2018年06月四级第2套仔细阅读 Passage 1 原文翻译及答案解析

Living in an urban area with green spaces has a long-lasting positive impact on people's mental well-being, a study has suggested. UK researchers found moving to a green space had a sustained positive effect, unlike pay rises or promotions, which only provided a short-term boost. Co-author Mathew White, from the University of Exeter, UK, explained that the study showed people living in greener urban areas were displaying fewer signs of depression or anxiety. "There could be a number of reasons," he said, "for example, people do many things to make themselves happier: they strive for promotion or pay rises, or they get married. But the trouble with those things is that within six months to a year, people are back to their original baseline levels of well-being. So, these things are not sustainable; they don't make us happy in the long term. We found that for some lottery (彩票) winners who had won more than ￡500,000 the positive effect was definitely there, but after six months to a year, they were back to the baseline."

一项研究表明，居住在拥有绿地的城市地区对人们的心理健康有长期的积极影响。英国研究人员发现，搬到绿地具有持续的积极效果，这与加薪或晋升不同，后者只能提供短期的提振。合著者马修·怀特来自英国埃克塞特大学，他解释说，该研究显示，居住在绿化更好的城市地区的人表现出更少的抑郁或焦虑迹象。"可能有很多原因，"他说，"例如，人们做很多事情让自己更快乐：他们努力争取晋升或加薪，或者结婚。但这些事情的麻烦在于，在六个月到一年内，人们就会回到原来的基本幸福水平。所以，这些事情是不可持续的；它们不能让我们长期快乐。我们发现，对于一些赢得超过50万英镑的彩票赢家来说，积极效果确实存在，但六个月到一年后，他们也回到了基线水平。"

Dr. White said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas had a lasting positive effect on people's sense of well-being or whether the effect also disappeared after a period of time. To do this, the team used data from the British Household Panel Survey compiled by the University of Essex.

怀特博士说，他的团队想要看看居住在绿化更好的城市地区是否对人们的幸福感有持久的积极影响，或者这种影响是否也会在一段时间后消失。为此，该团队使用了埃塞克斯大学编制的英国家庭面板调查数据。

Explaining what the data revealed, he said: "What you see is that even after three years, mental health is still better, which is unlike many other things that we think will make us happy." He observed that people living in green spaces were less stressed, and less stressed people made more sensible decisions and communicated better.

他解释数据揭示的内容说："你所看到的是，即使三年后，心理健康仍然更好，这与我们认为能让我们快乐的许多其他事情不同。"他观察到，居住在绿地的人压力更小，而压力更小的人会做出更明智的决策，并且沟通得更好。

With a growing body of evidence establishing a link between urban green spaces and a positive impact on human well-being, Dr. White said, "There's growing interest among public policy officials, but the trouble is who funds it. What we really need at a policy level is to decide where the money will come from to help support good quality local green spaces."

随着越来越多的证据建立城市绿地与人类幸福积极影响之间的联系，怀特博士说："公共政策官员对此越来越感兴趣，但问题是谁来资助它。我们真正需要在政策层面做的是决定资金从哪里来，以帮助支持优质的当地绿地。"