2026年06月六级第3套听力原文及答案解析

F: Hi Frank, are you working through your lunch hour again?

嗨，Frank，你又在午休时间加班工作吗？

M: No, not at all.

不，完全没有。

M: It's my 10th wedding anniversary next week and I promised Jane that I would book a city break for us as I have annual leave to take and it would be nice to celebrate somewhere warm, so I'm trying to book something in Barcelona.

下周是我结婚十周年纪念日，我答应过 Jane 要给我们订一次城市短途旅行，因为我还有年假要休，去个暖和的地方庆祝一下会很不错，所以我正想订巴塞罗那的行程。

F: That sounds so romantic!

听起来太浪漫了！

F: I adore Barcelona.

我特别喜欢巴塞罗那。

F: It's such a fabulous cosmopolitan city.

那是一座非常棒的国际化大都市。

F: There's so much to do there.

在那里有很多可做的事情。

F: Excellent food and that cathedral that they are still building after about 150 years.

美食一流，还有那座建了大约一百五十年、至今仍在修建的大教堂。

F: Very cool.

非常酷。

M: I know, but the anniversary is looming and I'm still scrambling to find accommodation.

我知道，可纪念日眼看就要到了，我却还在手忙脚乱地找住处。

M: Everything is either wildly expensive or already fully booked.

所有地方要么贵得离谱，要么已经订满了。

M: I'm starting to feel a bit frantic.

我开始有点慌了。

F: Well, if you are going for a whole week, why don't you do a couple of nights in somewhere really glamorous and then do the rest of the week a bit further up the coast where the accommodation is cheaper and that will offset the cost of the expensive place.

这样吧，如果你们要待整整一周，为什么不在某个特别奢华的地方住上两三晚，然后剩下的时间去海岸线更北一点、住宿更便宜的地方，这样就能抵消掉贵的那家的费用。

M: That might be a good plan.

这或许是个好主意。

M: It's not too expensive to rent a car, so we could still drive into the city.

租车也不太贵，所以我们仍然可以开车进城。

F: Yes, there are lots of places outside the city that have pools and are all inclusive, so we wouldn't even need to pay for food or drinks.

对，城外有很多地方带泳池，而且是全包式的，这样我们连餐饮费都不用另付。

M: I'll send a query now about the dates we're interested in.

我现在就发个咨询，问问我们想要的那些日期。

F: That sounds perfect.

那听起来太完美了。

F: I'm sure that Jane will be absolutely thrilled to bits.

我敢肯定 Jane 一定会高兴得不得了。

F: I really do recommend visiting that cathedral.

我真的很推荐去参观那座大教堂。

F: You can go all the way up to the top of it, but you need to go up a really steep spiral staircase to get there.

你可以一直爬到教堂顶端，不过得爬一段非常陡的螺旋楼梯才能上去。

M: Considering Jane is terrified of heights, I think if I tried to make her do that, I would come back divorced.

考虑到 Jane 特别怕高，我想如果我硬要她爬上去，回来时恐怕就离婚了。

M: Thanks for the help, though.

不过还是谢谢你的帮忙。

M: It was turning into a logistical nightmare.

这事儿都快变成一场安排上的噩梦了。

Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

Question 1. What is the man planning to do?

Question 2. Why is the man starting to feel a bit frantic?

Question 3. What does the woman suggest the man do?

Question 4. What does the man say about his wife Jane?

M: How about you?

你呢？

F: Same here.

我也一样。

F: Although I did have an interesting case come in this morning.

不过今天上午我确实遇到了一个有意思的病例。

F: A patient came in, inquiring about a medication that had a potential interaction with another medication she was already taking.

一位患者来咨询一种药物，而这种药和她正在服用的另一种药可能存在相互作用。

M: Oh, that's always tricky.

哦，这种情况总是很棘手。

M: What did you do?

你是怎么处理的？

F: I explained the issue to her as best I could, and recommended she double check with her doctor.

我尽可能向她解释了这个问题，并建议她再去和她的医生核实一下。

F: And you know what?

你猜怎么着？

F: She actually followed my advice, and the doctor ended up switching the patient's medication.

她真的听了我的建议，医生最后给这位患者换了药。

M: Ah, that's great.

啊，那太好了。

M: You must feel quite accomplished.

你一定很有成就感吧。

F: Totally.

当然。

F: These moments are the highlights of my routine work, employing my pharmaceutical expertise to the benefit of people's health and well-being.

这些时刻是我日常工作中最闪光的部分——运用我的药学专业知识来造福人们的健康和福祉。

M: I fully agree.

我完全同意。

M: Unfortunately, the opposite is true when the patient is too stubborn, and they refuse to listen to us.

遗憾的是，当患者过于固执、不肯听我们的建议时，情况就恰恰相反了。

F: So true.

太对了。

F: In other developments, we've had a lot of people coming in to get their flu shots, which is always good to see.

另外，最近有很多人来打流感疫苗，这总是件让人高兴的事。

M: Good, good.

很好，很好。

M: I've been working on a new medication therapy management program for our patients with chronic conditions.

我一直在为我们那些患有慢性病的患者设计一套新的药物治疗管理方案。

M: It helps patients manage their medications more effectively.

它能帮助患者更有效地管理自己的用药。

F: That sounds interesting.

听起来很有意思。

M: We review all of their medications, and make sure that they're taking them as prescribed.

我们会检查他们所有的药物，确保他们按医嘱服用。

M: We also look for any potential drug interactions.

我们还会排查任何潜在的药物相互作用。

M: Patient response has so far been very positive.

到目前为止患者的反馈非常积极。

M: Some have reported seeing improvements in their health, which is really rewarding to see.

有些人反映健康状况有所改善，看到这些真的很有成就感。

F: That's great to hear.

听到这个真好。

F: Do you use text message reminders?

你们会用短信提醒吗？

M: Yes, absolutely.

是的，当然会。

F: It's a great idea.

这是个好主意。

F: Medication non-adherence is a big problem, especially for older patients.

不遵医嘱服药是个大问题，尤其是对年长的患者来说。

M: We're still in the early stages of the program, but I'm hopeful that it will make a real difference for our patients.

这套方案还处于早期阶段，但我希望它能真正给我们的患者带来改变。

Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

Question 5. What do we learn about the speakers?

Question 6. What does the woman say about an interesting case she had?

Question 7. What does the man say he has been working on?

Question 8. What is a big problem, especially for older patients, according to the woman?

In America, at least, passion is a word that often comes up on job descriptions and in interviews.

至少在美国，'热情'是招聘说明和面试中经常出现的一个词。

On the whole, passionate people are thought of in a positive light and considered likely to achieve their goals.

总体而言，充满热情的人往往被正面看待，被认为更有可能实现自己的目标。

But when it comes to predicting achievement, has the importance of passion been overstated?

但在预测成就时，热情的重要性是否被夸大了呢？

According to a new study from Stanford University, passion may be less important in certain cultures.

根据斯坦福大学的一项新研究，在某些文化中，热情或许没那么重要。

And the fact that passion is often seen as a key to achievement may reflect a distinctly Western model of motivation.

而热情常被视为成功关键这一现象，可能反映的是一种典型的西方式动机模式。

The chief factor explored in the study was how individualistic a society was.

这项研究探讨的主要因素是一个社会的个人主义程度。

In individualistic cultures, the researchers assert, people are more motivated by pursuing paths related to their passions.

研究者指出，在个人主义文化中，人们更倾向于因追求与自身热情相关的道路而受到激励。

But those in collectivistic cultures are more likely to see themselves as part of a network.

而集体主义文化中的人则更倾向于把自己看作某个关系网络的一部分。

They often place fulfilling obligations to others above focusing on their own interests.

他们常常把履行对他人的义务置于关注自身兴趣之上。

The researchers looked at data from nearly 60 countries.

研究者分析了来自近六十个国家的数据。

They found that, in science subjects, passion was positively correlated with academic achievements.

他们发现，在理科科目中，热情与学业成绩呈正相关。

Higher levels of enjoyment and interest also bolstered test scores.

更高的乐趣和兴趣水平也能提升考试成绩。

But the strength of this correlation wasn't the same across cultures.

但这种相关性的强弱在不同文化中并不相同。

Those in individualistic societies, such as the US, Australia, and the UK, showed a stronger link between passion and achievement.

在美国、澳大利亚和英国等个人主义社会中，热情与成就之间的关联更强。

The effect of passion on performance was more subtle for those in more collectivistic societies such as Colombia or Thailand.

对于哥伦比亚或泰国等更具集体主义色彩的社会，激情对成绩的影响则更为微妙。

These findings were mirrored in achievement in both mathematics and reading.

这些发现在数学和阅读的成绩中同样得到了印证。

It's clear from the findings that passion isn't the only thing that motivates people to achieve their goals.

从这些发现可以清楚地看出，热情并不是激励人们实现目标的唯一因素。

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.

Question 9. What are passionate people considered likely to do in America?

Question 10. What does a new study from Stanford show about the importance of passion in predicting achievement?

Question 11. What did the researchers find about the effect of passion on academic achievement for those in more collectivistic societies?

Why does nature create patterns?

大自然为什么会创造出各种图案？

The reason patterns often appear in nature is simple.

图案之所以常出现在自然界，原因其实很简单。

The same basic physical or chemical processes occur in many patterned substances and organisms as they form.

许多带有图案的物质和生物在形成时，都经历着相同的基本物理或化学过程。

Whether in plants and animals or rocks, foams, and ice crystals, the intricate patterns that happen in nature come down to what's happening at the level of atoms and molecules.

无论是在动植物身上，还是在岩石、泡沫和冰晶中，自然界中出现的这些精巧图案，归根结底都取决于原子和分子层面所发生的变化。

A pattern in nature is any regularly repeated arrangement of shapes or colors.

自然界中的图案，指的是任何有规律地重复排列的形状或颜色。

Some of the most striking examples include the six-sided arrays of rocks at Giant's Causeway in the United Kingdom and the colorful stripes and spots on tropical fish.

一些最引人注目的例子包括英国巨人堤道上六边形排列的岩石，以及热带鱼身上彩色的条纹和斑点。

Patterns like these begin to form at a small scale when materials undergo processes like drying, freezing, wrinkling, diffusing, and reacting.

当物质经历干燥、冷冻、起皱、扩散和反应等过程时，这类图案便开始在微观尺度上形成。

These changes then give rise to complex patterns at a larger scale that people can see.

这些变化随后在更大的、人们肉眼可见的尺度上形成复杂的图案。

Imagine delicate frozen crystals on a window during winter.

想象一下冬天窗户上那些精致的冰晶。

What creates that pattern?

是什么造就了那样的图案呢？

When water freezes, its molecules begin clustering together.

水结冰时，它的分子开始聚集成团。

Water molecules have a particular bent shape that causes them to stack into clusters as they freeze.

水分子具有一种特殊的弯曲形状，这使它们在结冰时会堆叠成团簇。

As the cluster grows, many outside factors, including humidity and temperature, begin to affect its overall shape.

随着团簇不断增大，包括湿度和温度在内的许多外部因素开始影响它的整体形状。

If the water is freezing on a window, for example, random imperfections on the glass surface affect the stacking and create the larger pattern.

举例来说，如果水是在窗户上结冰，玻璃表面随机的瑕疵就会影响分子的堆叠方式，从而形成更大的图案。

But scientists do not always know the purpose of a pattern, or even if there is one.

但科学家并不总是知道某种图案的用途，甚至不确定它是否真有用途。

The molecular processes involved are simple enough that they might generate a pattern by coincidence.

其中涉及的分子过程足够简单，因此它们有可能只是偶然生成了某种图案。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.

Question 12. What does the passage say is a pattern in nature?

Question 13. What gives rise to complex patterns at a larger scale?

Question 14. What does the example of frozen crystals on a window show?

Question 15. What might molecular processes produce, according to the passage?

Many people, myself included, have multiple areas of life they would like to improve.

很多人，包括我自己在内，都有生活中多个想要改善的方面。

For example, I would like to reach more people with my writing, to lift heavier weights at the gym, and to start practicing mindfulness more consistently.

比如，我希望自己的写作能触及更多的人，希望在健身房举起更重的重量，也希望能更持续地练习正念。

Those are just a few of the goals I find desirable, and you probably have a long list yourself.

这些只是我想要实现的几个目标，而你自己大概也有长长的一串。

The problem is, even if we are committed to working hard on our goals, our natural tendency is to return to our old habits at some point.

问题在于，即便我们下定决心为目标努力，我们的天性还是会在某个时刻让我们回到旧习惯。

Making a permanent lifestyle change is really difficult.

要做出一次持久的生活方式改变真的很难。

Recently, I've come across a few studies that will make these difficult lifestyle changes a bit easier.

最近，我读到了几项研究，它们能让这些艰难的生活方式改变变得容易一些。

As you'll see, however, the approach to mastering many areas of life is somewhat counter-intuitive.

不过，正如你将看到的，掌控生活中诸多方面的方法有些违反直觉。

Research has shown that you are two to three times more likely to stick with your habits if you make a specific plan for when, where and how you will perform the behaviour.

研究表明，如果你为自己何时、何地以及如何执行某个行为制定了具体计划，那么你坚持这一习惯的可能性会提高两到三倍。

For example, in one study, scientists asked people to fill out a sentence to specify during the next week they would do at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise on which day, at what time of day, and at or in what place.

例如，在一项研究中，科学家让人们填写一个句子，具体写明在接下来的一周里，他们会在哪一天、一天中的什么时间、在什么地点进行至少二十分钟的剧烈运动。

Researchers found that people who filled out this sentence were two to three times more likely to actually exercise compared to a control group who did not make plans for their future behaviour.

研究者发现，与没有为未来行为制定计划的对照组相比，填写了这个句子的人真正去运动的可能性要高出两到三倍。

Psychologists call these specific plans implementation intentions, because they state when, where and how you intend to implement a particular behaviour.

心理学家把这些具体的计划称为'执行意图'，因为它们说明了你打算在何时、何地以及如何执行某个特定行为。

However, follow-up research has discovered implementation intentions only work when you focus on one thing at a time.

然而，后续研究发现，只有当你一次专注于一件事时，执行意图才会奏效。

In fact, researchers found that people who tried to accomplish multiple goals were less committed and less likely to succeed than those who focused on a single goal.

事实上，研究者发现，与专注于单一目标的人相比，试图同时实现多个目标的人投入程度更低，成功的可能性也更小。

Another science-based reason to focus on one thing at a time is that when you begin practising a new habit, it requires a lot of conscious effort to remember to do it.

一次只专注一件事还有另一个基于科学的理由：当你开始培养一个新习惯时，需要付出大量有意识的努力才能记得去做。

After a while, however, the pattern of behaviour becomes easier.

但过了一段时间，这种行为模式就会变得轻松起来。

Eventually, your new habit becomes a normal routine and the process is more or less mindless and automatic.

最终，你的新习惯会变成一种日常惯例，整个过程或多或少变得无需思考、自动完成。

The most important thing to note is that there is some tipping point at which new habits become more or less automatic.

最需要注意的是，存在某个临界点，一旦越过，新习惯就会或多或少地变得自动化。

The time it takes to build a habit depends on many factors, including how difficult the habit is, your genetics and more.

养成一个习惯所需的时间取决于许多因素，包括这个习惯的难度、你的基因等等。

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the lecture you have just heard.

Question 16. What does the speaker say is really difficult?

Question 17. What did researchers find about people with implementation intentions?

Question 18. According to the speaker, what is required of you when you begin practicing a new habit?

It was a lazy, hazy, crazy day on the dwarf planet Pluto when New Horizons, a spacecraft from Earth, flew by at a speed of 31,000 miles per hour two years ago.

两年前，当来自地球的'新视野号'探测器以每小时三万一千英里的速度飞掠矮行星冥王星时，那是冥王星上慵懒、朦胧而又疯狂的一天。

The spacecraft took a bunch of photos, made some quick measurements of Pluto's atmosphere and sent them all back here, giving planetary scientists their first up-close look of the distant dwarf planet.

这艘探测器拍下了一批照片，对冥王星的大气进行了一些快速测量，并把这些数据全部传回地球，让行星科学家第一次近距离观察到这颗遥远的矮行星。

One of the more bizarre things they found was that the haze in Pluto's atmosphere was much thicker than previously thought.

他们发现的较为离奇的现象之一，是冥王星大气中的雾霾比先前所认为的要浓厚得多。

The planet also had an atmosphere much cooler than earlier estimates, topping out at minus 333.4 degrees Fahrenheit.

这颗星球的大气也比早先估计的要冷得多，最高温度仅为零下333.4华氏度。

Now a study published in Nature links those two atmospheric observations.

如今，一项发表在《自然》杂志上的研究把这两项大气观测结果联系了起来。

A computer model developed by planetary scientist Xi Zang and colleagues shows the haze of tiny droplets in the upper atmosphere is likely scattering light from the sun, preventing heat from reaching the planet below.

由行星科学家张希及其同事建立的计算机模型显示，高层大气中由微小液滴组成的雾霾很可能正在散射来自太阳的光线，阻止热量抵达下方的星球表面。

We see hazy skies on Earth too from time to time, whenever solid particles get suspended in the air, from water-based fogs to ash from fires to the toxic droplets that make up a thick smog.

我们在地球上也时常会看到雾蒙蒙的天空，只要有固体颗粒悬浮在空气中就会如此，从水汽形成的雾，到火灾产生的灰烬，再到构成浓重雾霾的有毒液滴，都是这样。

But on Earth the overall temperature of the planet is dominated by the distribution of gases in our atmosphere.

但在地球上，整个星球的温度主要由大气中气体的分布所决定。

On Pluto, the authors suggest, haze might be more influential.

而在冥王星上，作者们认为，雾霾的影响可能更大。

Particles can reflect light from the sun here on Earth.

在地球上，颗粒物能够反射来自太阳的光线。

It happens after volcanoes erupt, emitting clouds of particles that reflect the sun's rays into the atmosphere.

这种情况会在火山喷发后发生，火山喷出的颗粒云会把太阳光反射回大气层中。

Some people even propose imitating this phenomenon to alleviate the effects of climate change.

有些人甚至提议模仿这一现象来缓解气候变化的影响。

But our planet isn't dominated by that process, or at least it hasn't been for a few billion years.

但我们这颗星球并不受那种过程主导，或者至少几十亿年来一直不是。

If Pluto's atmosphere is very different from ours, and from that of other nearby planets, it could help scientists expand their understanding of planetary atmospheres.

如果冥王星的大气与我们的以及附近其他行星的大气差别很大，那么它有助于科学家拓展对行星大气的理解。

But right now this is just a good guess, based on data from New Horizons and a sophisticated computer model, not direct observations of the haze's composition.

但目前这只是一个不错的猜测，它基于'新视野号'的数据和一个复杂的计算机模型，而非对雾霾成分的直接观测。

There are other theories floating around to explain Pluto's cool temperatures, including blaming the cold air on gases in the atmosphere.

还有其他一些理论在试图解释冥王星的低温，包括把寒冷的空气归因于大气中的气体。

Luckily, the authors will get a chance to test their notions when the James Webb Space Telescope launches later.

幸运的是，等到詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜日后发射时，作者们将有机会检验他们的设想。

That observatory can detect different spectrums of light, which the hazy Plutonian atmosphere would be positively glowing with, as it's scattered sunlight.

那台天文台能探测不同波段的光谱，朦胧的冥王星大气因散射阳光会在这些光谱中明显发亮。

The researchers just have to wait and see if the light from the telescope validates their bright idea.

研究者们只需拭目以待，看看望远镜接收到的光是否会证实他们这个绝妙的想法。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the lecture you have just heard.

Question 19. What was one of the more bizarre findings about Pluto's atmosphere?

Question 20. What is said to determine the overall temperature on Earth?

Question 21. What does the speaker say the researchers have to wait and see?

Parents have a small window where they can influence their 8-10 year old children's music taste, researchers have concluded.

研究人员得出结论，父母有一个短暂的时间窗口，可以影响8到10岁孩子的音乐品味。

The 24-month time frame comes at an age when youngsters are old enough to appreciate poetic lyrics and snappy tunes, but have not yet started to be embarrassed by their mother and father's preferences.

这个为期24个月的时间段所处的年龄，孩子们已经大到能够欣赏优美的歌词和明快的旋律，却还没有开始因为父母的喜好而感到难为情。

Dr. Hawke Eggerman, a lecturer in music at the University of York, carried out a literature review into more than a dozen studies looking at parental musical influence.

约克大学的音乐讲师 Hawke Eggerman 博士对十几项探讨父母音乐影响力的研究进行了文献综述。

Children have an openness to new music, and this means parents have an important role to play in developing the musical preferences of their kids, he said.

他说，孩子们对新音乐持开放态度，这意味着父母在培养孩子的音乐偏好方面发挥着重要作用。

However, time is of the essence, as parental influence is most likely to be effective during the critical time period before age 10.

然而，时机至关重要，因为父母的影响最有可能在孩子10岁之前这一关键时期发挥作用。

During adolescence, children tend to gravitate away from their parents' choices and are more influenced by their peers.

进入青春期后，孩子们往往会逐渐偏离父母的选择，转而更多地受到同龄人的影响。

A separate survey of 2,000 British parents by music streaming service, Deezer, also found that nearly four-fifths of parents agreed that their children were far more receptive to their musical suggestions before the age of 10.

音乐流媒体服务 Deezer 针对2000名英国父母开展的另一项调查也发现，近五分之四的父母认为，孩子在10岁之前对他们的音乐推荐要容易接受得多。

In contrast, just 10% of parents reported positive reactions from their teenage children when they shared their favourite music.

相比之下，只有10%的父母表示，当他们与十几岁的孩子分享自己喜欢的音乐时，得到了积极的反应。

Some 79% of fathers said they had tried to influence their children's music, but just 69% of mothers.

约有79%的父亲表示曾试图影响孩子的音乐品味，而母亲这一比例仅为69%。

However, mothers were more effective, with 38% reporting that their kids loved the tunes they shared, compared to 30% of dads who in some cases said their children cried or even fell asleep.

不过，母亲的效果更好，有38%的母亲表示孩子喜欢她们分享的曲子，而父亲这一比例为30%，有些父亲甚至说孩子听了会哭，或者干脆睡着了。

Dr. Eggerman claims introducing children to a variety of musical styles is the key to fostering good taste in later life.

Eggerman 博士认为，让孩子接触多种音乐风格，是日后培养良好音乐品味的关键。

By playing children a variety of genres before this critical period, research on familiarization suggests they will enjoy lots of different types of music as adults he added.

他补充说，有关熟悉度的研究表明，在这一关键时期之前给孩子播放各种类型的音乐，他们成年后就会喜欢许多不同类型的音乐。

The benefits of having a wider taste in music include the ability to manage their emotions more effectively, socialise and bond with others more easily, and to have a better understanding of other cultures as well.

拥有更广泛音乐品味的好处包括：能更有效地管理自己的情绪，更容易与他人交往和建立情感联系，以及对其他文化也有更深的理解。

Dr. Eggerman advises parents not to push their favourite music too hard on their children, but instead play it as background music while a child is playing.

Eggerman 博士建议父母不要过于强硬地把自己喜欢的音乐塞给孩子，而应在孩子玩耍时把它作为背景音乐播放。

They can also help create positive memories about artists and bands by going to concerts and live music events together.

他们还可以通过一起去听音乐会和现场演出，帮助孩子建立起对歌手和乐队的美好记忆。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the lecture you have just heard.

Question 22. What do we learn from the researchers' conclusion at the beginning of the talk?

Question 23. What does Dr. Hawke Eggerman say about adolescence?

Question 24. What is the key to fostering good taste in later life, according to Dr. Hawke Eggerman?

Question 25. How can parents help children create positive memories about artists and bands?