2020年12月四级第2套听力原文及答案解析

News Report 1.

新闻报道1。

A waiter has returned a cheque worth nearly $424,000 to a retired social worker who lost it.

一位服务员将一张价值近42.4万美元的支票归还给了一位丢失它的退休社会工作者。

The waiter found a bank envelope while cleaning off a table last Saturday at a restaurant.

上周六，这位服务员在餐厅清理桌子时发现了一个银行信封。

He ran outside, but the customer was gone.

他跑到外面，但顾客已经走了。

He opened the envelope and got a shock.

他打开信封，大吃一惊。

After an unsuccessful search, the restaurant's owner called the Daily News for help.

在寻找未果后，餐厅老板致电《每日新闻》寻求帮助。

The relieved customer was reunited with her cheque on Wednesday.

如释重负的顾客在周三与她的支票团聚。

It contained money from her apartment sale, already planned for a down payment on a new home.

里面装着她出售公寓所得的钱，已经计划用作新房的首付。

The customer did not tip the waiter after her meal.

顾客用餐后没有给服务员小费。

She tried to give him money later on, but he graciously declined.

后来她试图给他钱，但他礼貌地拒绝了。

The waiter, who's working his way through school, did accept the customer's apology and gratitude and said he was happy to have helped her.

这位正在半工半读的服务员接受了顾客的道歉和感激，并说他很高兴能帮助她。

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题1和2基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 1. What does the news report say about the waiter?

问题1：新闻报道对服务员有何描述？

Question 2. What did the customer try to do when she got her cheque back?

问题2：顾客在取回支票后试图做什么？

News Report 2.

新闻报道 2。

The village of Marif in Alaska voted on Tuesday to move to the state's mainland.

阿拉斯加州的马里夫村在周二投票决定迁往该州的大陆。

The move is due to global warming and rising sea levels.

这一搬迁是由于全球变暖和海平面上升。

Most of the village's 169 registered voters took part in the town hall meeting.

该村169名注册选民中的大多数人参加了镇民大会。

They decided in a vote of 89 to 78 to move from their land on Saracef Island near the Arctic Circle.

他们以89票对78票的投票结果决定从北极圈附近的萨拉塞夫岛搬迁。

Marif Council Secretary Donna Barr said the vote was largely symbolic.

马里夫村委员会秘书唐娜·巴尔表示，这次投票在很大程度上是象征性的。

It will be costly financially to the community.

这将给社区带来高昂的经济成本。

About 15 years ago, they estimated the cost at $180 million.

大约15年前，他们估计成本为1.8亿美元。

I would figure it's much higher now, Barr said.

巴尔说：“我估计现在要高得多。”

We don't see the move happening in our lifetime because of the funding.

由于资金问题，我们不认为这一搬迁会在我们有生之年实现。

The village's roughly 650 residents have seen warming temperatures, melt sea ice, and permanently frozen land.

该村大约650名居民已经目睹了气温升高、海冰融化和永久冻土融化。

This has resulted in houses falling into the water.

这导致房屋落入水中。

At least 31 villages in Alaska face immediate threats due to climate change, the Government Accountability Office reported in 2009.

政府问责局在2009年报告称，阿拉斯加至少有31个村庄面临气候变化的直接威胁。

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

第3题和第4题基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 3. What is Marif's vote on Tuesday about?

第3题。马里夫村周二的投票是关于什么？

Question 4. Why did Donna Barr say they wouldn't see the plan carried out any time soon?

第4题。为什么唐娜·巴尔说他们不会很快看到计划实施？

News Report 3.

新闻报道3。

A man in Halifax, Canada, wanted to find out if people were thankful for someone holding the door open for them.

加拿大哈利法克斯的一名男子想弄清楚，当有人为他们开门时，人们是否会表示感谢。

The social experiment showed that 99 out of 100 people expressed gratitude.

这项社会实验显示，100人中有99人表达了感激之情。

I didn't think we were going to get 99.

我没想到我们会得到99这个数字。

I don't know why, but I was pleasantly surprised because it went beyond just thank you.

我不知道为什么，但我感到惊喜，因为这不仅仅是说谢谢。

People got into conversations with us, said Steve Foran, CEO of Gratitude at Work.

人们与我们进行了交谈，'工作中的感恩'公司首席执行官史蒂夫·福兰说道。

What we know from research is that from grateful people come good things, he said.

他说，我们从研究中知道，感恩的人会带来好事。

A simple way to induce gratitude in people is opening doors, and so we went to six places and opened the doors for people.

诱导人们感恩的一个简单方法是开门，因此我们去了六个地方为人们开门。

For the experiment, Foran's team went to a shopping centre, a mall, two office buildings, and a coffee shop.

在这项实验中，福兰的团队去了一个购物中心、一个商场、两座办公楼和一家咖啡店。

The door was held for 15 to 20 people at a time at each location.

在每个地点，每次为15到20人开门。

We did have one that didn't say thank you.

我们确实遇到一个没有说谢谢的人。

We're not here to judge them, because on any given day, that could be me or you.

我们不是来评判他们的，因为在任何一天，那可能是我或你。

I suspect out of the 100 people, there were probably a bunch of them having a bad day.

我怀疑在100人中，可能有一些人那天过得不好。

But grateful people make people grateful, said Foran.

但感恩的人会使其他人感恩，福兰说道。

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题5到7基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 5. What is the purpose of the social experiment?

问题5。这项社会实验的目的是什么？

Question 6. What did Steve Foran and his team do in the experiment?

问题6。史蒂夫·福兰和他的团队在实验中做了什么？

Question 7. What do we learn from the news report? In this section, you'll hear two long conversations.

问题7。我们从新闻报道中学到了什么？在这一部分，你将听到两段长对话。

Conversation 1.

对话1。

F: Rays Solar, Lisa speaking.

Rays Solar公司，我是Lisa。

F: How can I help?

我能帮您什么吗？

M: Hi, my name is Winston.

你好，我叫Winston。

M: I wish to inquire about solar panel installations.

我想咨询一下太阳能板的安装事宜。

F: Yes, what would you like to know?

好的，您想了解什么？

M: Well, my neighbor installed panels on his roof about a year ago in order to power his hot water.

嗯，我的邻居大约一年前在屋顶安装了太阳能板，用来为热水系统供电。

M: He tells me it has saved him over $500 thus far.

他告诉我，到目前为止，这为他节省了超过500美元。

M: Does that sound about right to you?

这听起来合理吗？

F: Well, I'm not familiar with your neighbor or his particular setup, but that amount is definitely possible.

嗯，我不熟悉您的邻居或他的具体设置，但这个金额肯定是有可能的。

F: I can tell you that the average four-bedroom house may typically have a roof with 50 square meters of surface area.

我可以告诉您，一个普通的四居室房屋通常屋顶表面积为50平方米。

F: Four panels on one side of that roof could save a family of four around $300 a year.

在屋顶的一侧安装四块太阳能板，一个四口之家每年大约可以节省300美元。

M: Okay, that sounds about right then.

好的，那听起来差不多合理。

M: My house is about the size you described, but my neighbor's is bigger.

我的房子大概就是你描述的大小，但我邻居的更大。

M: I'm not sure how many panels he has up there, but he does have a large family of six.

我不确定他上面有多少块板，但他确实有一个六口人的大家庭。

F: Are you interested in installing some solar panels on your roof, sir?

先生，您有兴趣在屋顶安装一些太阳能板吗？

M: Yes, I'm considering it.

是的，我在考虑。

F: If you wish to come into our office, we could show you the different solutions we offer.

如果您希望来我们办公室，我们可以向您展示我们提供的不同解决方案。

M: Okay, I might do that.

好的，我可能会去。

M: But just quickly, if you don't mind, could you tell me approximately how much a typical installation costs?

但快速问一下，如果您不介意，能否告诉我一次典型安装大约要花多少钱？

M: Like, say, four panels?

比如说，四块板？

F: Prices do vary depending on different factors, but as a rough estimate, it's around $2,000.

价格确实因不同因素而异，但粗略估计，大约是2000美元。

F: But you know, a typical household will make back that initial investment in about five years.

但你知道，一个典型家庭大约五年就能收回初始投资。

M: Okay, I see.

好的，我明白了。

M: Thank you.

谢谢。

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题8到11基于你刚才听到的对话。

Question 8. What is the man's purpose for calling the woman?

问题8。男士打电话给女士的目的是什么？

Question 9. What do we learn about the man's neighbor from the conversation?

问题9。从对话中我们了解到男士的邻居的什么情况？

Question 10. What is one of the man's chief concerns?

问题10。男士的主要关注点之一是什么？

Question 11. How long will it take a typical household to make back the initial investment?

问题11。一个典型家庭需要多长时间才能收回初始投资？

Conversation 2.

第二段对话。

M: Good afternoon.

下午好。

M: Sorry to have kept you waiting.

抱歉让您久等了。

M: How can I help you?

我能帮您什么忙？

F: Oh, no problem.

哦，没问题。

F: I'm interested in booking a holiday to Australia and wonder if you could tell me what deals you have.

我对预订去澳大利亚的假期感兴趣，想知道您有什么优惠。

M: Sure.

当然。

M: Are you only looking for flights or a package holiday with everything included?

您是只找机票，还是包含一切的打包假期？

F: When you say everything, what do you mean?

您说的一包一切，具体指什么？

M: Well, a package holiday would include your flights, hotels, meals, day trips to different places of interest, and transport to and from the airport.

嗯，打包假期包括您的机票、酒店、餐食、去不同景点的日间旅行，以及往返机场的交通。

F: Yeah, that sounds pretty good.

是的，听起来很不错。

F: I'm going with my family, so it would be nice to have everything taken care of.

我和家人一起去，所以如果能安排好一切就太好了。

F: So, what sort of deals do you have for package holidays, then?

那么，你们对打包假期有什么优惠？

M: All sorts, really.

各种都有，真的。

M: How long do you want to go for and on what dates?

您想去多久，具体日期是什么？

F: Two weeks around Christmastime would be great.

圣诞节期间两周会很好。

M: Okay, let me check that for you.

好的，让我为您查一下。

M: Here's one.

这里有一个。

M: Fourteen nights in southeastern Australia, five nights in Sydney, and five nights in Melbourne.

在澳大利亚东南部住十四晚，在悉尼住五晚，在墨尔本住五晚。

M: And then for the other four nights, you can choose from a list of trips to other places nearby.

然后，对于其他四晚，您可以从附近其他地方的旅行列表中选择。

M: You could visit Canberra, for example, or the Blue Mountains, or you could go for a drive down the Great Ocean Road.

例如，您可以参观堪培拉，或者蓝山，或者您可以驾车沿大洋路行驶。

M: Also, if you're interested in wine, you could go on a tour of the places where they grow grapes and make wine.

此外，如果您对葡萄酒感兴趣，您可以参观种植葡萄和酿造葡萄酒的地方。

F: That sounds great.

听起来很棒。

F: It's good we can choose some activities ourselves.

能自己选择一些活动很好。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

第12到15题基于您刚刚听到的对话。

Question 12. Where is the conversation taking place?

第12题。对话发生在哪里？

Question 13. Why is the woman interested in package holidays?

第13题。为什么女士对打包假期感兴趣？

Question 14. How long does the woman want to go for the holiday?

第14题。女士想去多久？

Question 15. What does the woman say she likes about the holiday package? In this section, you'll hear three passages.

第15题。女士说她喜欢假期套餐的什么？在本节中，您将听到三段文章。

Passage 1.

段落1。

Tourists taking a holiday in the Indonesian island of Bali are facing a new $14 per person tax when they arrive on the holiday island from next year.

从明年起，前往印度尼西亚巴厘岛度假的游客在抵达这个度假岛屿时将面临一项新的人均14美元的税。

But this is a green tax, which Bali Governor Wayan Koster has been working on for months and which is designed to help clean up the island's natural environment.

但这是一项绿色税，巴厘岛省长Wayan Koster已为此工作数月，旨在帮助清理该岛的自然环境。

And with good reason, too.

而且理由充分。

Indonesia is drowning in plastics.

印度尼西亚正被塑料淹没。

Recycling is not one of the country's strong points.

回收利用并非该国的强项。

It's not uncommon to be offered many more plastic bags than one could ever need when visiting supermarkets and shopping malls.

在参观超市和购物中心时，被提供远多于实际需要的塑料袋并不罕见。

But slowly, things are starting to change for the better.

但慢慢地，情况开始好转。

Back in 2016, the medium-sized city of Banjarmesin banned single-use plastic bags.

早在2016年，中等城市Banjarmesin就禁止了单次使用的塑料袋。

The city of Bogor followed suit in 2018.

Bogor市在2018年效仿。

A few months ago, Koster announced a plan that would not only ban single-use plastic bags from supermarkets and convenience stores, but plastic bags and straws across the island.

几个月前，Koster宣布了一项计划，不仅禁止超市和便利店使用单次塑料袋，还在全岛范围内禁止塑料袋和吸管。

The regulation will come into full effect next month.

该法规将于下个月全面生效。

We received a fast and quick response from the Balinese people.

我们收到了巴厘岛人民的迅速响应。

Not only positive responses from the Balinese, we received good responses from the central government, other local governments, and even from overseas, Koster told the Sydney Morning Herald this week during an interview.

不仅巴厘岛人民有积极反应，我们还收到了中央政府、其他地方政府，甚至海外的良好反应，Koster本周在接受《悉尼先驱晨报》采访时表示。

The governor is a determined environmentalist, and he has more laws planned to protect the island's waterways, in particular, and to support the introduction of electric vehicles, too.

这位省长是一位坚定的环保主义者，他还有更多法律计划，特别旨在保护该岛的水道，并支持引入电动汽车。

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题16至18基于你刚刚听到的段落。

Question 16. What will tourists have to do when they visit Indonesia's Bali island?

问题16. 游客访问印度尼西亚的巴厘岛时需要做什么？

Question 17. What does the passage say about Indonesia?

问题17. 这段话关于印度尼西亚说了什么？

Question 18. What is the new plan Governor Koster recently announced?

问题18. 省长Koster最近宣布的新计划是什么？

Passage 2.

短文二

An endangered species of whale is experiencing a small baby boom off the coast of America.

一种濒危鲸鱼物种在美国海岸附近正经历一个小的繁殖高峰。

The North Atlantic right whale is one of the rarest species of whale on the planet, numbering only about 411.

北大西洋露脊鲸是地球上最稀有的鲸鱼物种之一，数量仅约411头。

But the Centre for Coastal Studies said Friday that its aerial survey team spotted a mum with two babies in Cape Cod Bay a day earlier.

但海岸研究中心周五表示，其航空调查团队一天前在科德角湾发现了一头母鲸带着两头幼鲸。

That brings the number seen in nearby waters alone this year to three.

这使得今年仅在附近水域看到的数量达到了三头。

That's big news because the whale population has been falling, and no baby whales were seen last year.

这是个大新闻，因为鲸鱼数量一直在下降，而且去年没有看到幼鲸。

In all, seven baby whales have been spotted so far this year.

今年迄今为止，总共发现了七头幼鲸。

The whale population has become endangered due to commercial whaling activities in recent years.

近年来，由于商业捕鲸活动，鲸鱼数量已变得濒危。

This is because they are sometimes hunted for their meat or their skin.

这是因为它们有时因肉或皮肤而被猎杀。

Over-hunting could lead to the disappearance of the whale population, possibly causing major problems to the global food chain.

过度捕猎可能导致鲸鱼种群消失，可能对全球食物链造成重大问题。

The whales give birth off the southeast coast of America in the winter and travel to feeding grounds off the northeast coast in the early spring.

鲸鱼在美国东南海岸附近冬季产仔，并在初春前往东北海岸附近的觅食地。

The northeast coast is a critically important source of food.

东北海岸是一个极其重要的食物来源。

The animals often feed close to shore.

这些动物经常在靠近海岸的地方觅食。

This provides watchers on land with unbeatable views of one of the rarest of marine mammals.

这为陆地上的观察者提供了对最稀有海洋哺乳动物之一的无与伦比的视角。

It's illegal to get within 1,500 feet of the animals without a federal research permit, so whale watchers are discouraged from attempting to get close to the whales.

没有联邦研究许可，靠近这些动物1500英尺以内是违法的，因此不鼓励观鲸者试图接近鲸鱼。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题19到21基于你刚才听到的短文。

Question 19. What do we learn from the passage about the North Atlantic right whale?

问题19. 从短文中我们了解到关于北大西洋露脊鲸的什么？

Question 20. What has caused the decline of the whale population in recent years?

问题20. 近年来是什么导致了鲸鱼数量的下降？

Question 21. Why do the whales travel to the northeast coast of America in the early spring?

问题21. 为什么鲸鱼在初春前往美国东北海岸？

Passage 3.

第三段。

An average person consumes 144 pints of milk a year, but 40% of that is poured onto cereal, and 60% of those people are children.

一个普通人每年消耗144品脱牛奶，但其中40%被倒入谷物中，而这些人中有60%是儿童。

But what was once advertised as nutritious is becoming unpopular.

但曾经被宣传为营养丰富的牛奶正变得不受欢迎。

Americans drink 37% less milk than they did in the 1970s, and in the UK, dairy consumption overall has fallen by a third in the past 20 years.

美国人现在喝的牛奶比20世纪70年代减少了37%，而在英国，乳制品消费总量在过去20年中下降了三分之一。

Milk is increasingly being described in a negative light.

牛奶越来越多地被负面描述。

A recent blog suggested, maybe people are drinking less milk because it is poisonous to many of us.

最近一篇博客提出，也许人们喝牛奶变少是因为它对我们很多人来说有毒。

Lactose is the sugar found in milk and dairy products.

乳糖是牛奶和乳制品中发现的糖。

It needs a series of complex proteins to break it down.

它需要一系列复杂蛋白质来分解它。

Without enough of these proteins, the lactose is broken down by bacteria in the human body.

如果没有足够的这些蛋白质，乳糖就会被人体内的细菌分解。

This can cause physical pain and produce gas in the stomach.

这可能导致身体疼痛并在胃中产生气体。

However, after we have finished breast or formula feeding, most of us don't continue producing the complex proteins in our body, which are necessary to break down the lactose.

然而，在我们完成母乳或配方奶喂养后，我们大多数人不再继续产生体内的复杂蛋白质，这些蛋白质是分解乳糖所必需的。

Despite the problems in digesting milk, it does provide many benefits.

尽管消化牛奶存在问题，但它确实提供了许多好处。

Milk is nutritious.

牛奶是有营养的。

It contains vitamins A and D, as well as protein, and isn't full of calories.

它含有维生素A和D，以及蛋白质，并且卡路里不高。

You can test yourself by drinking a large glass of milk.

你可以通过喝一大杯牛奶来测试自己。

If you get sick in your stomach within the next 24 hours, you are lacking the proteins to digest milk.

如果在接下来的24小时内你的胃感到不适，你就缺乏消化牛奶的蛋白质。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题22到25基于你刚刚听到的段落。

Question 22. What does the passage say about Americans?

问题22。这段文章说了关于美国人的什么？

Question 23. How do Americans and British people think of milk nowadays?

问题23。如今美国人和英国人如何看待牛奶？

Question 24. Why does drinking milk cause pain in some people?

问题24。为什么喝牛奶会导致一些人疼痛？

Question 25. What does the passage say is a benefit of milk? That's the end of listening comprehension.

问题25。文章说牛奶的好处是什么？听力理解到此结束。