2021年06月四级第2套听力原文及答案解析

News Report 1.

新闻报道一。

An 81-year-old man ended up in Germany by accident after trying to get from Newcastle, Great Britain, to Rome, Italy.

一名81岁男子试图从英国纽卡斯尔前往意大利罗马，却意外地到达了德国。

The old-age pensioner was on a mission to see the Pope, who is head of the Catholic Church, and decided to make his way there by car.

这位退休老人原本计划去见教皇——天主教会的领袖，并决定开车前往。

He was surprised when his GPS system told him he had arrived, although there were no signs of any of the famous buildings or architecture.

当GPS系统告诉他已到达目的地时，他感到惊讶，尽管周围没有任何著名建筑或建筑的迹象。

The man parked but didn't put on the handbrake of his car properly.

该男子停好车，但没有正确拉起手刹。

His car rolled backwards and, in a striking display of irony, hit a sign saying Rome.

他的汽车向后滚动，并以一种讽刺的方式撞上了一个写着“罗马”的路标。

The small town in North Germany he had mistakenly plugged into the GPS system.

他误将德国北部的一个小镇输入了GPS系统。

Police said that the car had come to a halt after hitting the sign but did not appear to be seriously damaged, although an ambulance was called to check on the pensioner.

警方表示，汽车撞上路标后停下，似乎没有严重损坏，但救护车被叫来检查这位退休老人。

The man, who lives in the UK and is originally Italian, might have been confused by the fact that Rome is written Roma in Italian and Rom in German.

这名男子居住在英国，原籍意大利，可能因为罗马在意大利语中写作Roma，在德语中写作Rom而感到困惑。

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题1和问题2基于你刚才听到的新闻报道。

Question 1. What did the old-age pensioner plan to do?

问题1. 这位退休老人原计划做什么？

Question 2. What finally happened to the old man?

问题2. 这位老人最终发生了什么？

News report 2.

新闻报道二。

Glasgow has pledged to become the first carbon-neutral city in the UK.

格拉斯哥承诺成为英国首个碳中和城市。

The city's council and Scottish power have announced a range of strategies in an attempt to reduce carbon emissions ahead of the new national target of 2045.

该市议会和苏格兰电力公司已宣布一系列策略，试图在2045年新的国家目标之前减少碳排放。

First Minister Nicola Sturgeon welcomed the pledge and said, today's announcement will be the first in the Scottish power and Glasgow City Council to make Glasgow the UK's first net zero city is a very welcome step.

首席部长尼古拉·斯特金欢迎该承诺，并表示，今天的宣布将是苏格兰电力公司和格拉斯哥市议会首次将格拉斯哥打造成英国首个净零城市，这是一个非常受欢迎的步骤。

Reaching our goals will need exactly this kind of partnership approach with government, business, local authorities and citizens all playing their part.

实现我们的目标正需要这种合作方式，政府、企业、地方当局和公民都各尽其责。

Speaking ahead of the all-energy conference being held in Glasgow, Scottish power chief executive Keith Anderson said we have a large supply of renewable energy on our doorstep and one of the only two low emission zones in action across the UK.

在格拉斯哥举行的全能源会议召开之前，苏格兰电力公司首席执行官基思·安德森表示，我们家门口有大量可再生能源供应，而且英国仅有两个低排放区之一正在运行。

Now we need to invest in the technologies and programmes that transform the rest of Glasgow's economy and make us net zero before anyone else.

现在我们需要投资于能够转型格拉斯哥其余经济的技术和项目，并使我们率先实现净零排放。

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题3和4基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 3. What do we learn from the news report?

问题3. 我们从新闻报道中学到了什么？

Question 4. What did Scottish power's chief executive say ahead of the all-energy conference?

问题4. 苏格兰电力公司的首席执行官在全能源会议之前说了什么？

News report 3.

新闻报道3。

A Japanese IT firm has officially introduced an office cat policy to combat the virus.

一家日本IT公司正式引入了办公室猫咪政策，以对抗病毒。

Hidenobu Fukada, who heads the firm, introduced the pet policy upon request from one of his employees, allowing staff to bring their own cats to work.

公司负责人Hidenobu Fukada应一名员工的要求引入了宠物政策，允许员工带自己的猫上班。

Employee Eri Ito is grateful for the animal's comforting ways.

员工Eri Ito感激动物的安慰方式。

Cats are sleeping just beside us.

猫就在我们身边睡觉。

It's healing, she said.

她说，这很有治愈效果。

Not only does Fukuda encourage bringing cats to the job, but he also encourages his employees to rescue cats from overpopulated shelters or streets.

Fukuda不仅鼓励带猫上班，还鼓励员工从过度拥挤的收容所或街头救助猫。

He gives 5,000 yen, about 45 US dollars, a month to those who rescue a cat.

他每月给那些救助猫的人5,000日元，约合45美元。

While the positives are many, there are still some obstacles.

虽然有很多积极方面，但仍有一些障碍。

Sometimes a cat will walk on a phone and cut off the call, or they shut down the computers by walking onto the off switch, Ito says.

Ito说，有时猫会踩到电话上切断通话，或者它们踩到关闭开关上关闭电脑。

Still, cats in the workplace have been a tremendous success for the company.

尽管如此，办公室里的猫对公司来说取得了巨大成功。

The policy has led to various other companies doing the same.

该政策导致许多其他公司效仿。

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题5到7基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 5. What do we learn from the news report about the Japanese IT firm?

问题5. 从新闻报道中我们了解到关于这家日本IT公司的什么信息？

Question 6. What does Fukuda encourage his employees to do?

问题6. Fukuda鼓励员工做什么？

Question 7. What does the news report say about the firm's policy?

问题7. 新闻报道关于公司的政策说了什么？

Conversation 1.

对话1。

M: Has Jimmy been coming in lately?

吉米最近有来吗？

F: No, I haven't seen him around.

没有，我没在附近看到他。

F: Why?

为什么？

F: Has he been causing any trouble?

他惹麻烦了吗？

M: Not that I know of, but I need to see him because my friends and I lent him some money last month and we haven't heard from him since.

据我所知没有，但我需要见他，因为我和我的朋友们上个月借给他一些钱，之后就没他的消息了。

M: I heard he comes here a lot, so I thought I'd come in and check with you.

我听说他经常来这里，所以我想过来跟你确认一下。

F: Well, that's funny.

嗯，那真奇怪。

F: Some other fellow came in asking for Jimmy just yesterday.

昨天还有另一个人来找吉米。

F: A real nervous, pushy type of fellow, saying he needed Jimmy for some study project they were working on, but I can't quite remember what it was all about.

一个很紧张、固执的人，说他需要吉米参与他们正在进行的一个学习项目，但我记不清具体是什么了。

F: Is this a lot of money we're talking about here?

我们说的钱很多吗？

M: Nah, just £60 between the three of us, but still a bit too much to just let go.

不，只是我们三个人60英镑，但还是有点多，不能就这么算了。

M: He told us he'd got into an accident, nothing serious, mind you, but he damaged someone's car and wanted to get some money together to make up for the damage he'd caused.

他告诉我们他出了个事故，不过没什么大不了的，请放心，但他损坏了别人的车，想筹点钱来赔偿他造成的损失。

F: Hmm, isn't that sort of thing usually covered by insurance?

嗯，这种事不是通常由保险覆盖吗？

F: And then if he still wanted to give money as some sort of apology or something, he probably shouldn't have to go around borrowing it from people.

然后，如果他仍然想给钱作为一种道歉什么的，他可能不应该到处向人借钱。

M: You think Jimmy's just making it all up?

你认为吉米只是在编造这一切吗？

M: See, I did think it was a bit weird for him to be asking for money for that sort of thing, and his story was a bit vague to begin with, but I thought maybe he doesn't want his parents to know about what happened, so he'd rather come to us and keep things quiet.

你看，我确实觉得他为那种事借钱有点奇怪，而且他的故事一开始就很模糊，但我想也许他不想让他父母知道发生了什么，所以他宁愿来找我们，保持低调。

M: Anyway, Jimmy's a good guy, so we didn't make a fuss about it.

总之，吉米是个好人，所以我们没有大惊小怪。

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

第8至11题基于你刚才听到的对话。

Question 8. What does the man want to do?

问题8. 这个男人想做什么？

Question 9. What do we learn about the man who came to see the woman yesterday?

问题9. 我们了解到昨天来见这个女人的男人什么情况？

Question 10. What did Jimmy say happened to him one day?

问题10. 吉米说有一天他发生了什么事？

Question 11. Why did Jimmy borrow money, according to the man?

问题11. 根据这个男人的说法，吉米为什么借钱？

Conversation 2.

对话二。

F: Hi Max, how are you?

嗨，马克斯，你好吗？

F: Listen, I wanted to ask you about ordering shopping on the internet.

听着，我想问问你关于在网上订购商品的事。

F: I've never done it before, and I know that you've been doing it for ages.

我以前从来没做过，我知道你已经做很久了。

M: Sure, I love getting my shopping delivered.

当然，我喜欢让购物送货上门。

M: It makes life so much simpler.

这让生活简单多了。

M: No carrying heavy shopping bags in the rain or trying to park the car in those huge supermarket car parks, then not being able to find it again after you come out of the shops.

不用在雨中提着沉重的购物袋，也不用试图在巨大的超市停车场停车，然后从商店出来后找不到车。

F: But there must be some problems.

但肯定有些问题。

F: I mean, how do you know that you won't get bad fruit, or that the eggs won't be broken?

我是说，你怎么知道你不会买到坏水果，或者鸡蛋不会破？

M: Oh, come on.

哦，得了吧。

M: The food is exactly the same as the stuff you buy in a conventional shop.

食物和你在传统商店买的一模一样。

M: They aren't going to deliver you food that is out of date.

他们不会送过期食物给你。

M: And if you get a broken egg, well, that could happen in a conventional shop too.

如果你拿到破鸡蛋，嗯，那在传统商店也可能发生。

M: If anything is really wrong, you can just take photographs of the damage and they will give you the money back or replace the item.

如果真有问题，你可以拍下损坏的照片，他们会退款或换货。

F: How about delivery fees?

送货费怎么样？

F: Is it not more expensive to get everything delivered?

所有东西都送货上门，不是更贵吗？

M: I actually found that it was cheaper for me as I live quite far away from my local supermarket.

实际上，我发现对我更便宜，因为我住得离本地超市很远。

M: So with the deliveries, I'm actually saving on petrol.

所以通过送货，我实际上节省了汽油费。

F: I never thought of that.

我从未想过那个。

M: If you aren't driving your own car, then you are saving on fuel.

如果你不开自己的车，那么你就节省了燃料。

F: Right, you've convinced me.

好吧，你说服我了。

F: I'm going to go on the computer now and give it a try.

我现在就去电脑上试试。

F: So which supermarket do you think is the best to order from?

那么，你认为从哪个超市订购最好？

M: Oh no, that's definitely up to you.

哦，不，那完全取决于你。

M: Otherwise, we'll be here all day.

否则，我们一整天都会耗在这里。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题12到15基于你刚才听到的对话。

Question 12. What did the woman want to ask Max about?

问题12。女士想问马克斯关于什么？

Question 13. What does the man think is a problem with shopping in supermarkets?

问题13。男士认为在超市购物有什么问题？

Question 14. What is the woman's concern about shopping online?

问题14。女士对网上购物有什么担忧？

Question 15. What does the man find about shopping online?

问题15。男士对网上购物有什么发现？

Passage 1.

文章1。

A recent study found that 10% of British children suffer from math anxiety.

最近一项研究发现，10%的英国儿童患有数学焦虑症。

This means they have overwhelming negative emotions towards the subject, ranging from rage to despair.

这意味着他们对这门学科有着压倒性的负面情绪，从愤怒到绝望。

Other emotions triggered by math include feelings of tension and frustration.

数学引发的其他情绪包括紧张感和挫败感。

Physical symptoms include a racing heart or struggling to catch breath.

身体症状包括心跳加速或呼吸困难。

The phenomenon of math anxiety is characterised as a general sense of feeling that the subject is hard compared with other subjects, leading to a subsequent lack or loss of confidence.

数学焦虑的特征是一种普遍感觉，认为这门学科比其他学科难，从而导致信心缺乏或丧失。

The researchers said they investigated individuals' attitudes towards mathematics because of what could be referred to as a mathematics crisis in the UK.

研究人员表示，他们调查了个人对数学的态度，原因在于英国所谓的数学危机。

There is a widespread misunderstanding that only low-performing children suffer from math anxiety.

有一种普遍的误解，认为只有成绩差的儿童才会患有数学焦虑症。

People automatically assume children are anxious about math because they are poor achievers.

人们自动假设儿童对数学感到焦虑是因为他们成绩不佳。

In fact, more than three quarters of children with high levels of math anxiety are normal to high achievers.

事实上，超过四分之三患有高度数学焦虑的儿童成绩处于正常到高水平。

Probably, their math anxiety will go unnoticed because their performance is good, but in the long term, their performance is negatively affected.

可能，他们的数学焦虑不会被注意到，因为他们的表现良好，但从长远来看，他们的表现会受到负面影响。

So a real danger here is that children who are completely able to do math at a normal level may keep away from it because they feel anxious.

因此，一个真正的危险是，完全有能力在正常水平上做数学的儿童可能会因为感到焦虑而避开它。

Math anxiety can severely disrupt students' performance in the subject in both primary and secondary school.

数学焦虑可以严重干扰中小学生在该学科的表现。

But importantly, and surprisingly, this new study suggests that the majority of students experiencing math anxiety have normal to high math ability.

但重要的是，令人惊讶的是，这项新研究表明，大多数经历数学焦虑的学生具有正常到高水平的数学能力。

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题16至18基于你刚刚听到的文章。

Question 16. What did a recent study find about some British children?

问题16。最近一项研究发现了关于一些英国儿童的什么？

Question 17. What is the widespread misunderstanding about math anxiety?

问题17。关于数学焦虑的普遍误解是什么？

Question 18. What does the passage say about British students with math anxiety?

问题18。文章对患有数学焦虑的英国学生说了什么？

Passage 2.

第二段。

People spend a lot of time using phones and computers.

人们花很多时间使用手机和电脑。

Much of that time is devoted to text messages and social media, but many people choose to spend their time playing computer games.

其中大部分时间用于短信和社交媒体，但许多人选择花时间玩电脑游戏。

For years, parents and teachers have worried that these games might be addictive, and now the World Health Organization has recognized addiction to computer games as a disease.

多年来，家长和老师一直担心这些游戏可能上瘾，现在世界卫生组织已将电脑游戏成瘾认定为一种疾病。

The organization explains that this decision reflects general agreement among experts around the world that some people have a problem with these games.

该组织解释说，这一决定反映了世界各地专家的普遍共识，即一些人对这些游戏存在问题。

They show a pattern of behavior characterized by a lack of control.

他们表现出一种行为模式，其特征是缺乏控制。

Such people make computer games a priority over their responsibilities.

这样的人将电脑游戏置于责任之上。

They may play games instead of attending school, or work, or socializing.

他们可能玩游戏而不去上学、工作或社交。

According to the World Health Organization experts, people's use of computer games is different from their use of the internet, social media, and online shopping.

根据世界卫生组织专家的说法，人们对电脑游戏的使用与他们对互联网、社交媒体和网上购物的使用不同。

These experts claim there is not sufficient data to indicate that people's reliance on those other activities is an addiction, but they argue that playing computer games to excess is different.

这些专家声称，没有足够数据表明人们对这些其他活动的依赖是成瘾，但他们认为过度玩电脑游戏是不同的。

This behavior can become a disorder.

这种行为可能成为一种障碍。

To meet the new definition for addiction, the behavior must damage a person's relationships or performance at school or work, and this must last for at least a year.

为了符合新的成瘾定义，这种行为必须损害一个人的关系或在学校或工作的表现，并且这必须持续至少一年。

Still, not all behavior experts agree.

然而，并非所有行为专家都同意。

Some argue that there is not enough research on the subject.

有些人认为，关于这一主题的研究不足。

Thus, they claim it is too early to call computer game addiction a disorder.

因此，他们声称将电脑游戏成瘾称为一种障碍还为时过早。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题19到21基于你刚才听到的段落。

Question 19. What conclusion has the World Health Organization come to recently?

问题19. 世界卫生组织最近得出了什么结论？

Question 20. What is said of people with addictive behavior?

问题20. 关于有成瘾行为的人说了什么？

Question 21. What do some behavior experts think of addiction to computer games?

问题21. 一些行为专家如何看待电脑游戏成瘾？

Passage 3.

第3篇。

Maybe you carry the most powerful passport in the world, or perhaps the rarest passport.

也许你持有世界上最强大的护照，或者也许是最稀有的护照。

Whatever the case, your passport will likely be one of four colors, red, blue, green, or black, although there are slight variations.

无论哪种情况，你的护照很可能属于四种颜色之一：红色、蓝色、绿色或黑色，尽管存在细微变化。

Switzerland's passport is dark red, for example, while most European countries prefer a shade of red that's almost brown.

例如，瑞士的护照是深红色的，而大多数欧洲国家偏好一种几乎呈棕色的红色色调。

There are no official rules regarding passport colors, but countries follow a certain set of norms when designing them.

关于护照颜色没有官方规定，但各国在设计时遵循一套特定的规范。

The International Civil Aviation Organization, which works to define the principles of air travel, suggests that countries use a suitable type, size, and style for official documents like passports.

致力于定义空中旅行原则的国际民航组织建议，各国在护照等官方文件上使用合适的类型、尺寸和风格。

There are also a few compulsory aspects of passports.

护照也有一些强制性的方面。

They must be made from a material that bends.

它们必须由可弯曲的材料制成。

They should be able to be read by a machine at temperatures ranging from 10 degrees Celsius to 50 degrees Celsius, and conditions where the air can be extremely dry or moist.

它们应该能在10摄氏度到50摄氏度的温度范围内，以及空气可能极其干燥或潮湿的条件下被机器读取。

Despite these existing recommendations, there is nothing regarding the cover color.

尽管有这些现有建议，但关于封面颜色却没有任何规定。

Why?

为什么？

Simply put, countries stick to darker and more conservative colors because they appear more official, and they can also hide dirt and wear.

简而言之，各国坚持使用较深和更保守的颜色，因为它们显得更正式，还能隐藏污垢和磨损。

While there's little innovation when it comes to passport cover color, the same cannot be said for the pages.

虽然护照封面颜色几乎没有什么创新，但页面则不然。

The passports of many countries contain images of their well-known geographical features and wildlife, which also function as security features, as some are only visible under a special light.

许多国家的护照包含其著名地理特征和野生动物的图像，这些图像也作为安全特征，因为有些只能在特殊光线下看到。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题22到25基于你刚刚听到的段落。

Question 22. What do we learn about most European passports?

问题22。我们了解到大多数欧洲护照的什么？

Question 23. What does the passage say about the design of passports?

问题23。段落中关于护照设计说了什么？

Question 24. Why are dark colors chosen for passport covers?

问题24。为什么选择深色作为护照封面？

Question 25. What is one special function of the images inside many passports? That's the end of listening comprehension.

问题25。许多护照内图像的一个特殊功能是什么？听力理解结束。