2021年12月四级第2套听力原文及答案解析

News Report 1.

新闻报道一。

A 22-year-old Chinese woman who suffered from a persistent cough was shocked to learn that she had a piece of chicken bone lodged in her lung.

一名22岁的中国女性因长期咳嗽就医，震惊地发现她的肺部卡着一块鸡骨头。

The unnamed woman from the province of Shandong started to have coughing problems when she was 7 or 8 years old.

这位未透露姓名的女性来自山东省，她在七八岁时开始出现咳嗽问题。

For 14 years, she made numerous hospital visits.

14年来，她多次就医。

However, no doctor could identify any problem.

然而，没有医生能确诊任何问题。

Her uncontrollable coughing was a mystery.

她无法控制的咳嗽一直是个谜。

Finally, the woman got a full body scan at a hospital in the city of Qingdao.

最终，该女性在青岛市一家医院接受了全身扫描。

This special medical procedure revealed she had a chicken bone stuck in her lung.

这项特殊的医疗检查显示，她肺部卡着一块鸡骨头。

Doctors performed surgery and removed the bone.

医生进行了手术，取出了骨头。

The simple procedure went smoothly and the woman has recovered fully.

这个简单的手术进行顺利，女性已完全康复。

With the bone finally removed from her lung, the woman is very happy that she no longer suffers from that annoying cough.

随着骨头终于从肺部取出，她非常高兴不再受那恼人咳嗽的折磨。

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题1和问题2基于你刚才听到的新闻报道。

Question 1. What was the woman's problem?

问题1：那位女性的问题是什么？

Question 2. How was the woman's problem eventually solved?

问题2：那位女性的问题最终是如何解决的？

News Report 2.

新闻报道2。

A white sheep named Prickles that ran away from an Australian farm during the 2013 bushfires recently returned home.

一只名叫普里克尔斯的白羊在2013年澳大利亚丛林大火期间从农场逃跑，最近回到了家。

According to farmer Alice Gray, Prickles was only a lamb when she ran away.

据农场主爱丽丝·格雷说，普里克尔斯逃跑时还只是一只小羊羔。

The bushfires that hit the area back then destroyed a large part of her family's massive property.

当时袭击该地区的丛林大火摧毁了她家庞大财产的大部分。

They thought Prickles had died in the fire.

他们以为普里克尔斯在大火中死了。

But instead, the young sheep escaped into a 200-acre forest near the farm.

但相反，这只小羊逃进了农场附近一片200英亩的森林。

Once the fires were over, the family had to fix the damage done to the farm.

大火结束后，这家人不得不修复农场遭受的破坏。

As it was such a large property, this included rebuilding about 50 kilometers of fencing.

由于财产如此庞大，这包括重建大约50公里的围栏。

It was this huge fencing that prevented Prickles from finding her way back.

正是这庞大的围栏阻止了普里克尔斯找到回来的路。

Over the years, the family spotted her a few times.

多年来，这家人几次发现过她。

They even recorded her with cameras installed to monitor deer activity.

他们甚至用安装来监测鹿活动的摄像机记录下了她。

But while they knew Prickles was alive, they couldn't find her and never expected her to return by herself.

但尽管他们知道普里克尔斯还活着，他们却找不到她，也从未料到她会自己回来。

Seven years later, they were proven wrong.

七年后，他们被证明错了。

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题3和4基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 3. What does the news report say about the white sheep Prickles?

问题3. 关于白羊普里克尔斯，新闻报道说了什么？

Question 4. What did the family do after the bushfires?

问题4. 丛林大火后，这家人做了什么？

News report 3.

新闻报道3。

Tons of gold have fallen out of the sky in Russia after a cargo plane malfunctioned in midair this morning.

今天早上，一架货机在空中发生故障后，俄罗斯上空有数吨黄金从天而降。

The aircraft was carrying 265 million pounds worth of gold and diamonds when the door flew open, sending the precious metal back to Earth.

这架飞机当时载有价值2.65亿英镑的黄金和钻石，当舱门突然打开时，这些贵金属被送回地面。

According to the official news agency, Russian authorities have recovered more than 170 gold bars weighing 20 kilograms each.

据官方通讯社报道，俄罗斯当局已找回170多根每根重20公斤的金条。

The plane was traveling from Yakutsk airport in a major diamond-producing region to the city of Krasnoyarsk in Siberia.

这架飞机从一个主要钻石产区的雅库茨克机场飞往西伯利亚的克拉斯诺亚尔斯克市。

However, the aircraft made an emergency landing in Magan after it began losing some of its valuable cargo.

然而，飞机在开始丢失一些贵重货物后，在马甘紧急降落。

Reports suggest some bars of gold were scattered up to 15 miles away from the airport.

报道称，一些金条散落在距离机场15英里远的地方。

Nine tons of gold on plane AN-12 belonged to a gold mine company.

AN-12飞机上的9吨黄金属于一家金矿公司。

Police have sealed off the runway and say it is unclear if it was an accident or an attempted robbery.

警方已封锁跑道，并表示尚不清楚这是事故还是企图抢劫。

Technical engineers who worked on the plane prior to take-off are reportedly going to be questioned by the police.

据报道，起飞前在飞机上工作的技术工程师将被警方询问。

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题5到7基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 5. What is the news report mainly about?

问题5。新闻报道主要关于什么？

Question 6. What did the aircraft do when the incident happened?

问题6。事故发生时，飞机做了什么？

Question 7. What does the news report say about the technical engineers who worked on the plane before take-off?

问题7。新闻报道关于起飞前在飞机上工作的技术工程师说了什么？

Conversation 1.

对话1。

M: Hello, you're through to customer service.

您好，您已接通客服。

M: This is Michael speaking.

我是迈克尔。

M: Before we continue, I just want to make you aware that this call is being recorded and may be used in the future for training purposes.

在继续之前，我想提醒您，本次通话正在录音，未来可能用于培训目的。

M: What can I help you with today?

今天有什么可以帮您的？

F: Hi, my name is Jean Seaman.

嗨，我是吉恩·西曼。

F: I recently bought an office chair from your company, but I returned it about a week ago.

我最近从贵公司购买了一把办公椅，但大约一周前退回了。

F: I'm just calling to inquire when I will be able to get my money back.

我打电话来只是想询问何时能收到退款。

F: It says on your website that your company will pay back the money within three working days of you receiving the returned item.

贵公司网站显示，在收到退回商品后三个工作日内会退款。

F: But it's been five working days and I haven't received anything.

但已经过了五个工作日，我还没收到任何退款。

M: I'm sorry to hear that, Mrs.

很抱歉听到这个消息，夫人。

M: Seaman.

西曼。

M: What's your customer reference number, please?

请问您的客户参考号是多少？

F: It's 389-460.

是389-460。

M: OK, 389-460.

好的，389-460。

M: I'm just looking on the system here and according to our records, the chair you returned was received by our warehouse on Friday morning.

我正在系统中查看，根据我们的记录，您退回的椅子于周五上午由我们的仓库接收。

M: The payment was made on Wednesday, but there seems to be a problem with your card number.

付款于周三完成，但您的卡号似乎有问题。

F: My card number?

我的卡号？

F: Oh, maybe it has something to do with my new card.

哦，也许和我的新卡有关。

F: It was sent to me on Tuesday.

新卡是周二寄给我的。

F: Maybe the bank cancelled my old one before you made the payment.

也许在你们付款前，银行已经取消了我的旧卡。

M: Well, you'll need to update your card details directly on our website.

那么，您需要直接在我们的网站上更新您的卡详情。

M: Just make sure you're logged in and then under the description of your personal information, you should see an option for updating payment methods.

只需确保您已登录，然后在个人信息描述下，您应该会看到更新支付方式的选项。

F: I am logged in and I'll give that a go.

我已登录，我会尝试一下。

M: I'll make a note here on the system for you so that the payment will be made tomorrow morning.

我会在系统中为您备注，以便明天上午完成付款。

F: Thank you very much.

非常感谢。

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题8到11基于您刚才听到的对话。

Question 8. Why does the man have his conversation with the woman recorded?

问题8。为什么男士要录下与女士的对话？

Question 9. What is the woman's purpose of calling the furniture company?

问题9。女士打电话给家具公司的目的是什么？

Question 10. What does the woman say about her bank card?

问题10。女士关于她的银行卡说了什么？

Question 11. What does the man advise the woman to do?

问题11。男士建议女士做什么？

Conversation 2.

对话2。

F: I'm getting a bit hungry.

我有点饿了。

M: Yes, me too.

是的，我也是。

M: I'm starving.

我饿极了。

F: Are you going to prepare a meal for us?

你打算为我们准备一顿饭吗？

M: No, sorry.

不，抱歉。

M: I'm actually pretty worn out.

实际上我相当累了。

M: Let's just go out somewhere close to eat.

我们就去附近的地方吃饭吧。

F: Well, I think we should stay in and save some cash.

嗯，我认为我们应该待在家里省点钱。

F: Can we get a meal delivered?

我们能叫外卖吗？

M: Yeah, great.

好啊，太好了。

M: I'll use that food delivery app on my phone.

我会用手机上的那个外卖应用。

M: What do you want?

你想要什么？

M: Fried chicken, hamburgers or fish and chips?

炸鸡、汉堡还是炸鱼薯条？

F: Oh, can we stay away from the junk food?

哦，我们能远离垃圾食品吗？

F: How about something healthy?

来点健康的东西怎么样？

M: Okay.

好的。

M: Well, there's a place that does salads.

嗯，有一家做沙拉的店。

M: Let me have a look at that.

让我看看那个。

M: Yeah, that looks delicious.

是的，看起来很美味。

F: But, to be honest, I'd prefer something hot, not cold.

但是，老实说，我更喜欢热的东西，而不是冷的。

M: How about Indian food?

印度菜怎么样？

F: That's not the kind of hot I mean.

那不是我说的那种辣。

F: I'm just not a fan of sauces that make me sweat and cry.

我只是不喜欢那些让我出汗和流泪的酱汁。

F: I need something mild.

我需要一些温和的东西。

M: Okay.

好的。

M: So, would you consider Mexican?

那么，你会考虑墨西哥菜吗？

F: Oh, no, sorry.

哦，不，抱歉。

F: There's also very hot pepper in that.

那里面也有非常辣的辣椒。

M: Would you like some Italian food, perhaps?

也许你会喜欢意大利菜？

M: It's a bit heavy, but it's great food for a cold night like this.

它有点油腻，但适合像这样的寒冷夜晚。

M: Pizza?

披萨？

M: Spaghetti with creamy sauce?

奶油酱意大利面？

F: I know it's really tasty and great comfort food, but it's too fattening for me.

我知道它真的很美味，是很好的安慰食物，但对我来说太容易发胖了。

F: I'm trying to keep a slim figure, you know.

你知道，我正在努力保持苗条的身材。

M: Oh, you're really difficult to please.

哦，你真的很难取悦。

M: Well, there's a nice Chinese restaurant that delivers.

嗯，有一家不错的中餐馆可以送外卖。

F: Yes, I love Chinese food.

是的，我喜欢中餐。

M: Let me see.

让我看看。

M: Oh, it's 15 kilometres away.

哦，它有15公里远。

M: That's a bit too far away.

那有点太远了。

M: Do you feel like Vietnamese food then?

那你想要越南菜吗？

F: Yeah, awesome.

是的，太棒了。

F: It's healthy and we can afford it.

它健康而且我们负担得起。

M: Great.

太好了。

M: Let's order Vietnamese right away.

让我们立刻点越南菜吧。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

第12到15题基于你刚才听到的对话。

Question 12. Why isn't the man going to cook?

第12题。为什么男人不打算做饭？

Question 13. What does the man say he'll do on his phone?

第13题。男人说他要在手机上做什么？

Question 14. What does the woman think of Indian food?

第14题。女人对印度菜有什么看法？

Question 15. What does the man think of the woman?

第15题。男人对女人有什么看法？

Passage 1.

文章一。

A new study carried out by the University of Lincoln has found a link between the personalities of cat owners and the behaviour and well-being of their cats.

林肯大学进行的一项新研究发现，猫主人的性格与猫的行为和福祉之间存在联系。

The findings suggest that just as a parent's personality can affect the personality of a child, the same is true for a cat and its owner.

研究结果表明，正如父母的性格可以影响孩子的性格一样，猫和主人之间也是如此。

Owners defined as individuals with high levels of anxiety, fear, anger, depression, and loneliness were more likely to have cats with behavioural issues.

那些被定义为具有高度焦虑、恐惧、愤怒、抑郁和孤独感的个体的主人，更可能养有行为问题的猫。

Such cats displayed more aggressive and anxious behavioural styles as well as more stress-related sickness.

这些猫表现出更具攻击性和焦虑的行为风格，以及更多与压力相关的疾病。

They were also more likely to have an ongoing medical condition and be overweight.

它们也更可能患有持续的健康问题和超重。

The research also found that mentally well-adjusted owners had calmer, happier, and healthier cats.

研究还发现，心理适应良好的主人拥有更平静、更快乐、更健康的猫。

The researchers explained that many owners regard their pets as a family member and form close social bonds with them.

研究人员解释说，许多主人将宠物视为家庭成员，并与它们形成紧密的社会纽带。

The majority of owners want to provide the best care for their pets, and it's therefore possible that pets could be affected by the way their owners interact with and manage them.

大多数主人希望为宠物提供最好的照顾，因此宠物可能受到主人与它们互动和管理方式的影响。

The study highlights an important relationship between our personalities and the well-being of our pets.

这项研究强调了我们的性格与宠物福祉之间的重要关系。

Further research is needed to investigate the causal nature of this relationship and to look at how owners' personalities are directly influencing their pets' behaviour and well-being.

需要进一步研究来调查这种关系的因果性质，并探讨主人的性格如何直接影响宠物的行为和福祉。

It is possible that the well-being of pets is driven by the underlying nature of the owner, not simply by their conscious decisions and behaviours.

宠物的福祉可能由主人的内在本质驱动，而不仅仅是他们有意识的决定和行为。

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题16至18基于你刚刚听到的文章。

Question 16. What do we learn from the new study by the University of Lincoln?

问题16：我们从林肯大学的新研究中学到了什么？

Question 17. What does the passage say most pet owners want to do?

问题17：文章说大多数宠物主人想做什么？

Question 18. What does the passage say is still needed to understand the effects of owners' personalities on their pets?

问题18：文章说仍然需要什么来理解主人性格对宠物的影响？

Passage 2.

篇章2。

One 60-minute run can add 7 hours to your life.

一次60分钟的跑步可以为你增加7小时的寿命。

This was a claim made by The Times last week.

这是《泰晤士报》上周提出的一项声明。

The claim was based on a new review of studies about the effects of running.

这项声明基于一项关于跑步效果的新研究综述。

The review concluded that on average runners live 3 years longer than non-runners and that running does more to extend life than any other form of exercise.

该综述得出结论：平均而言，跑步者比不跑步的人多活3年，并且跑步在延长寿命方面比其他任何运动形式都更有效。

But there's more to running than its health benefits.

但跑步的好处不止于健康益处。

Research published in recent years has shown that running changes your brain and mind in some fascinating ways, from increasing your brain function to regulating your emotions.

近年来发表的研究表明，跑步能以一些引人入胜的方式改变你的大脑和思维，从提升大脑功能到调节情绪。

However, the precise effects vary according to whether you engage in short, fast running or long-distance running.

然而，确切的效果因你进行短跑快跑还是长跑而异。

For example, in one study, researchers compared participants' ability to learn new words after several minutes of intense running and after 40 minutes of gentle running.

例如，在一项研究中，研究人员比较了参与者在高强度跑步几分钟后和40分钟轻度跑步后学习新词的能力。

Participants were able to learn 20% faster after the intense running, and they showed a superior memory when tested again a week later.

参与者在高强度跑步后学习速度提高了20%，并且在一周后的再次测试中表现出更优的记忆力。

In another study, researchers asked volunteers to jog for 30 minutes and then showed them clips from a sad movie.

在另一项研究中，研究人员要求志愿者慢跑30分钟，然后给他们播放一部悲伤电影的片段。

Participants who usually struggled to handle negative emotions were more intensely affected by the sad clips, just as you'd expect.

那些通常难以处理负面情绪的参与者更强烈地受到悲伤片段的影响，正如你所预期的那样。

But crucially, this was less so if they had completed the 30-minute jog.

但关键的是，如果他们完成了30分钟的慢跑，这种影响就小了。

The researchers said moderate exercise appears to have helped those participants to be less vulnerable to the impact of the sad movie.

研究人员称，适度运动似乎帮助那些参与者对悲伤电影的影响不那么脆弱。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题19至21基于你刚刚听到的文章。

Question 19. What did the new review of studies claim?

问题19. 新的研究综述声称了什么？

Question 20. What is one effect that running has on people according to recent research?

问题20. 根据近期研究，跑步对人们有什么影响？

Question 21. What did another study find about the participants after they had a 30-minute jog?

问题21. 另一项研究在参与者30分钟慢跑后发现了什么？

Passage 3.

段落3。

Welcome to the tour of the Hill House.

欢迎参观希尔别墅。

This house, built in 1904, is one of the most well-known works of Charles Hill, the famous architect.

这座建于1904年的房子是著名建筑师查尔斯·希尔最著名的作品之一。

It was designed and built for a local entrepreneur and his family.

它是为一位当地企业家及其家庭设计和建造的。

Before starting the tour, let me give you a brief introduction about the design of this amazing building.

在开始参观之前，请允许我简要介绍一下这座令人惊叹的建筑的设计。

Prior to beginning his design, the architect spent some time in the client's old home, observing their life and studying their habits.

在开始设计之前，建筑师花了一些时间在客户的旧居中，观察他们的生活并研究他们的习惯。

This meant that he could design the house according to the needs of the family.

这意味着他可以根据家庭的需求来设计房子。

The client's main desire was to have a home with a unique design, so the architect was given complete freedom.

客户的主要愿望是拥有一个设计独特的家，因此建筑师被赋予了完全的自由。

The building style is radically different from what was the fashion of the period.

这种建筑风格与当时的流行风格截然不同。

At the time, most large homes were constructed of timber and brick.

当时，大多数大型住宅都是用木材和砖石建造的。

This one, however, is made of concrete, a novel construction material in those days.

然而，这座房子是由混凝土建造的，这在当时是一种新颖的建筑材料。

The interior of the house, including fittings and furniture, was also designed by the same person.

房子的内部，包括固定装置和家具，也由同一个人设计。

Most of the furniture you will see is original and in good condition.

你将看到的大部分家具是原始的，并且状态良好。

However, those pieces in the children's bedrooms are copies built to the designs of the architect.

然而，儿童卧室中的那些家具是按照建筑师的设计制作的复制品。

Fortunately, all the blueprints for both the building and its contents have been preserved, so we've been able to replace badly damaged furniture.

幸运的是，建筑及其内部物品的所有蓝图都被保存下来，因此我们能够替换严重损坏的家具。

Let's begin our tour, starting from the rooms.

让我们开始参观，从房间开始。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题22至25基于你刚刚听到的段落。

Question 22. What do we learn about the speaker?

问题22。关于说话者，我们了解到什么？

Question 23. What did the architect do before beginning his design?

问题23。在开始设计之前，建筑师做了什么？

Question 24. What did the architect's client mainly want?

问题24。建筑师的客户主要想要什么？

Question 25. What do we learn about the pieces of furniture in the children's bedrooms? That's the end of Listening Comprehension.

问题25。关于儿童卧室中的家具，我们了解到什么？听力理解到此结束。