2019年12月四级第3套听力原文及答案解析

News Report 1.

新闻报道1。

New York City Police captured a cow on the loose in Prospect Park on Tuesday after the animal became an attraction for tourists while walking along the streets and enjoying the park facilities.

周二，纽约警方在展望公园捕获了一头逃窜的奶牛，此前这头动物在沿街行走并享受公园设施时成为了游客的吸引点。

The confused creature and camera-holding humans stared at each other through a fence for several minutes.

这头困惑的动物和手持相机的人们透过围栏互相凝视了几分钟。

At other times, the cow wandered around the 526-acre park and the artificial grass field normally used for human sporting events.

在其他时候，这头奶牛在526英亩的公园和通常用于人类体育赛事的人造草坪上四处游荡。

Officers used soccer goals to fence the animal in.

警官们用足球门将这头动物围住。

However, the cow then moved through one of the nets, knocking down a police officer in the process.

然而，这头奶牛随后穿过其中一个网，在过程中撞倒了一名警官。

Police eventually trapped the cow between two vehicles parked on either side of a baseball field's bench area.

警方最终将这头奶牛困在停放在棒球场长椅区两侧的两辆车之间。

An officer then shot an arrow to put it to sleep.

然后一名警官射出一支箭使其入睡。

Then officers waited for the drug to take effect.

接着警官们等待药物生效。

After it fell asleep, they loaded the cow into a horse trailer.

在它入睡后，他们将奶牛装进一辆马拖车。

It was not clear where the cow came from or how it got lost.

尚不清楚这头奶牛来自何处或如何走失。

Police turned it over to the Animal Control Department after they caught it.

警方捕获后将其移交给动物控制部门。

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题1和问题2基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 1. What happened in New York's Prospect Park on Tuesday?

问题1. 周二在纽约展望公园发生了什么？

Question 2. What do we learn about the cow from the end of the news report?

问题2. 从新闻报道的结尾我们了解到关于这头奶牛的什么信息？

News report 2.

新闻报道2。

Starting April 28th of this year, the National Museum of Natural History will begin renovating its Fossil Hall.

从今年4月28日起，国家自然历史博物馆将开始翻新其化石展厅。

The Fossil Hall, which displays some of the world's oldest and largest fossil specimens, receives more than two million visitors each year.

化石展厅展示了世界上最古老和最大的一些化石标本，每年接待超过两百万游客。

It's one of the museum's most famous attractions.

它是博物馆最著名的景点之一。

As a result, the museum plans to expand the hall as well as add to its ancient birds collection.

因此，博物馆计划扩建该展厅，并增加其古代鸟类收藏。

Bird lovers, both young and old, have already responded with excitement at the news.

鸟类爱好者，无论老少，已经对这一消息表示兴奋。

The museum's social media account has been flooded with messages of support.

博物馆的社交媒体账号已被支持消息淹没。

In the meantime, the current collection will be closed.

与此同时，当前的收藏将关闭。

However, visitors will be compensated during the closure.

然而，在关闭期间，游客将得到补偿。

The museum's special exhibition area will now be free of charge.

博物馆的特别展览区现在将免费开放。

This week, the resident exhibition is a display of ancient wall paintings on loan from Australia.

本周，常设展览是来自澳大利亚的古代壁画展示。

They celebrate the cultural heritage of the country and will be available to view until Sunday.

它们庆祝该国的文化遗产，可参观至周日。

Next week, the exhibition will be taken over by the Wildlife Photographer of the Year competition.

下周，展览将由年度野生动物摄影师比赛接管。

The winner of this year's competition will be awarded a preview of the new Fossil Hall as well as a cash prize.

今年比赛的获胜者将获得新化石展厅的预览以及现金奖励。

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题3和4基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 3. What does the news report say about the Fossil Hall of the National Museum of Natural History?

问题3. 新闻报道关于国家自然历史博物馆的化石展厅说了什么？

Question 4. What is on display this week in the museum's resident exhibition hall?

问题4. 本周博物馆的常设展厅中展示了什么？

News report 3.

新闻报道3。

Six birds have just been trained to pick up rubbish at a French historical theme park.

在法国一家历史主题公园，六只鸟刚刚被训练来捡拾垃圾。

According to the park's manager, Mr.

据公园经理先生称，

Villiers, the goal is not just to clear up the park.

维利尔斯表示，目标不仅仅是清理公园。

He says visitors are already good at keeping things clean.

他说游客已经很擅长保持环境清洁。

Instead, he wants to show that nature itself can teach us to take care of the environment.

相反，他想表明大自然本身就能教会我们保护环境。

He says that rooks, the chosen birds, are considered to be particularly intelligent.

他说，被选中的鸟——白嘴鸦，被认为特别聪明。

In the right circumstances, they even like to communicate with humans and establish a relationship through play.

在适当的情况下，它们甚至喜欢与人类交流，并通过玩耍建立关系。

The birds will be encouraged to clean the park through the use of a small box that delivers a small amount of bird food each time the rook deposits a cigarette end or small piece of rubbish.

通过使用一个小箱子来鼓励这些鸟清洁公园，每当白嘴鸦投放一个烟头或一小块垃圾时，箱子就会释放少量鸟食。

So far, visitors to the theme park have been excited to see the birds in action.

到目前为止，主题公园的游客看到这些鸟在行动时都很兴奋。

However, some parents are concerned that it encourages their children to drop litter so they can watch the birds pick it up.

然而，一些家长担心这会鼓励他们的孩子乱扔垃圾，以便观看鸟捡拾垃圾。

Villiers is not concerned about this criticism.

维利尔斯并不担心这种批评。

He maintains most of the feedback he has received has been overwhelmingly positive.

他坚持认为，他收到的大部分反馈都是压倒性的积极评价。

He hopes now to train more birds.

他现在希望训练更多的鸟。

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

第5至第7题基于你刚才听到的新闻报道。

Question 5. What have six birds been trained to do at a French historical theme park?

问题5。在法国一家历史主题公园，六只鸟被训练来做什么？

Question 6. Why were rooks chosen by the park manager?

问题6。为什么公园经理选择了白嘴鸦？

Question 7. What is the concern of some parents? In this section, you'll hear two long conversations.

问题7。一些家长的担忧是什么？在这一部分，你将听到两段长对话。

Conversation 1.

对话1。

F: The name of the TV show we wish to produce is Science Nation.

我们希望制作的电视节目名称是《科学国度》。

M: Please tell us more.

请告诉我们更多细节。

M: What will Science Nation be about?

《科学国度》将关于什么？

F: It'll be about science.

它将关于科学。

F: All sorts of science.

各种科学领域。

F: Each episode will focus on a different area of science and tell us what we know, how we know it and what we still don't know.

每一集将聚焦于不同的科学领域，告诉我们我们知道什么、我们如何知道以及我们仍然不知道什么。

F: The show will have one host only and this will be Professor Susan Powell from Harvard University.

节目将只有一位主持人，她是哈佛大学的苏珊·鲍威尔教授。

F: She's a great public speaker.

她是一位优秀的公众演讲者。

M: So just to be clear, will the show's format be like that of a documentary?

那么，明确一下，节目的形式会像纪录片吗？

F: Kind of.

有点像。

F: It'll be like a documentary in the sense that it'll be non-fiction and fact-based.

它就像纪录片，因为它将是非虚构的和基于事实的。

F: However, our idea is for it to be also fun and entertaining.

然而，我们的想法是让它也有趣和娱乐性。

F: Something which traditional documentaries aren't so much.

这是传统纪录片不太具备的。

F: Please keep in mind this will be a new TV show like nothing ever done before.

请记住，这将是一个前所未有的新电视节目。

M: OK.

好的。

M: So it'll be both educational and entertaining.

所以它将兼具教育性和娱乐性。

M: And your audience will be anyone interested in science, right?

你的观众将是任何对科学感兴趣的人，对吧？

F: That's correct.

没错。

F: Yes.

是的。

M: Right.

正确。

M: Thank you.

谢谢。

M: So I think we're more or less clear on what the show will be like.

所以我认为我们大致清楚节目会是什么样的了。

M: Could you please tell us now what exactly you want from us?

现在你能告诉我们你具体想要我们做什么吗？

F: Yes, of course.

是的，当然。

F: Basically, what we need from you is financial support.

基本上，我们需要你的是资金支持。

F: In order to go ahead with this idea, we need two million dollars.

为了推进这个想法，我们需要两百万美元。

F: This would cover the cost of making all 12 shows in the first season for the first year.

这将覆盖第一年第一季制作所有12集节目的成本。

F: If the show is a success, we can then look at making a second season for the following year.

如果节目成功，我们可以考虑为下一年制作第二季。

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题8至11基于你刚刚听到的对话。

Question 8. What do we learn about the TV show Science Nation?

问题8. 关于电视节目《科学国度》我们了解到什么？

Question 9. In what way will the TV show Science Nation differ from traditional documentaries?

问题9. 电视节目《科学国度》在哪些方面将不同于传统纪录片？

Question 10. Who will be the audience of the TV show Science Nation?

问题10. 电视节目《科学国度》的观众将是哪些人？

Question 11. What does the woman want the man to do for the TV show?

问题11. 这位女士希望这位男士为电视节目做什么？

Conversation 2.

对话二。

F: What's up with you?

你怎么了？

F: You don't look very happy.

你看起来不太高兴。

M: I feel like I'm a failure.

我觉得自己是个失败者。

M: I can't seem to do anything very well.

我好像什么都做不好。

F: I wouldn't say that.

我不会这么说。

F: You do very well in a lot of things.

你在很多事情上都做得很好。

F: That presentation you gave last week was excellent.

你上周做的那个演示非常出色。

M: Yes, but I have this urge to strive for perfection.

是的，但我有种追求完美的冲动。

M: I really want to push harder and progress further.

我真的很想更加努力，取得更大进步。

F: Well, that's very admirable, but be careful.

嗯，这很令人钦佩，但要小心。

F: Over-concern with being perfect can damage our confidence if we never achieve it.

如果永远无法实现完美，过度关注完美会损害我们的信心。

M: Yes, I know.

是的，我知道。

M: I feel awful whenever I make a mistake in whatever I'm trying to do.

每当我在做任何事情时犯错，我都感觉很糟糕。

F: Well, think about it.

嗯，想想看。

F: You can't make progress without making mistakes and learning from them.

不犯错并从中学习，就无法取得进步。

F: Thomas Edison, the famous inventor, once said, I've not failed.

著名发明家托马斯·爱迪生曾说：‘我没有失败。’

F: I've just found 10,000 ways that won't work.

我只是找到了一万种行不通的方法。

M: You may well be right.

你很可能说得对。

M: I guess I should recognize my mistakes and learn the lesson they teach me and move forward.

我想我应该承认错误，吸取教训，并继续前进。

F: Also, remember a successful ending is not the only thing worthy of a celebration.

另外，记住成功的结局并不是唯一值得庆祝的事情。

F: You need to recognize each step of progress you take towards achieving your goals, and no matter how tiny it is, it's still good news.

你需要认识到在实现目标过程中迈出的每一步进步，无论多么微小，都是好消息。

M: I always feel down when I see others accomplishing things, and I feel miserable about my own achievements.

每当我看到别人取得成就时，我总是感到沮丧，并对自己的成就感到痛苦。

M: I'm always trying to be as good as others, but I never seem to get there.

我总是试图像别人一样优秀，但似乎从未达到。

F: Listen, if you always compare yourself with others, you'll never feel good enough.

听着，如果你总是和别人比较，你永远觉得自己不够好。

F: You're the only person you should be comparing yourself with.

你应该只与自己比较。

F: When you compare your current status with the starting point, you'll find you've made progress, right?

当你将现在的状态与起点比较时，你会发现你已经取得了进步，对吧？

F: That's good enough.

这就足够好了。

M: That's great advice.

这是很好的建议。

M: Thank you.

谢谢。

M: I'm feeling better already.

我已经感觉好多了。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题12到15基于你刚才听到的对话。

Question 12. How does the man feel about himself?

问题12。这名男子对自己感觉如何？

Question 13. What does the woman think is the man's problem?

问题13。女子认为男子的问题是什么？

Question 14. How does the man feel when he sees others accomplishing things?

问题14。当男子看到别人取得成就时，他感觉如何？

Question 15. What does the woman suggest the man do?

问题15。女子建议男子做什么？

Passage 1.

段落1。

Single-sex education can have enormous benefits for female students.

单性别教育对女性学生可能有巨大的益处。

Numerous studies have shown that women who attend single-sex schools tend to have stronger self-confidence, better study habits, and more ambitious career goals than women who attend coeducational schools.

大量研究表明，就读于单性别学校的女性往往比就读于男女同校的女性拥有更强的自信心、更好的学习习惯和更远大的职业目标。

Girls who graduate from single-sex schools are three times more likely to become engineers than those who attend coeducational schools.

从单性别学校毕业的女孩成为工程师的可能性是从男女同校毕业的女孩的三倍。

The reason is that all girls' schools encourage women to enter fields traditionally dominated by men, such as science, technology, and engineering.

原因是，所有女子学校鼓励女性进入传统上由男性主导的领域，如科学、技术和工程。

In coeducational schools, girls are often expected to succeed only in the humanities or the arts.

在男女同校的学校中，女孩往往被期望只在人文或艺术领域取得成功。

Research has also shown that in coeducational settings, teachers are more likely to praise and give in-depth responses to a boy's comments in class.

研究还表明，在男女同校的环境中，教师更有可能在课堂上对男孩的评论给予表扬和深入的回应。

In contrast, they might only respond to a girl's comments with a nod.

相比之下，他们可能只是点头回应女孩的评论。

They're also more likely to encourage boys to work through problems on their own, while they tend to step in and help girls who struggle with a problem.

他们也更有可能鼓励男孩自己解决问题，而倾向于介入并帮助遇到困难的女孩。

In an all-girls setting, girls are more likely to speak up frequently and make significant contributions to class than in a coeducational setting.

在全女子环境中，女孩更有可能频繁发言并对课堂做出重要贡献，而在男女同校的环境中则不然。

Girls studying in a single-sex setting also earn higher scores on their college board and advanced placement exams than girls who study in coeducational settings.

在单性别环境中学习的女孩在大学入学考试和先修课程考试中得分也高于在男女同校环境中学习的女孩。

All girls' schools tend to be smaller than coeducational schools, which means teachers will be able to tailor the materials to girls' students' personal learning styles and interests.

所有女子学校往往比男女同校的学校规模小，这意味着教师能够根据女生的个人学习风格和兴趣定制教材。

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题16至18基于你刚才听到的段落。

Question 16. What advantage does the speaker say girls from single-sex schools have over those from coeducational schools?

问题16. 演讲者说单性别学校的女孩相比男女同校的女孩有什么优势？

Question 17. What do teachers tend to do in coeducational settings?

问题17. 在男女同校的环境中，教师倾向于做什么？

Question 18. What are teachers more likely to do in an all-girls school?

问题18. 在全女子学校中，教师更有可能做什么？

Passage 2.

第二段。

Today, I found out that Seattle doesn't really get that much rain compared with most U .

今天，我发现西雅图与大多数美国

S.

国

cities.

城市。

In fact, Seattle ranks 44th among major U .

事实上，西雅图在美国主要

S.

国

cities in average annual rainfall.

城市中，年平均降雨量排名第44位。

Cities that get more rainfall than Seattle include Houston, Memphis, Nashville, and pretty much every major city on the eastern coast, such as New York, Boston, and Miami.

获得比西雅图更多降雨的城市包括休斯顿、孟菲斯、纳什维尔，以及几乎每一个东海岸的主要城市，如纽约、波士顿和迈阿密。

So, why does everyone think of Seattle as a rainy city?

那么，为什么每个人都认为西雅图是一个多雨的城市呢？

The primary root of this misconception lies in that Seattle has a relatively large number of days per year with rainfall compared with New York and Boston, which get an average of about 16 percent more rain per year than Seattle, but also average between them about 36 fewer days a year of rainfall.

这种误解的主要根源在于，与纽约和波士顿相比，西雅图每年有相对较多的降雨天数，而后两者的年平均降雨量比西雅图多约16%，但平均每年降雨天数比西雅图少约36天。

So, it rains a lot less than Seattle, and the rain is spread out over more days than those cities.

所以，西雅图的降雨量少得多，而且雨分布在更多天里。

This is why few locals in Seattle carry an umbrella generally.

这就是为什么西雅图当地人很少携带雨伞。

When it does rain, it tends to be a very light rain that isn't troublesome.

当下雨时，往往是小雨，不会造成麻烦。

It almost never really rains, as most people think.

几乎从不像大多数人认为的那样真正下雨。

On top of that, it never really storms in Seattle either.

除此之外，西雅图也几乎没有暴风雨。

Seattle gets an average of a mere seven days a year with thunder.

西雅图平均每年只有七天有雷声。

So, in short, if you like sunny but not too hot summers, mild winters, but with lots of cloudy days, Seattle's the place to be.

所以，简而言之，如果你喜欢阳光但不太热的夏天、温和的冬季，但有很多阴天，西雅图是理想之地。

Anyway, if you visit Seattle, don't bring an umbrella.

总之，如果你访问西雅图，不要带雨伞。

People will look at you thinking you're funny.

人们会看着你，觉得你很有趣。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题19到21基于你刚刚听到的篇章。

Question 19. What did the speaker find out about Seattle?

问题19。演讲者发现了西雅图的什么情况？

Question 20. Why do local people in Seattle seldom carry an umbrella?

问题20。为什么西雅图当地人很少携带雨伞？

Question 21. Why does the speaker say Seattle is a good place to be?

问题21。为什么演讲者说西雅图是一个好地方？

Passage 3.

第三段。

After a tough workout or a day full of physical activity, it's common to find your muscles aching.

在一次艰苦的锻炼或充满体力活动的一天后，发现肌肉酸痛是很常见的。

But where do these pains come from?

但这些疼痛从何而来呢？

According to a German professor, the soreness comes from straining your muscles in an uncommon way.

根据一位德国教授的说法，酸痛来自于以不寻常的方式拉伤肌肉。

For example, jumping on a bicycle for a ride.

例如，跳上自行车骑行。

Because you haven't ridden in a long time, soreness occurs since your leg muscles aren't used to that movement.

因为你很久没有骑车了，所以会出现酸痛，因为你的腿部肌肉不习惯那种运动。

When muscles perform an activity, they aren't regularly exposed to the tiny fibers that are inside them are being torn apart.

当肌肉进行一项不经常进行的活动时，内部的微小纤维会被撕裂。

As muscle soreness develops, the body has to work to repair the muscle tears.

随着肌肉酸痛的发展，身体必须工作来修复肌肉撕裂。

But this doesn't happen immediately.

但这不会立即发生。

First, the body must realize the muscles are damaged.

首先，身体必须意识到肌肉受损。

When the body realizes the muscles are hurt, the response is to increase blood flow to the area and increase body heat.

当身体意识到肌肉受伤时，反应是增加流向该区域的血流并提高体温。

Damaged cells are then cleaned up and the body sends cells specially designed to break down the large muscle fiber fragments.

然后，受损细胞被清理，身体派出专门设计的细胞来分解大的肌肉纤维碎片。

Healing can take place after this.

在此之后，愈合可以发生。

It takes about a day until these cells make it to your aching muscles.

这些细胞大约需要一天时间才能到达你酸痛的肌肉。

That's why there's most often a delay associated with muscle soreness.

这就是为什么肌肉酸痛通常会有一个延迟。

Repair of damaged cells takes about two days and afterwards the soreness disappears.

修复受损细胞大约需要两天时间，之后酸痛消失。

Unfortunately, there's little that can be done to relieve muscle soreness.

不幸的是，几乎没有什么方法可以缓解肌肉酸痛。

Pain relieving creams don't work, but a hot shower or warm bath can provide some relief.

止痛药膏不起作用，但热水淋浴或温水浴可以提供一些缓解。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题22至25基于你刚刚听到的篇章。

Question 22. What does the German professor say about muscle soreness?

问题22。德国教授对肌肉酸痛有何看法？

Question 23. What happens when muscles are damaged according to the passage?

问题23。根据篇章，当肌肉受损时会发生什么？

Question 24. How long does it take for damaged cells to heal?

问题24。修复受损细胞需要多长时间？

Question 25. What does the speaker suggest one do to relieve muscle soreness?

问题25。演讲者建议如何缓解肌肉酸痛？