2022年06月四级第1套仔细阅读 Passage 2 原文翻译及答案解析

In the age of the internet, there's no such thing as a private debate. But is that bad for science? Some scientists have had concerns. When debates in any sector move beyond the halls of universities and government agencies, there's potential for information to be used incorrectly, leading to public confusion; yet, open debate can also promote communication between the scientific community and the public. Recent open debates on scientific research, health, and policy have aroused greater public attention and encouraged more diverse voices. If this trend spurs scientists to agree more quickly about the best solutions to our problems-and at the same time helps the public observe the process of scientific discourse more clearly—then this is good for everyone, including scientists.

在互联网时代，不存在所谓的私人辩论。但这对科学有害吗？一些科学家对此表示担忧。当任何领域的辩论超越大学和政府机构的范围时，信息可能被误用，导致公众困惑；然而，公开辩论也能促进科学界与公众之间的沟通。最近关于科学研究、健康和政策的公开辩论引起了更大的公众关注，并鼓励了更多元的声音。如果这一趋势促使科学家们更快地就我们问题的最佳解决方案达成一致——同时帮助公众更清晰地观察科学话语的过程——那么这对每个人，包括科学家，都是有益的。

A recent debate published in The New York Times discussed the question of how quickly medicine should be developed and produced. Issues such as safety of the product and perception of the public were examined and considered. But some experts worried that such public speculation might lead people to believe that disagreement about the details meant a lack of adequate scientific consensus over the safety and efficiency of modern-day medicine.

最近发表在《纽约时报》上的一场辩论讨论了药物应该多快开发和生产的问题。诸如产品安全性和公众认知等议题被审视和考虑。但一些专家担心，这种公开的推测可能会让人们认为，细节上的分歧意味着对现代药物的安全性和有效性缺乏足够的科学共识。

The anxiety seems misplaced. Gone are the days of going to a conference and debating scientific issues, and that's good because those gatherings were not diverse enough and excluded many important voices. These days, the public can access debates about science regardless of where they take place.

这种焦虑似乎放错了地方。去参加会议辩论科学问题的日子已经一去不复返了，这是件好事，因为那些聚会不够多元，排除了许多重要的声音。如今，公众无论辩论在哪里举行，都能接触到关于科学的辩论。

For many scientists, public debate is a new frontier and it may feel like a place with few restraints or rules? but rather than avoiding such conversations, let the debates be transparent and vigorous, wherever they are held. If the public is to understand that science is an honorably self-correcting process, the idea that science is a fixed set of facts in a textbook needs to be dismissed. With the validity of science coming under attack, there's a need for scientific debates to be perceived as open and true to life. Let everyone see the noisy, messy deliberations that advance science and lead to decisions that benefit us all.

对许多科学家来说，公众辩论是一个新领域，可能感觉像是一个少有约束或规则的地方？但与其避免这样的对话，不如让辩论在无论何处举行时都保持透明和充满活力。如果公众要理解科学是一个光荣的自我修正过程，那么科学是教科书中一成不变的事实的观念需要被摒弃。随着科学的有效性受到攻击，有必要让科学辩论被视为开放且真实。让每个人都能看到那些推动科学进步、并导致有益于我们所有人的决策的喧闹而混乱的审议。