？

Question 4. What were German and American security experts expected to do in Tunisia?

问题4. 德国和美国安全专家预计将在突尼斯做什么？

News report 3.

新闻报道3。

Three university students in Santiago, Chile have developed a plant-powered device to charge their mobile phones.

智利圣地亚哥的三名大学生开发了一种植物动力装置，用于为他们的手机充电。

The three engineering students got the idea for the device while sitting in their school's courtyard.

这三名工程系学生坐在学校庭院里时，产生了这个装置的想法。

Their invention is a small biological circuit they call e-kaiya.

他们的发明是一个小型生物电路，他们称之为e-kaiya。

It captures the energy which plants produce during photosynthesis, a process of converting sunlight into energy.

它捕获植物在光合作用期间产生的能量，光合作用是将阳光转化为能量的过程。

A plant uses only a small part of the energy produced by that process.

植物只使用该过程产生的能量的一小部分。

The rest goes into the soil.

其余部分进入土壤。

E-kaiya collects that energy.

e-kaiya收集那种能量。

The device plugs into the ground and then into a mobile phone.

该装置插入地面，然后连接到手机。

The e-kaiya solves two problems for the engineering students.

e-kaiya为工程系学生解决了两个问题。

They needed an idea for a class project.

他们需要一个课堂项目的想法。

They also needed an outlet to plug in their phones.

他们还需要一个插座来插手机。

One of the student inventors, Kamilia Rybczyk, says the device changes the energy released from the plant into low-level power to charge phones.

学生发明者之一，Kamilia Rybczyk，说该装置将植物释放的能量转化为低功率来充电手机。

The e-kaiya is able to fully recharge a mobile phone in less than two hours.

e-kaiya能够在不到两小时内完全充满一部手机。

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题5到7基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 5. What did the three university students invent?

问题5. 这三名大学生发明了什么？

Question 6. When did they get the idea for the invention?

问题6. 他们什么时候产生了这个发明的想法？

Question 7. What does the speaker say about the invention?

问题7. 说话者对这个发明说了什么？

Conversation 1.

对话1。

M: Good morning.

早上好。

M: What can I do for you?

我能为您做什么？

F: Good morning.

早上好。

F: Could I talk to Geoffrey Harding, please?

请问可以和Geoffrey Harding通话吗？

M: Speaking.

我就是。

F: Hello, Geoff.

你好，Geoff。

F: It's Helen.

我是Helen。

F: I got your message on the answering machine.

我在答录机上收到了你的留言。

F: What's the problem?

出了什么问题？

M: Oh, Helen.

哦，Helen。

M: Well, it's the Grimsby plant again, I'm afraid.

嗯，恐怕又是Grimsby工厂的问题。

M: The robots on line 3 have gone wrong and the lines are at a standstill.

3号线的机器人出了故障，生产线已经停滞了。

F: Can't you replace them with the stand-ins?

你们不能用备用机器人替换它们吗？

M: I'm afraid not.

恐怕不行。

M: The stand-ins are already in use on line 6 and the ones from line 6 are being serviced.

备用机器人已经在6号线上使用，而6号线的那些正在维修。

F: When did this happen, Geoff?

这是什么时候发生的，Geoff？

M: Well, they've been making a low continuous sound for a day or two, but they finally went dead at 2.

嗯，它们一两天来一直发出低沉的连续声音，但最终在2点停止了。

M: 30 this afternoon.

下午30分。

F: I see.

我明白了。

F: What did you do?

你做了什么？

F: Have you tried the whole plant?

你试过整个工厂吗？

M: Not yet, Helen.

还没有，Helen。

M: I thought I'd better get your OK first.

我想最好先得到你的同意。

F: OK.

好的。

F: Get on the phone to Tom and try to get their stand-ins over tonight.

给Tom打电话，试着今晚把他们的备用机器人调过来。

F: We have to be back at full capacity tomorrow morning.

我们明天早上必须恢复满负荷运行。

F: Is it a major job to repair our robots?

修理我们的机器人是项大工程吗？

M: About a week.

大约一周。

M: That's what the maintenance engineer says.

维修工程师是这么说的。

F: Right.

好的。

F: Well, if you can get the ones from Hull, please ask Tom to inform Sheffield that he may need their stand-ins in case of emergency during the next week.

嗯，如果你能从Hull调来备用机器人，请告诉Tom通知Sheffield，下周紧急情况下可能需要他们的备用机器人。

M: OK.

好的。

M: Thank you very much, Helen.

非常感谢你，Helen。

F: You're most welcome.

不客气。

M: Sorry to spoil your day off.

抱歉打扰了你的休息日。

F: It doesn't matter.

没关系。

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

第8至11题基于你刚才听到的对话。

Question 8. What did the man do before the telephone conversation?

第8题。在电话对话之前，男士做了什么？

Question 9. What does the man say about line 3 in the Grimsby plant?

第9题。男士对Grimsby工厂的3号线说了什么？

Question 10. What is the man's purpose in calling the woman?

问题10. 男人给女人打电话的目的是什么？

Question 11. Where is the woman at the time of the conversation?

问题11. 对话发生时，女人在哪里？

Conversation 2.

对话二。

F: This is Carrie Burke from New York Daily News.

我是来自《纽约每日新闻》的凯丽·伯克。

F: I'm speaking to Delroy Simmons, an unemployed Brooklyn man who missed a job interview Tuesday for the best of reasons.

我正在采访德洛伊·西蒙斯，他是一位布鲁克林的失业者，因一个最好的原因错过了周二的面试。

F: He was saving the life of a nine-month-old boy who was blown into the path of an oncoming subway train by a high wind.

他救了一个九个月大的男孩的命，这个男孩被大风吹到了迎面而来的地铁列车的轨道上。

M: Everybody is making me out to be some sort of superhero.

大家都把我描绘成某种超级英雄。

M: I'm just an ordinary person and a father of two.

我只是个普通人，是两个孩子的父亲。

M: Anybody in that situation would have done what I did.

任何人在那种情况下都会做我所做的事。

F: You were going to an interview when the incident occurred, right?

事件发生时，你正要去面试，对吧？

M: Yes.

是的。

M: I was on my way to apply for a maintenance position.

我当时正去申请一个维护职位。

M: I've been looking for a job for a year and more.

我已经找了一年多的工作了。

M: I'm looking for something to support my family.

我在寻找能养家糊口的工作。

F: Tell us what happened at the station.

告诉我们车站发生了什么。

M: There was a strong wind.

有一阵大风。

M: It had to be 30 to 40 miles an hour.

风速肯定有每小时30到40英里。

M: There was a woman with four kids.

有一位妇女带着四个孩子。

M: One was in a push chair.

其中一个在婴儿车里。

M: The wind blew the baby onto the tracks.

风把婴儿吹到了轨道上。

F: Witnesses said people were looking on in horror as a child's mother, identified by sources as Maria Zamara, stood frozen in shock.

目击者称，当孩子的母亲（消息来源确认为玛丽亚·扎马拉）因震惊而僵立不动时，人们惊恐地看着。

F: In the distance, people could see the train rounding a bend, headed into the station.

在远处，人们可以看到列车转弯驶入车站。

F: I guess you were not aware of any of these, right?

我猜你当时并不知道这些情况，对吧？

M: No.

不知道。

M: I just jumped down and grabbed the baby.

我只是跳下去抓住了婴儿。

M: The train was coming around the corner as I lifted the baby from the tracks.

当我从轨道上抱起婴儿时，列车正转弯驶来。

M: I really wasn't thinking.

我真的没有思考。

F: What an amazing story.

多么惊人的故事啊。

F: Thank you very much.

非常感谢。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题12到15基于你刚刚听到的对话。

Question 12. What did Kerry Burke from New York Daily News say about the man?

问题12. 来自《纽约每日新闻》的凯丽·伯克对这位男子说了什么？

Question 13. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?

问题13. 从对话中我们了解到关于这位男子的什么信息？

Question 14. What caused the incident?

问题14. 事件的原因是什么？

Question 15. How did the mother react when the incident occurred?

问题15. 事件发生时，母亲是如何反应的？

Passage 1.

段落1。

There's one sound that gets a big reaction from kids on a hot day.

在炎热的日子里，有一种声音能让孩子们反应强烈。

The sound of an ice cream truck.

冰淇淋卡车的声音。

Maria McCartney has been in the mobile ice cream business since 2005.

玛丽亚·麦卡特尼自2005年以来一直在从事流动冰淇淋生意。

When I was a little girl, I saw an ice cream truck and knew I wanted to have one someday, McCartney said.

麦卡特尼说：'当我还是个小女孩时，我看到一辆冰淇淋卡车，就知道有一天我想拥有自己的冰淇淋卡车。'

During the hot days of summer, Maria and her daughter drive an ice cream truck through neighbourhoods and parks in Billings.

在炎热的夏日，玛丽亚和她的女儿驾驶冰淇淋卡车穿过比林斯的社区和公园。

It's not about making money for this former elementary school teacher.

对于这位前小学老师来说，这不是为了赚钱。

Rather, she wants to preserve the tradition of the neighbourhood ice cream truck.

相反，她想保留社区冰淇淋卡车的传统。

Truly my favourite part is to see the kids jumping up and down and they just get so excited.

我最喜欢的部分是看到孩子们跳上跳下，他们非常兴奋。

It's great to build a memory for them too.

为他们创造美好的回忆也很棒。

There's not a lot of these ice cream trucks around anymore.

现在这样的冰淇淋卡车已经不多了。

The parents come out barefoot and screaming, ready to buy ice cream.

父母们赤脚跑出来，喊叫着，准备买冰淇淋。

They remember when they were kids and they saw a truck, she said.

她说：'他们记得小时候看到冰淇淋卡车的情景。'

While the treats may be ice cold, Maria has a warm heart for little faces.

虽然冰淇淋可能是冰冷的，但玛丽亚对孩子们有着温暖的心。

Her truck features a donation bucket for kids who don't have money for ice cream.

她的卡车设有一个捐款桶，给那些没有钱买冰淇淋的孩子。

When there are three kids and only two of them have money, I always make sure the third one gets something because I can't drive away and have that third one not have something, she said.

她说：'当有三个孩子而只有两个有钱时，我总是确保第三个孩子能得到东西，因为我不能开车离开，让第三个孩子什么都没有。'

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题16至18基于你刚才听到的段落。

Question 16. What does a speaker say about Maria McCartney?

问题16. 关于玛丽亚·麦卡特尼，说话者说了什么？

Question 17. Why does Maria go into the mobile ice cream business?

问题17. 为什么玛丽亚进入流动冰淇淋生意？

Question 18. Why does Maria put a donation bucket in her truck?

问题18. 为什么玛丽亚在她的卡车里放一个捐款桶？

Passage 2.

第二段。

We know we have to pay for what we get.

我们知道我们必须为所得到的东西付费。

If we buy food, we have to pay for it.

如果我们购买食物，我们必须为之付费。

If a doctor treats us, we know there will be a bill to pay.

如果医生治疗我们，我们知道会有一笔账单要支付。

These are private bills, but there are also public bills to be paid.

这些是私人账单，但也有公共账单需要支付。

They are paid by the government.

它们由政府支付。

In turn, we get the needed services.

反过来，我们获得了所需的服务。

We pay for these services through taxes.

我们通过税收为这些服务付费。

What would happen if everyone stopped paying taxes?

如果每个人都停止纳税，会发生什么？

The water supply would stop.

供水会停止。

The streets might not be cleaned.

街道可能不会被清洁。

Schools would be closed.

学校会关闭。

We would not want to live in such a city.

我们不会想住在这样的城市里。

The chief duty of every government is to protect persons and property.

每个政府的首要职责是保护人身和财产。

More than three-fourths of government expenses are used for this purpose.

超过四分之三的政府开支用于此目的。

The next largest amount of public money goes to teach and train our citizens.

第二大笔公共资金用于教育和培训我们的公民。

Billions of dollars each year are spent on schools and libraries.

每年数十亿美元用于学校和图书馆。

Also a large amount of public funds is spent on roads.

此外，大量公共资金用于道路。

Most of the needed funds is raised by taxes.

大部分所需资金通过税收筹集。

The law orders us to pay taxes.

法律要求我们纳税。

We have no choice in the matter.

我们在这件事上没有选择。

Years ago, the government made money by selling public lands.

多年前，政府通过出售公共土地赚钱。

But most of the best public lands have now been sold.

但大多数最好的公共土地现在已经售出。

There are still some public lands that contain oil, coal and other natural resources.

仍有一些公共土地含有石油、煤炭和其他自然资源。

They could be sold, but we want to save them for future years.

它们可以出售，但我们想为未来保留它们。

So we all must pay our share for the services that make our lives comfortable.

因此，我们都必须为使我们生活舒适的服务支付我们应尽的份额。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题19至21基于你刚才听到的段落。

Question 19. What does the speaker mainly talk about?

问题19. 说话者主要谈论什么？

Question 20. What is most of the government money used for?

问题20. 大部分政府资金用于什么？

Question 21. How did the government raise money to pay public bills in the past?

问题21. 过去政府如何筹集资金支付公共账单？

Passage 3.

第三段。

Did you know that, besides larger places like France and Germany, Europe is home to several extremely tiny countries?

你知道吗，除了像法国和德国这样较大的地方外，欧洲还是几个极小国家的家园？

One of these countries contains less than a square mile of land.

其中一个国家的土地面积不足一平方英里。

Another is surrounded on all sides by Italy.

另一个国家则完全被意大利包围。

Yet each is an independent land with its own government, trade and customs.

然而，每个国家都是独立的领土，拥有自己的政府、贸易和海关。

One of the best known of these small countries is Monaco.

这些小国中最著名的之一是摩纳哥。

It is situated on the Mediterranean Sea and surrounded by France on three sides.

它位于地中海沿岸，三面被法国包围。

Monaco became familiar to Americans when its ruler, Prince Rainier, married the American actress Grace Kelly.

当摩纳哥的统治者兰尼埃亲王与美国女演员格蕾丝·凯利结婚时，美国人开始熟悉摩纳哥。

Rainier's family has ruled Monaco almost continuously since 1297.

自1297年以来，兰尼埃家族几乎一直统治着摩纳哥。

The land has been independent for over 300 years.

这片领土已独立超过300年。

Andorra, with an area of some 200 square miles, is considerably larger than Monaco.

安道尔，面积约200平方英里，比摩纳哥大得多。

This country is located in the Pyrenees Mountains, with France on one side and Spain on the other.

这个国家位于比利牛斯山脉，一侧是法国，另一侧是西班牙。

Potatoes and tobacco are grown in Andorra's steep mountain valleys.

土豆和烟草种植在安道尔陡峭的山谷中。

One of the products it exports is clothing.

它出口的产品之一是服装。

Andorra is also known for its excellent skiing locations.

安道尔还以其出色的滑雪地点而闻名。

Within the Alps, in central Europe, is Liechtenstein, a tiny country of about 30,000 people who speak mostly German.

在阿尔卑斯山脉，中欧，是列支敦士登，一个约30,000人的小国，主要说德语。

Liechtenstein uses the same money as its neighbour Switzerland, but it has been an independent country since the 1860s.

列支敦士登使用与其邻国瑞士相同的货币，但自19世纪60年代以来一直是一个独立国家。

Taxes are low, so many businesses have their headquarters here.

税收低廉，因此许多企业将总部设在这里。

The country makes and exports a lot of machinery.

该国制造并出口大量机械。

Other small, independent states in Europe are San Marino and Luxembourg.

欧洲其他独立的小国是圣马力诺和卢森堡。

Each of these has unique qualities as well.

这些国家也各有独特的品质。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

第22至25题基于你刚刚听到的篇章。

Question 22. What does the speaker say about Monaco?

问题22。演讲者说了关于摩纳哥的什么？

Question 23. Why did Monaco become familiar to Americans, according to the speaker?

问题23。根据演讲者，为什么美国人开始熟悉摩纳哥？

Question 24. What is one of the products Andorra exports?

问题24。安道尔出口的产品之一是什么？

Question 25. What does the speaker mainly talk about?

问题25。演讲者主要谈论了什么？