2023年03月四级第1套听力原文及答案解析

News Report 1.

新闻报道1。

African leaders plan to turn the continent into a continent without borders.

非洲领导人计划将非洲大陆变成一个无国界的大陆。

They will introduce a single passport policy allowing free movement between countries.

他们将推出单一护照政策，允许各国之间自由流动。

The idea from the African Union has been modeled on the EU Schengen Free Movement Deal.

非洲联盟的这个想法是仿照欧盟申根自由流动协议制定的。

Europe has abolished many internal borders.

欧洲已经废除了许多内部边界。

This enables visa-free movement across the continent.

这使得整个大陆的签证自由流动成为可能。

Currently, 13 African countries have visa-free deals in place with each other.

目前，13个非洲国家之间已经实施了免签证协议。

These allow citizens to visit another country without a visa.

这些协议允许公民无需签证访问另一个国家。

Some countries offer visas on arrival.

一些国家提供落地签证。

In contrast, Americans are able to travel to 20 of the continent's countries without a visa or secure a visa on arrival.

相比之下，美国人能够无需签证或获得落地签证前往该大陆的20个国家。

The African Union, which represents 54 states, wants to abolish the requirement of a visa for Africans visiting other African countries.

非洲联盟代表54个国家，希望废除非洲人访问其他非洲国家的签证要求。

It also wants to establish a free trade deal across the continent in the near future as trade within the African continent costs more than any other region.

它还希望在不久的将来在整个大陆建立自由贸易协议，因为非洲大陆内部的贸易成本高于任何其他地区。

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题1和2基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 1. What is the news report mainly about?

问题1. 这个新闻报道主要关于什么？

Question 2. What benefit will a free trade deal bring to African economy?

问题2. 自由贸易协议将给非洲经济带来什么好处？

News Report 2.

新闻报道 2。

Researchers in Iceland found a new way of tackling climate change by pumping carbon dioxide underground and turning it into stone.

冰岛研究人员发现了一种应对气候变化的新方法，通过将二氧化碳注入地下并将其转化为石头。

Other carbon capture and storage methods store carbon dioxide as a gas, but problems include a high cost and concern about leaks.

其他碳捕获和储存方法将二氧化碳作为气体储存，但问题包括成本高和泄漏担忧。

This new method of burying carbon dioxide and turning it into stone is cheaper and more secure, the Guardian reports.

据《卫报》报道，这种将二氧化碳埋入地下并转化为石头的新方法更便宜、更安全。

To turn carbon dioxide into stone, researchers with the CARBFIX project pumped the gas into volcanic rock and sped up the natural process in which the volcanic rock reacts with gas and forms carbon minerals.

为了将二氧化碳转化为石头，CARBFIX项目的研究人员将气体注入火山岩，并加速了火山岩与气体反应形成碳矿物的自然过程。

The gas turned into solid in just two years, much faster than the hundreds or thousands of years researchers had predicted.

气体仅在两年内就转化为固体，比研究人员预测的数百年或数千年快得多。

The research took place at Iceland's Helisheidi power plant.

这项研究在冰岛的Helisheidi发电厂进行。

Already, the project in Iceland has been increased in scale to bury 10,000 tons of carbon dioxide each year.

冰岛的这个项目已经扩大规模，每年可埋藏10,000吨二氧化碳。

One potential difficulty is that for each ton of carbon dioxide buried, the technique requires 25 tons of water.

一个潜在困难是，每埋藏一吨二氧化碳，这项技术需要25吨水。

However, the lead researcher said seawater could be used.

然而，首席研究员表示可以使用海水。

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题3和4基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 3. What new method has been developed to help fight climate change?

问题3. 开发了什么新方法来帮助应对气候变化？

Question 4. What is a potential difficulty in applying the new technique?

问题4. 应用这项新技术的一个潜在困难是什么？

News report 3.

新闻报道3。

People in France are keeping away from the narrow French stickloaf in favor of healthier, cheaper options, and Miller's Association has said.

据米勒协会称，法国人正在远离法棍面包，转而选择更健康、更便宜的选择。

The National Association of French Millers says bread consumption is on the decline, with French people eating 9 grams less than in the previous year.

法国国家米勒协会表示，面包消费量正在下降，法国人比前一年少吃9克面包。

The association is concerned about the effects this trend will have on their trade and suggests three reasons why it is happening.

该协会担心这一趋势将对他们的行业产生影响，并提出了三个发生的原因。

Firstly, the association cited changing diets, in particular the switch to those low in calories, as a factor in the reduction of bread consumption.

首先，该协会引用了饮食习惯的变化，特别是转向低热量食物，作为面包消费减少的一个因素。

This could explain why the difference in consumption between genders is so big.

这可以解释为什么男女之间的消费差异如此之大。

Nowadays, men eat an approximate average of 140 grams of bread daily, whereas women eat 80 to 90 grams.

如今，男性每天平均吃约140克面包，而女性吃80到90克。

The second reason, they say, is lifestyle changes in the country, with people dedicating less time to breakfast when bread would traditionally be eaten with butter and jam.

他们说，第二个原因是该国生活方式的变化，人们花在早餐上的时间减少，而早餐传统上是面包配黄油和果酱。

Finally, the rising cost of bread is considered to be a factor, with the price of a French stickloaf increasing by nearly 25% in the last 10 years.

最后，面包成本的上涨被认为是一个因素，法棍面包的价格在过去10年中上涨了近25%。

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题5至7基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 5. What does the news report say about French people's bread consumption?

问题5：新闻报道对法国人的面包消费有何说法？

Question 6. What do we learn about French women from the report?

问题6：从报道中我们了解到法国女性的什么？

Question 7. What is said about lifestyle changes of the French people?

问题7：报道中提到了法国人的生活方式变化？

Conversation 1.

对话一。

F: Next, please.

下一位，请。

M: Yes, I'd like to book two train tickets to London tomorrow morning, please.

是的，我想预订明天早上去伦敦的两张火车票。

F: OK.

好的。

F: What time would you like to go?

您想什么时间出发？

M: Well, after the rush hour, I think.

嗯，我想在高峰时段之后。

M: We'd like to avoid the crowds, if possible.

如果可能的话，我们想避开人群。

M: So, probably sometime around 10 o'clock.

所以，大概在10点左右。

F: No problem.

没问题。

F: Just give me a minute.

请稍等一会儿。

F: There's one here at 9.

这里有一班9点的。

F: 47, then one at 10.

47分，然后有一班10点的。

F: 12, and then a third at 10.

12分，然后第三个在10点。

M: The one at 12 minutes past 10 sounds good.

10点12分的那班听起来不错。

F: All right.

好的。

F: Would you like to sit in first or second class?

您想坐一等座还是二等座？

M: Second class is fine, thanks.

二等座就好，谢谢。

M: Is there any chance we could have a window seat for one of those?

我们有可能要一个靠窗的座位吗？

F: No problem.

没问题。

F: And I've booked those seats next to each other for you.

我已经为您预订了相邻的座位。

F: The total price is £36.

总价是36英镑。

F: Is there anything else?

还有其他事吗？

M: Yes, actually.

是的，实际上。

M: We'll be taking our bicycles with us.

我们将带自行车一起。

M: What is the arrangement for that, and will it cost extra?

对此有什么安排，会额外收费吗？

F: It's no extra cost.

没有额外费用。

F: The price will be the same.

价格不变。

F: All you need to do is wait at the far end of the platform.

您只需要在站台的另一端等待。

F: When the train arrives, tell the train guard where you're going, and he will help you secure the bicycles in the last carriage and give you a ticket.

当火车到达时，告诉列车员您要去哪里，他会帮您把自行车固定在最后一节车厢，并给您一张票。

F: Then you can walk down through the train to your carriage and take your seats.

然后您可以穿过车厢走到您的座位坐下。

F: When you arrive in London, hand the ticket to the guard and he will return the bicycles to you.

当您到达伦敦时，把票交给列车员，他会把自行车还给您。

M: Thank you for the information.

感谢您提供的信息。

M: That's very helpful.

非常有帮助。

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

第8至11题基于您刚才听到的对话。

Question 8. Where would the man like to leave for London?

问题8：男士想从哪里出发去伦敦？

Question 9. What is the man's other request?

问题9：男士的另一个请求是什么？

Question 10. Where should the man wait for the train?

问题10：男士应该在哪里等火车？

Question 11. What should the man do to collect the bicycles?

问题11：男士应该怎么做才能取回自行车？

Conversation 2.

对话2。

M: Good morning.

早上好。

M: Our guest today is Karen Brook.

我们今天的嘉宾是卡伦·布鲁克。

M: Karen is the Managing Director of Cube Movie Theatre, located on Underhill Road.

卡伦是位于安德希尔路的立方电影院的总经理。

M: Thank you for coming, Karen.

感谢你的到来，卡伦。

F: Thank you for having me.

感谢邀请我。

M: So, tell us about your cinema, Cube Movie Theatre.

那么，跟我们谈谈你的电影院，立方电影院。

F: Sure.

当然。

F: Cube Movie Theatre has been around now for 11 years.

立方电影院现在已经存在了11年。

F: It's located in what used to be a hat factory.

它位于一个曾经是帽子工厂的地方。

M: Oh, really?

哦，真的吗？

F: Yeah.

是的。

F: There used to be many hat factories in Britain until around the 1950s.

在20世纪50年代左右，英国曾经有很多帽子工厂。

F: But fashion changed and most people stopped wearing hats.

但时尚变了，大多数人不再戴帽子。

F: So, practically all of those factories had to close down.

所以，几乎所有的那些工厂都不得不关闭。

F: This one in particular was closed for 47 years before we transformed it into a movie theatre.

特别是这一家，在我们将其改造成电影院之前关闭了47年。

M: I see.

我明白了。

M: I hear there's something else that makes your theatre special.

我听说还有别的事情使你的剧院特别。

M: What is it that sets you apart from other theatres?

是什么让你们与其他剧院不同？

F: We are the only movie theatre in the whole country that only shows foreign movies.

我们是全国唯一一家只放映外国电影的电影院。

M: Is there enough demand for that?

这有足够的需求吗？

M: I would have thought that in London, most people don't speak foreign languages.

我原以为在伦敦，大多数人不会说外语。

F: Sure, there's enough demand.

当然，有足够的需求。

F: The fact that we have been open and in business for all these years proves it.

我们这些年一直开业并营业的事实证明了这一点。

F: London is a very large and international city.

伦敦是一个非常大且国际化的城市。

F: There are lots of people interested in watching such movies.

有很多人对看这样的电影感兴趣。

F: Furthermore, I might add, all movies come with English text at the bottom of the screen.

此外，我可以说，所有电影屏幕底部都带有英文字幕。

F: So, even if you don't understand what the actors say, you can still read it.

所以，即使你不懂演员说什么，你仍然可以阅读。

M: Of course.

当然。

M: What movie are you showing right now?

你们现在放映什么电影？

F: This week, we're showing a musical from Pakistan.

这周，我们放映一部来自巴基斯坦的音乐剧。

F: It's very popular.

它非常受欢迎。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题12到15基于你刚刚听到的对话。

Question 12. What do we learn about hat factories in Britain?

问题12. 关于英国的帽子工厂，我们了解到什么？

Question 13. What is special about Cube Movie Theatre?

问题13. 立方电影院有什么特别之处？

Question 14. What does the man say about most people in London?

问题14. 男士对伦敦大多数人说了什么？

Question 15. What does the woman say about foreign movies shown in London?

问题15. 女士对伦敦放映的外国电影说了什么？

Passage 1.

段落1。

Love them or hate them, smartphones have become an integral part of our daily lives.

无论喜爱还是憎恨，智能手机已成为我们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。

But should they be left outside the classroom?

但它们是否应该被留在教室外？

Nick Gibb, Minister for School Standards in England, believes schools should ban their pupils from bringing in smartphones.

英格兰学校标准部长尼克·吉布认为，学校应禁止学生携带智能手机。

Astrid Natley, a secondary school math teacher, incorporates phones into her classroom.

中学数学教师阿斯特丽德·纳特利将手机融入她的课堂。

My school doesn't have money for tablets, she says.

她说：“我的学校没有钱购买平板电脑。”

When students use their phones for research, they learn they have a powerful tool in their hands.

当学生用手机进行研究时，他们会明白自己手中有一个强大的工具。

If we stop children using phones, we're rejecting something they care about.

如果我们阻止孩子使用手机，我们就是在拒绝他们关心的事物。

Meanwhile, Helen Lockhart, a registered nurse working for community education, supports a complete ban.

与此同时，从事社区教育工作的注册护士海伦·洛克哈特支持完全禁止。

I'm banned from mobile use at work, and my phone must be handed in.

我在工作中被禁止使用手机，而且必须上交手机。

If I'm caught with it in my pocket, I will be subject to disciplinary procedure, which will impact on my career.

如果我被发现口袋里有手机，我将面临纪律处分程序，这会影响我的职业生涯。

We need to teach children how to behave like the professionals they're striving to become.

我们需要教导孩子们如何像他们努力成为的专业人士那样行事。

Richard Stone, an English teacher, thinks there should be a clear separation between school and home.

英语教师理查德·斯通认为，学校和家庭之间应该有明确的区分。

Students should do things differently in the two environments.

学生在两种环境中应该有不同的行为方式。

Children are getting more than enough screen time in their lives without the need to bring their phone into the classroom.

孩子们在生活中已经有过多的屏幕时间，无需将手机带入教室。

The Internet is too easy and too unreliable a research tool, so let's leave phones and laptops at home and show them a different world in their lessons, one of books and pens, he says.

他说：“互联网作为研究工具太过简单且不可靠，所以让我们把手机和笔记本电脑留在家里，在课堂上向他们展示一个不同的世界——一个由书和笔组成的世界。”

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题16至18基于你刚才听到的文章。

Question 16. What do we learn about Astrid Natley, a secondary school math teacher?

问题16. 关于中学数学教师阿斯特丽德·纳特利，我们了解到了什么？

Question 17. Why does Helen Lockhart, a registered nurse, support a complete ban on smartphone use in the classroom?

问题17. 注册护士海伦·洛克哈特为什么支持在课堂上完全禁止使用智能手机？

Question 18. What should students do in the classroom, according to Richard Stone, an English teacher?

问题18. 根据英语教师理查德·斯通，学生在课堂上应该做什么？

Passage 2.

篇章2。

Kate, a six-year-old girl, helped her brother wash windows to get a reward promised by her mother, a purple doll that she wanted.

凯特，一个六岁的女孩，帮助她的哥哥擦窗户，以获得母亲承诺的奖励——她想要的一个紫色娃娃。

She watched her mother order the doll online.

她看着母亲在网上订购了那个娃娃。

The next day, Kate asked if she could check the shipping status, so her mom clicked on the web page and then walked out of the room.

第二天，凯特询问是否可以查看配送状态，于是她妈妈点击了网页，然后走出了房间。

Kate saw that her doll would be arriving the next afternoon, but then she noticed something else, suggestions about other dolls and toys she could order.

凯特看到她的娃娃将于第二天下午到达，但随后她注意到其他东西，关于她可以订购的其他娃娃和玩具的建议。

Fifteen minutes and a few clicks later, with more than $350 worth of dolls in her cart, Kate placed the order and ran off to play.

十五分钟和几次点击之后，凯特的购物车里有价值超过350美元的娃娃，她下了订单然后跑去玩耍了。

The next day, while checking on another online order, her mother noticed a long list of dolls on the way.

第二天，当她母亲检查另一个在线订单时，注意到一份长长的娃娃配送清单。

She was able to cancel two of them, but it was too late to cancel the rest.

她成功取消了其中两个，但取消其余的已经太晚了。

She told her daughter that they were going to be returned.

她告诉女儿，这些娃娃将被退回。

When the packages arrived, Kate wanted to open them, but her parents said no.

当包裹到达时，凯特想打开它们，但她的父母拒绝了。

Instead of sending back the dolls, her father suggested giving them to the local children's hospital.

她的父亲建议不要退回娃娃，而是将它们捐赠给当地儿童医院。

So the next week, Kate's family loaded up their car and took all the dolls to the playroom at the children's hospital.

于是，下一周，凯特一家装满汽车，把所有娃娃带到了儿童医院的游戏室。

Kate was depressed at first, but then she sat with some girl patients and they opened up all the boxes together, laughing and playing.

凯特起初很沮丧，但后来她和一些女患者坐在一起，她们一起打开所有盒子，笑着玩耍。

She had a lot of fun and learned a really good lesson.

她玩得很开心，并学到了很好的一课。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题19至21基于你刚刚听到的篇章。

Question 19. How did Kate earn the reward from her mother?

问题19. 凯特是如何从母亲那里获得奖励的？

Question 20. What did Kate do after her mother left the room?

问题20. 在母亲离开房间后，凯特做了什么？

Question 21. What did Kate's family do after the packages arrived?

问题21. 在包裹到达后，凯特一家做了什么？

Passage 3.

段落3。

Can the date you were born affect how successful your life is?

你的出生日期会影响你的人生成功程度吗？

According to recent research done in Australia, the answer is yes.

根据澳大利亚最近的研究，答案是肯定的。

The researchers found that the time when a person starts school has an enduring impact on their lives.

研究人员发现，一个人开始上学的时间对他们的生活有持久的影响。

Those who are relatively old compared to their classmates have certain advantages over them.

与同学相比年龄相对较大的人，相对于他们有一定的优势。

Previous research has found older students achieve better results.

先前的研究发现，年龄较大的学生取得更好的成绩。

They are also more likely to attend university and become professional athletes, chief executives, and even important politicians.

他们也更有可能上大学，并成为职业运动员、首席执行官，甚至重要政治家。

But the Australian researchers wanted to discover what was driving these differences.

但澳大利亚的研究人员想要发现是什么驱动了这些差异。

They suspected older, more mature students obtained more self-confidence than their peers because they achieved better grades.

他们怀疑年龄较大、更成熟的学生比同龄人获得更多的自信，因为他们取得了更好的成绩。

To test this out, they conducted two studies.

为了验证这一点，他们进行了两项研究。

One was with high school students and the other with more than a thousand Australian adults, aged between 24 and 60 years old.

一项针对高中生，另一项针对一千多名年龄在24至60岁之间的澳大利亚成年人。

In the first study, more than 600 high school students were surveyed about their tendency to take risks and feel confident.

在第一项研究中，600多名高中生被调查了他们冒险和自信的倾向。

In the second study, those born on both sides of the cutoff date for starting school were asked to complete online math questions and rate their performance.

在第二项研究中，那些出生在上学截止日期两侧的人被要求完成在线数学问题并评估自己的表现。

They were also asked about the risks they took while riding bicycles and managing their finances.

他们还被问及在骑自行车和管理财务时所冒的风险。

The researchers found that older students displayed greater risk-taking tendencies.

研究人员发现，年龄较大的学生表现出更强的冒险倾向。

While risk-taking can be considered a negative attribute, it's also a characteristic of successful people, including athletes, political leaders, and entrepreneurs.

虽然冒险可能被视为一种负面特质，但它也是成功人士的一个特征，包括运动员、政治领袖和企业家。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题22至25基于你刚刚听到的段落。

Question 22. According to recent research conducted in Australia, what has a lasting impact on one's life?

问题22. 根据澳大利亚最近进行的研究，什么对一个人的生活有持久影响？

Question 23. What was the purpose of the Australian research?

问题23. 澳大利亚研究的目的是什么？

Question 24. Who were the participants in the researchers' first study?

问题24. 研究人员第一项研究的参与者是谁？

Question 25. According to the researchers, what is one characteristic of successful people? That's the end of Listening Comprehension.

问题25. 根据研究人员，成功人士的一个特征是什么？听力理解结束。