2023年03月四级第1套长篇阅读匹配原文翻译及答案

A) Congratulations on deciding to get married! While being married is great and wonderful, the act of getting married can be quite stressful. There is the planning of the ceremony itself, the merging (合并) of two households and all of the details involved in that. You also have to take the time to apply for your marriage license and then decide whether or not you are going to keep your last name or change it.

祝贺你决定结婚！虽然婚姻生活美好而精彩，但结婚的过程可能相当有压力。这包括婚礼本身的策划、两个家庭的合并以及其中涉及的所有细节。你还得花时间申请结婚证书，然后决定是否保留或更改你的姓氏。

B) This is where a lot of people have trouble. Once upon a time, it was just customary for a bride to take her groom's last name as her own and abandon her maiden name completely. The act of keeping her own last name was considered taboo (禁忌) and people's eyebrows would raise right off their faces when they found out that the bride was even considering something so radical. Over time, though, more and more women are deciding to keep their last names.

这正是许多人遇到困难的地方。从前，新娘采用新郎的姓氏并完全放弃自己的娘家姓是惯例。保留自己的姓氏曾被视为禁忌，当人们发现新娘甚至考虑如此激进的事情时，他们都会惊讶得眉毛都快飞起来了。然而，随着时间的推移，越来越多的女性决定保留自己的姓氏。

C) There are a lot of reasons to want to keep your own last name. Hopefully you have a supportive groom who understands why this idea is the most appealing to you. A lot of times, though, the act of keeping your name is still something that causes concern. Even if your groom is fine with it, his family (or your own) might not be so understanding.

保留自己的姓氏有很多理由。希望你有一个支持你的新郎，他理解为什么这个想法对你最有吸引力。但很多时候，保留姓氏的行为仍然会引起担忧。即使你的新郎同意，他的家人（或你自己的家人）可能不会那么理解。

D) There are a couple of ways to compromise on the issue. You could choose an entirely new last name for the two of you to share. This way neither of you gets "your" way and you both have to deal with the legalities of going through a name change. Most of the time, though, the most popular compromise is to hyphenate your last name and the last name of your groom. For example, if your groom's name is John Smith and your name is Kate Jones, you would name yourself Kate Jones-Smith or Kate Smith-Jones. This allows you to keep going by your own last name while legally adopting your husband's last name at the same time.

在这个问题上，有几种折中方法。你可以选择一个全新的姓氏供两人共享。这样，谁都没有完全按自己的方式来，而且你们都必须处理更改姓名的法律程序。但大多数时候，最流行的折中方案是用连字符连接你的姓氏和新郎的姓氏。例如，如果你的新郎叫John Smith，你叫Kate Jones，你可以将自己命名为Kate Jones-Smith或Kate Smith-Jones。这让你能继续使用自己的姓氏，同时在法律上也采用了丈夫的姓氏。

E) The compromise is the biggest reason that so many women choose to hyphenate their last names. It is a way of you keeping your own identity while also making your future husband happy. It allows you to stay connected to accomplishments that you achieved before you got married. For example, many women who choose to hyphenate do so partially because they have earned higher educational degrees and certifications under their maiden names. They might have also had things published or publicized and want to stay connected to that identity. Hyphenating your last name can help you bridge the gap between your personal and professional lives. Many women who opt to simply keep their own names do so because they don't want to give up all that they have accomplished professionally. Adopting their husband's last name makes it hard for them to claim ownership of these accomplishments personally because they happened under their "other" name.

折中方案是许多女性选择用连字符连接姓氏的最大原因。这是一种既保留自己身份又让未来丈夫开心的方式。它让你能保持与婚前成就的联系。例如，许多选择加连字符的女性部分原因是她们在娘家姓下获得了高等教育学位和认证。她们可能还有出版物或公开成果，并希望保持与那个身份的关联。用连字符连接姓氏可以帮助你弥合个人生活和职业生活之间的差距。许多选择简单保留自己姓氏的女性这样做是因为她们不想放弃在职业上取得的一切成就。采用丈夫的姓氏使她们很难声称这些成就是她们个人的，因为这些成就是在她们“另一个”姓氏下取得的。

F) While tradition is one thing, there isn't any logical reason to completely change your name. Keeping your name and joining it to your husband's through hyphenation is as legal as simply adopting his name or as simply keeping your own and leaving his out of the picture entirely.

虽然传统是一回事，但完全没有逻辑理由去彻底改变你的名字。保留你的名字并通过连字符与丈夫的名字连接，这和简单采用他的名字、或完全保留自己的名字而不涉及他的名字一样合法。

G) Probably the most important reason to consider hyphenation is your identity. You've spent your whole life building your identity under a certain name. Obviously you will still be you even if you've taken on your husband's last name and omitted yours entirely. At the same time, your name is associated with the identity you've built up and hyphenation allows you to respect that while also respecting tradition and your husband's family's identity.

考虑加连字符最重要的原因可能是你的身份。你一生都在某个名字下构建自己的身份。显然，即使你采用了丈夫的姓氏并完全省略了自己的姓氏，你仍然是你。同时，你的名字与你建立的身份相关联，加连字符让你能尊重这一点，同时也尊重传统和你丈夫家庭的身份。

H) If you care about outside opinions on your name, you should know that a large portion of today's society is annoyed by the hyphenated name. Some people find it "snobby" (势利的) and others simply find it irritating because they have a hard time remembering which last name they are supposed to say first. Some people even believe that not simply adopting your husband's last name is a huge sign of disrespect and a lack of commitment.

如果你在意外界对你名字的看法，你应该知道当今社会有很大一部分人对连字符姓名感到恼火。有些人觉得它“势利”，其他人则只是觉得烦人，因为他们很难记住应该先说哪个姓氏。有些人甚至认为不简单采用丈夫的姓氏是不尊重和缺乏承诺的重大标志。

I) It is possible that your future husband will find this choice offensive. Some men, regardless of how you might feel about such things, are traditionalists and feel that it is simply "right" for the woman to take the man's last name as her own. Whether your future husband insisting on your adopting his last name is a red flag to you or not, it is still something that you should take into consideration.

你的未来丈夫可能会觉得这个选择令人不快。有些男人，无论你对此类事情有何感受，是传统主义者，认为女性采用男性的姓氏是“正确”的。无论你未来丈夫坚持让你采用他的姓氏对你是否是一个警告信号，这仍然是你应该考虑的事情。

J) There are all sorts of reasons to hyphenate your name or not to hyphenate your name. The basis for each of these things, however, is whether or not you are willing to make a compromise when it comes to changing your name. The hyphenation is the epitome (体现) of a compromise. One spouse wants a complete name change. The other spouse wants no name change. Hyphenating the two names is a way for each person to, at least a little bit, "win" the argument.

有各种各样的理由选择加连字符或不加连字符。然而，这些事情的基础是，当涉及更改姓名时，你是否愿意做出妥协。加连字符是折中的体现。一方配偶想要彻底改名。另一方配偶不想改名。用连字符连接两个名字是一种让每个人至少在一定程度上“赢得”争论的方式。

K) And don't forget the legal stuff! Making the decision is just part of the process. From there you are going to have to legally change your name all over the place. You'll need to change your name at the bank, with social security, with your credit cards, on your driver's license, at the gym... everywhere. It's easy to get overwhelmed just thinking about it.

别忘了法律手续！做出决定只是过程的一部分。从那以后，你必须在所有地方合法更改你的名字。你需要在银行、社保、信用卡、驾照、健身房……所有地方改名。光想想就很容易感到不知所措。

L) What matters, of course, is that the two of you are going to be happily married—hopefully for the rest of your lives. At the end of the day, whether you each keep your names, whether you come up with an entirely new name for the two of you to share or whether you hyphenate your current last names, what matters is that you love each other and are going to be joining your lives together. Try to remember that as you are staring at the application for your marriage license and filling out the portion that reads "name after you get named" (or whatever the legalese for that might be).

当然，重要的是你们两人将幸福地结婚——希望是一辈子。归根结底，无论你们各自保留自己的名字，还是想出一个全新的名字供两人共享，或是用连字符连接你们当前的姓氏，重要的是你们彼此相爱，并将把生活结合在一起。当你盯着结婚证书申请表，填写那个写着“婚后姓名”（或任何法律术语）的部分时，要记住这一点。