2021年06月六级第1套听力原文及答案解析

Conversation 1.

对话一。

M: It's my last day at work tomorrow.

明天是我在公司的最后一天。

M: I start my new job in two weeks.

两周后我开始新工作。

M: My human resources manager wants to conduct an interview with me before I leave.

我的人力资源经理想在我离开前对我进行一次面谈。

F: Ah, an exit interview.

啊，一次离职面谈。

F: Are you looking forward to it?

你期待它吗？

M: I'm not sure how I feel about it.

我不确定我对它有什么感觉。

M: I resigned because I've been unhappy at that company for a long time, but I'm not sure if I should tell them how I really feel.

我辞职是因为我在那家公司长期不快乐，但我不确定是否应该告诉他们我的真实感受。

F: To my way of thinking, there are two main potential benefits that come from unleashing an agitated stream of truth during an exit interview.

在我看来，在离职面谈中释放一连串激动的真相有两个主要潜在好处。

F: The first is release.

第一个是释放。

F: Unburdening yourself of frustration and perhaps even anger to someone who isn't a friend or close colleague can be wonderfully freeing.

向一个非朋友或亲密同事倾诉你的挫败感甚至愤怒，可以非常解脱。

M: And let me guess, the second is that the criticism will, theoretically, help the organization I'm leaving to improve, making sure employees of the future are less likely to encounter what I did?

让我猜猜，第二个是，理论上，批评将帮助我即将离开的组织改进，确保未来的员工不太可能遇到我经历的事情？

F: That's right, but the problem with the company improvement part is that very often it doesn't happen.

没错，但公司改进部分的问题是，它经常不会发生。

F: An exit interview is supposed to be private, but often isn't.

离职面谈本应是私密的，但往往不是。

F: In my company, the information gained from these interviews is often not confidential and the information is used as dirt against another manager or it can be traded among senior managers.

在我公司，从这些面谈中获得的信息往往不保密，这些信息被用作对付其他经理的把柄，或者可能在高级经理之间交易。

M: Now you've got me rethinking what I'll disclose in the interview.

现在你让我重新考虑我在面谈中要透露什么。

M: There is always the chance that it could affect my reputation and my ability to network in the industry.

总是有可能它会影响我的声誉和我在行业中的网络能力。

M: It is a pretty small industry after all.

毕竟这是一个相当小的行业。

F: Anything you initially gain from the instant satisfaction of telling it like it is, you might lose down the track by injuring your future career prospects.

你最初从如实说出的即时满足中获得的任何东西，你可能会在未来损害职业前景的过程中失去。

M: Right, perhaps I would be better getting things off my chest by going to one of those rate your employer websites.

对，或许我最好去那些评价雇主的网站发泄一下。

F: You could, and don't do the interview at all.

你可以，而且根本不要做那个面谈。

F: Exit interviews are not mandatory.

离职面谈不是强制性的。

Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题1到4基于你刚刚听到的对话。

Question 1. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?

问题1. 从对话中我们了解到关于这位男士的什么？

Question 2. What does the woman think about the information gained from an exit interview?

问题2. 这位女士对从离职面谈中获得的信息有什么看法？

Question 3. Why does the man want to rethink what he will say in the coming exit interview?

问题3. 为什么这位男士想重新考虑他在即将到来的离职面谈中要说什么？

Question 4. What does the man think he had better do?

问题4. 这位男士认为他最好做什么？

Conversation two

对话二

What do we learn about the man from the conversation?

从对话中我们了解到这位男士的什么信息？

M: Today I'm talking to the renowned botanist Jane Forster.

今天，我将与著名植物学家Jane Forster进行交流。

F: Thank you for inviting me to join you on the show, Henry.

感谢你邀请我参加节目，Henry。

M: Recently, Jane, you've become quite a celebrity since the release of your latest documentary.

Jane，自从你最新的纪录片发布以来，你已经成为了一位相当知名的公众人物。

M: Can you tell us a little about it?

你能跟我们简单谈谈这部纪录片吗？

F: Well, it follows my expedition to study the vegetation indigenous to the rainforest in equatorial areas of Southeast Asia.

好的，它记录了我前往东南亚赤道地区研究当地雨林植被的考察之旅。

M: You certainly get to travel to some very exotic locations.

你肯定有机会去了一些非常有异域风情的地方。

F: It was far from glamorous, to be honest.

说实话，这远非光鲜。

F: The area we visited was accessible only by canoe, and the living conditions in the hut were primitive, to say the least.

我们到访的区域只能乘独木舟进入，小屋里的居住条件也至少可以说是原始的。

F: There was no electricity, and our water supply was a nearby stream.

那里没有电，我们的用水来源是附近的一条溪流。

M: How were the weather conditions while you were there?

你们在那里的天气状况如何？

F: The weather was not conducive to our work at all, since the humidity was almost unbearable.

天气对我们的工作非常不利，因为湿度几乎让人难以忍受。

F: At midday, we stayed in the hut and did nothing.

中午时分，我们待在小屋里，什么都不做。

F: It was too humid to either work or sleep.

天气太潮湿了，既无法工作，也无法睡觉。

M: How long did your team spend in the jungle?

你的团队在丛林里待了多久？

F: Originally, we planned to be there for a month, but in the end, we stayed for only two weeks.

原本我们计划在那里待一个月，但最终只待了两周。

M: Why did you cut the expedition short?

为什么缩短了考察行程？

F: Halfway through the trip, we received news that a hurricane was approaching, and we had to evacuate at very short notice.

行程过半时，我们收到消息说一场飓风正在逼近，我们不得不在极短的通知时间内撤离。

M: That sounds like a fascinating anecdote.

这听起来像是一段引人入胜的轶事。

F: It was frightening.

这很吓人。

F: The fastest evacuation route was through river rapids.

最快的撤离路线是穿过湍急的河流。

F: We had to navigate them carrying all of our equipment.

我们必须携带所有设备，驾驭这些急流。

M: So overall, was the journey unsuccessful?

那么总体来看，这次旅程是失败的吗？

F: Absolutely not.

绝对不是。

F: We gathered a massive amount of data about the local plant life.

我们收集了大量关于当地植物生命的宝贵数据。

M: Why do you put up with such adverse conditions?

你为什么能忍受如此恶劣的条件？

F: Botany is an obsession for me.

植物学是我的痴迷所在。

F: Many of the destinations I visit have stunning scenery, and I get to meet a variety of people from all over the world.

我访问的许多目的地都有令人惊叹的风景，而且我能遇到来自世界各地、形形色色的人。

M: So where will your next destination be?

那么你的下一个目的地会是哪里？

F: I haven't decided yet.

我还没决定。

M: Then we can leave it for another occasion.

那我们可以留到下次再谈。

F: Thanks.

谢谢。

Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

第5至8题基于你刚刚听到的对话。

Question 5. What does the man want Jane Forrester to talk about?

问题5. 这位男士希望Jane Forrester谈论什么？

Question 6. Why does the woman describe her experience as far from glamorous?

问题6. 为什么这位女士形容她的经历远非光鲜？

Question 7. Why did the woman and those who went with her end their trip halfway?

问题7. 为什么这位女士和同行者中途结束了旅程？

Question 8. What does the woman think of Jane Forrester?

问题8. 这位女士如何看待Jane Forrester？

Passage 1.

第一段。

Readers felt less informed about science and less qualified to discuss science topics.

读者们感到对科学了解较少，且不太有资格讨论科学话题。

It's noteworthy that it made no difference if the jargon terms were defined in the text.

值得注意的是，无论术语是否在文本中被定义，都没有区别。

Even when the terms were defined, readers still felt the same lack of engagement as readers who read jargon that wasn't explained.

即使术语被定义了，读者仍然感到与阅读未解释术语的读者相同的疏离感。

The problem is that the mere presence of jargon sends a discouraging message to readers.

问题在于，仅仅是术语的存在就向读者传递了一个令人沮丧的信息。

Hilary Shulman, the author of the study, asserts that specialised words are a signal.

研究的作者希拉里·舒尔曼声称，专业词汇是一种信号。

Jargon tells people that the message isn't for them.

术语告诉人们，这个信息不是针对他们的。

There's an even darker side to how people react to jargon.

人们对术语的反应还有更阴暗的一面。

In another study, researchers found that reading scientific articles containing jargon led people to doubt the actual science.

在另一项研究中，研究人员发现，阅读包含术语的科学文章会导致人们怀疑实际的科学。

They found the opposite when a text is easier to read.

他们发现，当文本更容易阅读时，情况恰恰相反。

Then, people are more persuaded.

那时，人们更容易被说服。

Thus, it's important to communicate clearly when talking about complex science subjects.

因此，在谈论复杂的科学主题时，清晰地沟通是很重要的。

This is especially true with issues related to public health, like the safety of new medications and the benefits of vaccines.

这在涉及公共健康的问题上尤其如此，比如新药物的安全性和疫苗的好处。

Shulman concedes that the use of jargon is appropriate with scientific audiences.

舒尔曼承认，在科学受众中使用术语是适当的。

But scientists who want to communicate with the general public need to modify their language.

但想要与公众沟通的科学家需要修改他们的语言。

They need to eliminate jargon.

他们需要消除术语。

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题9到11基于你刚刚听到的段落。

Question 9. What does the passage say about the use of jargon terms by experts?

问题9. 段落中说了什么关于专家使用术语的情况？

Question 10. What do researchers find about people reading scientific articles containing jargon terms?

问题10. 研究人员发现阅读包含术语的科学文章的人们有什么情况？

Question 11. What does Shulman suggest scientists do when communicating with the general public?

问题11. 舒尔曼建议科学家在与公众沟通时做什么？

Passage 2.

段落2。

At the beginning of the 20th century, on the Gulf Coast in the U.

20世纪初，在墨西哥湾沿岸的

S.

美国

state of Texas, there was a hill where gas leakage was so noticeable that schoolboys would sometimes set the hill on fire.

德克萨斯州，有一座山，那里气体泄漏非常明显，以至于男学生们有时会放火烧山。

Patio Higgins, a disreputable local businessman, became convinced that there was oil below the gassy hill.

帕蒂奥·希金斯，一位声名狼藉的当地商人，坚信这座气体弥漫的山下有石油。

Oil wells weren't drilled back then.

那时，油井不是钻探的。

They were essentially dug.

它们本质上是挖掘出来的。

The sand under the hill defeated several attempts by Higgins' workers to make a proper hole.

山下的沙土挫败了希金斯的工人们多次尝试挖一个合适的孔。

Higgins had forecast oil at a thousand feet, a totally made-up figure.

希金斯曾预测石油在一千英尺深，这是一个完全编造的数字。

Higgins subsequently hired a mining engineer, Captain Anthony Lucas.

希金斯随后雇佣了一名采矿工程师，安东尼·卢卡斯船长。

After encountering several setbacks, Captain Lucas decided to use a drill, and his innovations created the modern oil drilling industry.

在遭遇几次挫折后，卢卡斯船长决定使用钻机，他的创新创造了现代石油钻探行业。

In January 1901, at 1,020 feet, almost precisely the depth predicted by Higgins' wild guess, the well roared and suddenly ejected mud and six tons of drilling pipe out of the ground, terrifying those present.

1901年1月，在1020英尺深处，几乎正好是希金斯胡乱猜测的深度，油井轰鸣并突然将泥浆和六吨钻探管从地下喷出，吓坏了在场的人。

For the next nine days until the well was capped, the well poured out more oil than all the wells in America combined.

在接下来的九天里，直到油井被封住，该井喷出的石油比美国所有油井的总和还要多。

In those days, Texas was almost entirely rural, with no large cities and practically no industry.

在那些日子里，德克萨斯州几乎完全是农村，没有大城市，几乎没有工业。

Cotton and beef were the foundation of the economy.

棉花和牛肉是经济的基础。

Higgins' well changed that.

希金斯的油井改变了这一点。

The boom made some prospectors millionaires, but the sudden surplus of petroleum was not entirely a blessing for Texas.

繁荣使一些勘探者成为百万富翁，但石油的突然过剩对德克萨斯州来说并不完全是福音。

In the 1930s, prices crashed to the point that, in some parts of the country, oil was cheaper than water.

在20世纪30年代，价格暴跌到在某些地区石油比水还便宜。

That would become a familiar pattern of the boom-or-bust Texas economy.

这将成为德克萨斯州经济繁荣或萧条的熟悉模式。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题12到15基于你刚刚听到的段落。

Question 12. What did Texas businessman Petilio Higgins believe?

问题12. 德克萨斯州商人帕蒂奥·希金斯相信什么？

Question 13. What prevented Higgins' workers from digging a proper hole to get the oil?

问题13. 是什么阻止了希金斯的工人们挖一个合适的孔来获取石油？

Question 14. What does the passage say about Captain Lucas's drilling method?

问题14. 段落对卢卡斯船长的钻探方法说了什么？

Question 15. What do we learn about Texas' oil industry boom?

问题15. 我们了解到德克萨斯州石油工业繁荣的什么？

Recording 1.

录音1。

Most people dislike their jobs.

大多数人不喜欢自己的工作。

It's an astonishing but statistical fact.

这是一个惊人但有统计数据支撑的事实。

A primary cause of employee dissatisfaction, according to fresh research, is that many believe they have terrible managers.

根据最新研究，员工不满的一个主要原因是许多人认为他们有糟糕的管理者。

Few describe their managers as malicious or manipulative, though.

然而，很少有人描述他们的管理者是恶意或善于操纵的。

While those types certainly exist, they're a minority.

尽管这类人确实存在，但他们属于少数。

The majority of managers seemingly just don't know any better.

大多数管理者似乎只是不了解更好的做法。

They're often emulating bad managers they've had in the past.

他们常常在模仿他们过去遇到过的糟糕管理者。

It's likely they've never read a management book or attended a management course.

很可能他们从未读过一本管理书籍或参加过一门管理课程。

They might not have even reflected on what good management looks like and how it would influence their own management style.

他们甚至可能从未反思过什么是良好的管理以及它将如何影响他们自己的管理风格。

The researchers interviewed employees about their managers, beginning with a question about the worst manager they had ever had.

研究人员就他们的管理者采访了员工，第一个问题是关于他们曾经遇到过的最糟糕的管理者。

From this, the researchers came up with four main causes of why some managers are perceived as being simply awful at their jobs.

由此，研究人员总结出为什么有些管理者被简单地认为在工作中表现糟糕的四个主要原因。

The first cause was company culture, which was seen by employees as enabling poor management practices.

第一个原因是公司文化，员工认为这种文化助长了糟糕的管理实践。

It was specifically stressful work environments, minimal training, and a lack of accountability that were found to be the most blameworthy.

具体来说，被发现最受诟病的是压力巨大的工作环境、最少的培训以及缺乏问责制。

Often, a manager's superiors can effectively encourage a manager's distasteful behavior when they fail to discipline the person's wrongdoings.

通常，当管理者的上级未能惩戒其不当行为时，实际上会有效地鼓励其令人不快的行为。

Such workplaces are sometimes described as toxic.

这样的工作场所有时被描述为有害的环境。

The second cause was attributed to the manager's characteristics.

第二个原因归因于管理者的个人特质。

Those deemed to be most destructive were odd people, those without drive, those who allow personal problems into the workplace, and those with an unpleasant temperament or personality in general.

那些被认为最具破坏性的包括古怪的人、缺乏进取心的人、将个人问题带入工作的人，以及性情或性格总体上令人不悦的人。

The third cause of poor management was associated with a deficiency of qualifications.

第三个导致管理不善的原因与资格不足有关。

Not so much the formal variety one obtains from a university, but the informal variety that comes from credible work experience and professional accomplishments.

这种不足更多指的是来自可信的工作经验和专业成就的非正式资历，而非来自大学的正式资历。

The fourth cause concerned managers who've been promoted for reasons other than potential.

第四个原因涉及那些因潜力之外的原因而被提拔的管理者。

One reason in particular why these people had been promoted was that they had been around the longest.

这些人被提拔的一个特别原因是他们工作年限最长。

It wasn't their skill set or other merits that got them the job.

让他们得到这份工作的不是他们的技能组合或其他优点。

It was their tenure.

而是他们的任期。

A point worth making is that the study was based only on the perspective of employees.

需要指出的一点是，这项研究仅基于员工的视角。

The researchers didn't ask senior leaders what they thought of their frontline managers.

研究人员没有询问高级领导者对他们一线管理者的看法。

It's quite possible they're content with how the individuals they promoted are now performing.

很有可能他们对那些被提拔者的当前表现感到满意。

Merely ignorant of the damage they're actually causing.

只是对这些人实际造成的损害一无所知。

Which might explain why, as the researchers conclude, those same middle managers are usually unaware that they are a bad manager.

这或许可以解释为什么，正如研究人员所总结的，那些中层管理者通常没有意识到自己是个糟糕的管理者。

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the lecture you have just heard.

第16至18题基于你刚刚听到的讲座。

Question 16. What is a primary cause of employee dissatisfaction, according to recent research?

第16题。根据近期研究，员工不满的一个主要原因是什么？

Question 17. What is one of the causes for poor management practices?

第17题。管理不善实践的原因之一是什么？

Question 18. What do we learn about the study on job dissatisfaction?

第18题。关于工作不满的研究，我们了解到了什么？

Recording 2.

录音2。

With the use of driverless vehicles seemingly inevitable, mining companies in the vast Australian desert state of Western Australia are definitely taking the lead.

鉴于无人驾驶车辆的使用似乎不可避免，位于广阔的澳大利亚沙漠州——西澳大利亚的矿业公司无疑走在前列。

Iron ore is a key ingredient in steelmaking.

铁矿石是炼钢的关键原料。

The mining companies here produce almost 300 million tons of iron ore a year.

这里的矿业公司每年生产近3亿吨铁矿石。

The 240 giant autonomous trucks in use in the Western Australian mines can weigh 400 tons fully loaded and travel at speeds of up to 60 kilometers per hour.

西澳大利亚矿场中使用的240辆巨型自动驾驶卡车满载时重量可达400吨，最高时速可达60公里。

They are a technological leap, transporting iron ore along routes which run for hundreds of kilometers from mines to their destinations.

它们是一次技术飞跃，沿着从矿山到目的地长达数百公里的路线运输铁矿石。

Here, when the truck arrives at its destination, staff in the operations center direct it precisely where to unload.

在这里，当卡车到达目的地时，运营中心的工作人员会精确指导它在哪里卸货。

Vast quantities of iron ore are then transported by autonomous trains to ocean ports.

随后，大量铁矿石由自动驾驶列车运往海港。

Advocates argue these automated vehicles will change mining forever.

倡导者认为，这些自动化车辆将永远改变采矿业。

It may only be five years before the use of automation technology leads to a fully robotic mine.

或许只需五年，自动化技术的使用就能导致完全机器人的矿山。

A range of factors has pushed Western Australia's desert region to the lead of this automation revolution.

一系列因素已推动西澳大利亚沙漠地区在这场自动化革命中处于领先地位。

These include the huge size of the mines, the scale of equipment, and the repetitive nature of some of the work.

这些因素包括矿山的巨大规模、设备的规模以及一些工作的重复性质。

Then there's the area's remoteness.

还有该地区的偏远性。

At 502,000 square kilometers, it can sometimes make recruiting staff a challenge.

面积达502,000平方公里，有时会使招聘员工成为一项挑战。

Another consideration is the risks when humans interact with large machinery.

另一个考虑因素是人类与大型机械互动时的风险。

There are also the financial imperatives.

还有财务上的必要性。

The ongoing push by the mining corporations to be more productive and more efficient is another powerful driver in embracing automation technology.

矿业公司持续推动提高生产力和效率，这是拥抱自动化技术的另一个强大驱动力。

The concept of a fully autonomous mine is a bit of a misleading term, however.

然而，完全自主矿山的概念有点误导性。

This is because the more technology is put into the field, the more people are needed to deploy, maintain, and improve it.

这是因为技术投入越多，部署、维护和改进它所需的人就越多。

The automation and digitization of the industry is creating a need for different jobs.

该行业的自动化和数字化正在创造对不同工作的需求。

These include data scientists and engineers in automation and artificial intelligence.

这些工作包括数据科学家以及自动化和人工智能领域的工程师。

The mining companies claim automation and robotics present opportunities to make mining more sustainable and safer.

矿业公司声称，自动化和机器人技术提供了使采矿更可持续和更安全的机会。

Employees will be offered a career that is even more fulfilling and more rewarding.

员工将获得更充实、更有回报的职业生涯。

Workers' unions have accepted the inevitability of the introduction of new technology, but they still have reservations about the rise of automation technology.

工会已经接受了新技术引入的不可避免性，但他们仍对自动化技术的兴起持保留态度。

Their main concern is the potential impact on remote communities.

他们的主要担忧是对偏远社区的潜在影响。

As automation spreads further, the question is how these remote communities will survive when the old jobs are eliminated.

随着自动化的进一步蔓延，问题是当旧的工作岗位被消除时，这些偏远社区将如何生存。

And this may well prove to be the most significant impact of robotic technology in many places around the world.

这很可能会成为机器人技术在全球许多地方最显著的影响。

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the lecture you have just heard.

问题19至22基于你刚刚听到的讲座。

Question 19. What does the passage say about the mining industry in Western Australia?

问题19. 文章对西澳大利亚的采矿业有何描述？

Question 20. What is the impact of the digitization of the mining industry?

问题20. 采矿业数字化的影响是什么？

Question 21. What is the attitude of workers' unions towards the introduction of new technology?

问题21. 工会对新技术引入的态度如何？

Recording 3.

录音3.

According to the report by the Department of Labor, According to official statistics, Thailand's annual road death rate is almost double the global average.

根据劳工部的报告，根据官方统计，泰国的年道路死亡率几乎是全球平均水平的两倍。

Thai people know that their roads are dangerous, but they don't know this could easily be changed.

泰国人知道他们的道路很危险，但他们不知道这很容易改变。

Globally, road accidents kill more people every year than any infectious disease.

在全球范围内，道路事故每年造成的死亡人数超过任何传染病。

Researchers at the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation in America put the death toll in 2017 at 1.

美国健康指标与评估研究所的研究人员将2017年的死亡人数定为1。

24 million.

2400万。

According to the institute, the overall number of deaths has been more or less static since the turn of the century.

根据该研究所的数据，自世纪之交以来，死亡总人数大致保持稳定。

But that disguises a lot of changes in individual countries.

但这掩盖了个别国家的许多变化。

In many poor countries, road accidents are killing more people than ever before.

在许多贫穷国家，道路事故造成的死亡人数比以往任何时候都多。

Those countries have swelling, young populations, a fast-growing fleet of cars and motorbikes, and a limited supply of surgeons.

这些国家有不断增长的年轻人口、快速增长的汽车和摩托车车队，以及有限的外科医生供应。

It is impossible to know for sure because official statistics are so inadequate, but deaths are thought to have risen by 40% since 1990 in many low-income countries.

由于官方统计数据不完善，无法确切知道，但据认为自1990年以来，许多低收入国家的死亡人数上升了40%。

In many rich countries, by contrast, roads are becoming even safer.

相比之下，在许多富裕国家，道路正变得更加安全。

In Estonia and Ireland, for example, the number of deaths has fallen by about two-thirds since the late 1990s.

例如，在爱沙尼亚和爱尔兰，自20世纪90年代末以来，死亡人数下降了约三分之二。

But the most important and intriguing changes are taking place in middle-income countries, which contain most of the world's people and have some of the most dangerous roads.

但最重要且引人入胜的变化发生在中等收入国家，这些国家拥有世界上大部分人口，并有一些最危险的道路。

According to researchers, in China and South Africa, traffic deaths have been falling since 2000, and in India since 2012.

根据研究人员的说法，在中国和南非，自2000年以来交通死亡人数一直在下降，而在印度自2012年以来也在下降。

And the Philippines reached its peak four years ago.

而菲律宾在四年前达到了峰值。

The question is whether Thailand can soon follow suit.

问题是泰国能否很快效仿。

Rob McKinney, head of the International Road Assessment Program, says that all countries tend to go through three phases.

国际道路评估项目负责人罗布·麦金尼表示，所有国家都倾向于经历三个阶段。

They begin with poor, slow roads.

它们从糟糕、缓慢的道路开始。

In the second phase, as they grow wealthier, they pave the roads, allowing traffic to move faster and pushing up the death rate.

在第二阶段，随着它们变得更加富裕，它们铺平道路，允许交通更快流动，并推高死亡率。

Lastly, in the third phase, countries act to make their roads safer.

最后，在第三阶段，国家采取行动使道路更安全。

The trick, then, is to reach the third stage sooner, by focusing earlier and more closely on fatal accidents.

因此，诀窍是更早、更紧密地关注致命事故，从而更快达到第三阶段。

How to do that?

如何做到这一点？

The solution lies not just in better infrastructure, but in better social incentives.

解决方案不仅在于更好的基础设施，还在于更好的社会激励。

Safe driving habits are practices which people know they should follow, but often don't.

安全驾驶习惯是人们知道应该遵循但往往不遵循的做法。

Dangerous driving is not a fixed cultural trait, as some imagine.

危险驾驶并非如某些人所想的固定文化特征。

People respond to incentives, such as traffic laws, that are actually enforced.

人们会对激励措施作出反应，例如实际执行的交通法规。

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the lecture you have just heard.

问题23至25基于你刚才听到的讲座。

Question 22. What does the speaker say about traffic accidents in Thailand?

问题22. 关于泰国的交通事故，讲话者说了什么？

Question 23. What do we learn from an American institute's statistics regarding road deaths?

问题23. 从一家美国研究所的统计数据中，我们了解到关于道路死亡的什么信息？

Question 24. What is said about middle-income countries?

问题24. 关于中等收入国家说了什么？

Question 25. What else could be done to reduce fatal road accidents, in addition to safer roads? That's the end of Listening Comprehension.

问题25. 除了更安全的道路，还可以采取什么措施来减少致命的道路事故？听力理解到此结束。