2025年12月四级第2套仔细阅读 Passage 2 原文翻译及答案解析

Adults dream during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep and infants have loads of REM. So, it might be fair to assume that babies have tons of dreams.

成年人在REM（快速眼动）睡眠期间做梦，而婴儿有大量的REM。因此，可以合理地假设婴儿有大量的梦。

But scientists believe REM serves a completely different purpose for newborns and infants than dreaming. When babies are in REM, it allows their brain to develop pathways, connections, and eventually, learn languages.

但科学家认为，对于新生儿和婴儿，REM的作用与做梦完全不同。当婴儿处于REM状态时，它允许他们的大脑发展路径、连接，并最终学习语言。

Since your baby doesn't dream at this stage of brain development, it's safe to assume babies do not have nightmares, either. Nightmares stem from exposure to trauma (创伤), an overactive imagination, and the normal stresses of everyday life.

由于你的宝宝在这个大脑发育阶段不做梦，可以安全地假设婴儿也不会有噩梦。噩梦源于创伤暴露、过度活跃的想象力以及日常生活的正常压力。

Are you wondering, what do babies dream about? Good question, but the answer is nothing!

你是否想知道，婴儿梦到什么？好问题，但答案是：什么都没有！

So, when do babies start dreaming? The general consensus is that they start dreaming around the age of two. Psychologist David Foulkes studies children (from very small kids to teens) to bring the secrets of their dreams to the light of day. In his lab, he lets kids fall asleep and then wakes them 3 times a night and asks them to describe what they recall.

那么，婴儿何时开始做梦？普遍共识是，他们大约在两岁左右开始做梦。心理学家David Foulkes研究儿童（从幼儿到青少年）以揭示他们梦的秘密。在他的实验室里，他让孩子们入睡，然后一晚唤醒他们三次，并要求他们描述所回忆的内容。

Foulkes' findings are unsurprising. Basically, little kids have little dreams. But exactly what kids see while dreaming depends on their age. As children develop and grow, their dreams do too.

Foulkes的发现并不令人惊讶。基本上，小孩子做小梦。但孩子们在梦中具体看到什么取决于他们的年龄。随着儿童的发展和成长，他们的梦也会变化。

Dreams of very small kids are usually just snapshots (快照), looking much more like a slideshow than a movie, when compared to the dreams of adults. They heavily feature animals and other familiar sights, like images of people eating. According to Foulkes, 'Children's dream life...seems to be similar to their waking imagination and narration.' Kids ages 5 — 9 begin seeing moving images and characters in action. Dreams now include multiple events strung together, one after the other. They also start developing greater ability to remember dreams. Still, that's not always the case: When roused during REM sleep, 25% of the kids in Foulkes' studies had no recollection of dreaming, a trend that continues through age 9.

非常小的孩子的梦通常只是快照，与成年人的梦相比，更像是幻灯片而不是电影。它们大量出现动物和其他熟悉的景象，如人们吃饭的画面。根据Foulkes的说法，“儿童的梦境生活...似乎与他们清醒时的想象和叙述相似。”5至9岁的儿童开始看到动态图像和角色在行动。梦现在包括多个事件串联在一起，一个接一个。他们也开始发展出更强的记忆梦的能力。然而，情况并非总是如此：在REM睡眠中被唤醒时，Foulkes研究中25%的儿童没有做梦的记忆，这一趋势持续到9岁。

So, if your baby seems to be in a stressful state while sleeping or is upset upon waking, there may be other factors at play.

因此，如果你的宝宝在睡觉时似乎处于紧张状态，或者醒来时不安，可能还有其他因素在起作用。