2016年12月四级第1套听力原文及答案解析

On Sunday, the castle's owner, John Gordon, 76, was forced to move out of his property after the River Dee swept away about 60 feet of land, leaving the castle dangerously close to the river, according to the Scottish Daily Record.

周日，城堡的所有者、76岁的约翰·戈登在迪伊河冲走了约60英尺的土地后，被迫搬离了他的房产，使城堡危险地靠近河流，据《苏格兰每日纪事报》报道。

Abergeldie Castle, located in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, was built by Sir Alexander Gordon of Midmar, who later became the Earl of Huntley.

阿伯盖尔迪城堡位于苏格兰阿伯丁郡，由亚历山大·戈登爵士建造，他后来成为亨特利伯爵。

The castle, which is located on 11,700 acres, was leased to members of the royal family between 1848 and 1970, including King Edward VII and George V.

这座城堡占地11,700英亩，在1848年至1970年间租赁给王室成员，包括国王爱德华七世和乔治五世。

The Scottish Environment Protection Agency has issued more than 35 flood warnings covering several regions as Scotland continues to clean up after Storm Frank hit the country last Wednesday.

苏格兰环境保护局已发布超过35个洪水预警，覆盖多个地区，因为苏格兰在上周三风暴弗兰克袭击该国后继续进行清理工作。

This means that rivers will rise more slowly, but then stay high for much longer, the Environmental Agency said.

环境署表示，这意味着河流上涨速度会更慢，但然后会保持高位更长时间。

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题1和问题2基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 1. Why did John Gordon move out of Abergeldie Castle?

问题1. 约翰·戈登为什么搬出阿伯盖尔迪城堡？

Question 2. What happened in Scotland last Wednesday?

问题2. 上周三在苏格兰发生了什么？

News Report 2.

新闻报道2.

Rescue efforts were underway Thursday morning for 17 miners who were stuck in an elevator below ground at Cargill Rock salt mine near Lansing, New York, according to Marcia Lynch, public information officer with Tompkins County's Emergency Response Department.

据汤普金斯县应急响应部门公共信息官员玛西娅·林奇称，周四上午，救援工作正在紧张进行中，17名矿工被困在纽约州兰辛附近的嘉吉岩盐矿的地下电梯中。

Emergency workers have made contact with the miners via a radio, and they all appear to be uninjured, said Jessica Verfuss, the emergency department's assistant director.

应急部门助理主任杰西卡·弗夫斯表示，救援人员已通过无线电与矿工取得联系，所有人似乎都未受伤。

Crews have managed to provide heat packs and blankets to the miners so that they can keep warm during the rescue operation, Verfuss said.

弗夫斯称，救援队已设法为矿工提供了热敷包和毯子，以便他们在救援行动中保持温暖。

Details about what led to the workers being trapped in the elevator weren't immediately available.

导致工人被困电梯的具体细节尚未立即公布。

The mine, along New York's Cayuga Lake, processes salt used for road treatment.

该矿位于纽约州卡尤加湖沿岸，生产用于道路处理的盐。

It produces about 2 million tons of salt that is shipped to more than 1,500 places in the northeastern United States.

它年产约200万吨盐，运往美国东北部的1500多个地方。

The rock salt mine is one of three operated by Cargill, with the other two in Louisiana and Ohio.

该岩盐矿是嘉吉公司运营的三座矿山之一，另外两座位于路易斯安那州和俄亥俄州。

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题3和4基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 3. What does the news report say about the salt miners?

问题3. 新闻报道中关于盐矿工人说了什么？

Question 4. What did the rescue team do?

问题4. 救援队做了什么？

News Report 3.

新闻报道3。

The U.

美国

S.

国

Postal Service announced today that it is considering closing about 3,700 post offices over the next year because of falling revenues.

邮政服务今天宣布，由于收入下降，它正考虑在未来一年内关闭大约3,700个邮局。

Facing an $8.

面临一个8.

3 billion budget deficit this year, closing post offices is one of several proposals the Postal Service has put forth recently to cut costs.

3十亿预算赤字今年，关闭邮局是邮政服务最近为削减成本提出的几项提议之一。

Last week, for example, Postmaster General Pat Donahoe announced plans to stop mail delivery on Saturdays.

例如，上周邮政署长帕特·多纳霍宣布了停止周六邮件投递的计划。

A move, he says, could save $3 billion annually.

他说，这一举措每年可节省30亿美元。

We are losing revenue as we speak, Donahoe said.

多纳霍说，我们正在说话的同时失去收入。

We do not want taxpayer money.

我们不想使用纳税人的钱。

We want to be self-sufficient.

我们想自给自足。

So like any other business, you have to make choices.

所以像任何其他企业一样，你必须做出选择。

Dean Granholm, the Vice President for Delivery and Post Office Operations, said the first wave of closings would begin this fall.

递送和邮局运营副总裁迪恩·格兰霍姆说，第一波关闭将于今年秋天开始。

He estimated that about 3,000 postmasters, 500 station managers, and between 500 and 1,000 postal clerks could lose their jobs.

他估计大约3,000名邮政局长、500名站长和500到1,000名邮政职员可能会失去工作。

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题5到7基于你刚才听到的新闻报道。

Question 5. What is the U. S. Postal Service planning to do?

问题5。美国邮政服务计划做什么？

Question 6. What measure has been planned to save costs?

问题6。计划了什么措施来节省成本？

Question 7. What will happen when the proposed measure comes into effect?

问题7。当提议的措施生效时会发生什么？

Conversation 1.

对话1。

M: Mrs.

夫人。

M: Hampton, we've got trouble in the press room this morning.

汉普顿，今天早上印刷车间出了点问题。

F: Oh dear, what about?

哦，天哪，什么问题？

M: One of the press operators arrived an hour and a half late.

一名印刷操作员迟到了一个半小时。

F: But that's a straightforward affair.

但这是个简单的事情。

F: He'll simply lose part of his pay.

他只会损失部分工资。

F: That's why we have a clock-in system.

这就是我们有打卡系统的原因。

M: But the point is, the man was clocked in at 8 o'clock.

但关键是，那个人在8点打了卡。

M: We have John standing by the time clock, and he swears he saw nothing irregular.

我们有约翰守在打卡钟旁，他发誓说没看到任何异常。

F: Is John reliable?

约翰可靠吗？

M: Yes, he is.

是的，他可靠。

M: That's why we chose him for the job.

这就是我们选择他做这份工作的原因。

F: Have you spoken to the man who was late?

你和那个迟到的人谈过了吗？

M: Not yet.

还没有。

M: I thought I'd have a word with you first.

我想先和你谈谈。

M: He's a difficult man, and I think there's been some trouble on the shop floor.

他是个难缠的人，而且我认为车间里出了一些麻烦。

M: I've got a feeling that a trade union representative is behind this.

我有种感觉，是工会代表在背后搞鬼。

M: The manager told me that Jack Green's been very active around the shop the last few days.

经理告诉我，杰克·格林最近几天在车间里非常活跃。

F: Well, what do you want me to do?

那么，你想让我做什么？

M: I was wondering if you'd see Smith, the man who was late, because you're so much better at handling things like this.

我在想你是否能见见史密斯，那个迟到的人，因为你更擅长处理这类事情。

F: Oh, all right, I'll see him.

哦，好吧，我会见他。

F: I must say I agree with you about there being bad feelings in the works.

我必须说，我同意你关于工厂里有不良情绪的看法。

F: I've had the idea for some time that Jack Green's been busy stirring things up in connection with the latest wage claim.

我有一段时间以来一直认为，杰克·格林一直在为最近的工资要求煽动事端。

F: He's always trying to make trouble.

他总是想制造麻烦。

F: Well, I'll get the manager to send Smith up here.

好的，我会让经理把史密斯送到这里来。

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题8到11基于你刚才听到的对话。

Question 8. What will happen to the press operator who was late for work, according to the woman?

问题8. 根据女士的说法，那个迟到的印刷操作员会怎样？

Question 9. What does the man say about John, who stands by the time clock?

问题9. 男士对守在打卡钟旁的约翰说了什么？

Question 10. Why does the man suggest the woman see the worker who was late?

问题10. 为什么男士建议女士见那个迟到的工人？

Question 11. What does the woman say about Jack Green?

问题11. 女士对杰克·格林说了什么？

Conversation 2.

对话2。

F: Our topic today is about something that foreigners nearly always say when they visit Britain.

我们今天的主题是关于外国人访问英国时几乎总会提到的事情。

F: It's, why are the British so cold?

那就是，为什么英国人这么冷漠？

F: And they're talking about the British personality.

而他们谈论的是英国人的性格。

F: The famous British reserve.

著名的英国人矜持。

F: It means that we aren't very friendly.

这意味着我们不太友好。

F: We aren't very open.

我们不太开放。

F: So, do you think it's true?

那么，你认为这是真的吗？

M: It's a difficult one.

这是一个难题。

M: So many people who visit Britain say it's difficult to make friends with British people.

很多访问英国的人说，与英国人交朋友很困难。

M: They say we're cold, reserved, unfriendly.

他们说我们冷漠、矜持、不友好。

M: I think it's true.

我认为这是真的。

M: Look at Americans or Australians.

看看美国人或澳大利亚人。

M: They speak the same language, but they're much more open.

他们说同一种语言，但他们开放得多。

M: And you see it when you travel.

而当你旅行时，你会看到这一点。

M: People, I mean strangers, speak to you on the street or on the train.

人们，我指的是陌生人，会在街上或火车上与你交谈。

M: British people seldom speak on the train or the bus.

英国人很少在火车或公共汽车上说话。

F: Not in London, anyway.

至少在伦敦不是这样。

M: Not in London.

在伦敦不是这样。

M: That's it.

就是这样。

F: That's it.

就是这样。

M: Capital cities are full of tourists and are never friendly.

首都城市充满游客，从来都不友好。

F: People are different in other parts of the country.

在国家的其他地区，人们是不同的。

M: Not completely.

不完全是。

M: I met a woman once, an Italian.

我曾经遇到一位女士，一位意大利人。

M: She'd been working in Manchester for two years, and no one, not one of her colleagues, had ever invited her to their home.

她在曼彻斯特工作了两年，没有人，一个同事也没有，曾邀请她去他们家。

M: They were friendly to her at work, but nothing else.

他们在工作中对她友好，但仅此而已。

M: She couldn't believe it.

她无法相信。

M: She said that would never happen in Italy.

她说这在意大利永远不会发生。

F: You know what they say.

你知道人们怎么说。

F: An Englishman's home is his castle.

英国人的家是他的城堡。

F: It's really difficult to get inside.

真的很难进入。

M: Yeah.

是啊。

M: It's about being private.

这是关于保持隐私。

M: You go home to your house and your garden, and you close the door.

你回到你的房子和花园，然后关上门。

M: It's your place.

这是你的地方。

M: That's why the British don't like flats.

这就是为什么英国人不喜欢公寓。

M: They prefer to live in houses.

他们更喜欢住在房子里。

F: That's true.

确实如此。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题12至15基于你刚才听到的对话。

Question 12. What do foreigners generally think of British people, according to the woman?

问题12。根据这位女士的说法，外国人通常如何看待英国人？

Question 13. What may British people typically do on a train, according to the man?

问题13。根据这位男士的说法，英国人通常在火车上做什么？

Question 14. What does the man say about the Italian woman working in Manchester?

问题14。这位男士对在曼彻斯特工作的意大利女士说了什么？

Question 15. Why do British people prefer houses to flats?

问题15。为什么英国人更喜欢房子而不是公寓？

Passage 1.

段落1.

In college, time is scarce and consequently very precious.

在大学里，时间稀缺，因此非常宝贵。

At the same time, expenses in college pile up surprisingly quickly.

与此同时，大学里的开支堆积得惊人地快。

A part-time job is a good way to balance costs, while ensuring there's enough time left over for both academic subjects and after-class activities.

兼职工作是平衡开支的好方法，同时确保有足够的时间用于学术科目和课外活动。

If you're a college student looking for a part-time job, the best place to start your job search is right on campus.

如果你是一名正在寻找兼职工作的大学生，开始找工作的最佳地点就在校园内。

There are tons of on-campus job opportunities, and as a student, you will automatically be given hiring priority.

校园内有大量的工作机会，作为学生，你会自动获得招聘优先权。

Plus, on-campus jobs eliminate commuting time and can be a great way to connect with academic and professional resources at your university.

此外，校园工作消除了通勤时间，并且是连接大学学术和专业资源的好方式。

Check with your school's careers service or employment office for help to find a campus job.

向你学校的职业服务或就业办公室咨询，以帮助找到校园工作。

Of course, there are opportunities for part-time work off-campus too.

当然，校外也有兼职工作的机会。

If you spend a little time digging for the right part-time jobs, you'll save yourself time when you find a job that leaves you with enough time to get your schoolwork done too.

如果你花一点时间寻找合适的兼职工作，当你找到一份能让你有足够时间完成学业的工作时，你会节省时间。

If you're a college student looking for work, but worried you won't have enough time to devote to academic subjects, consider working as a study hall or library monitor.

如果你是一名正在找工作但担心没有足够时间投入学术科目的大学生，考虑担任自习室或图书馆监督员。

Responsibilities generally include supervising study spaces to ensure that a quiet atmosphere is maintained.

职责通常包括监督学习空间，以确保保持安静的环境。

It's a pretty easy job, but one with lots of downtime, which means you'll have plenty of time to catch up on reading, do homework or study for an exam.

这是一份相当轻松的工作，但有很多空闲时间，这意味着你有足够的时间来补阅读、做作业或为考试学习。

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题16到18基于你刚刚听到的段落。

Question 16. What does the speaker say about college students applying for on-campus jobs?

问题16. 关于大学生申请校园工作，说话者说了什么？

Question 17. What can students do to find a campus job, according to the speaker?

问题17. 根据说话者，学生可以做些什么来找到校园工作？

Question 18. What does the speaker say is a library monitor's responsibility?

问题18. 说话者说图书馆监督员的职责是什么？

Passage 2.

第二段。

Agriculture workers in green tea fields near Mount Kenya are gathering the tea leaves.

肯尼亚山附近绿茶田里的农业工人正在采摘茶叶。

It is beautiful to see.

景色很美。

The rows of tea bushes are straight.

一排排茶树笔直排列。

All appears to be well, but the farmers who planted the bushes are worried.

一切看似良好，但种植这些茶树的农民却忧心忡忡。

Nelson Kibara is one of them.

纳尔逊·基巴拉就是其中之一。

He has been growing tea in the Karugoya area for 40 years.

他在卡鲁戈亚地区种茶已有40年。

He says the prices this year have been so low that he has made almost no profit.

他说今年的价格如此之低，他几乎没有获得任何利润。

He says he must grow different kinds of tea if he is to survive.

他说如果要生存下去，就必须种植不同种类的茶。

Mr.

先生。

Kibara and hundreds of other farmers have been removing some of their tea bushes and planting a new kind of tea developed by the Tea Research Foundation of Kenya.

基巴拉和数百名其他农民一直在移除一些茶树，并种植由肯尼亚茶叶研究基金会开发的新品种茶。

Its leaves are purple and brown.

它的叶子是紫色和棕色的。

When the tea is boiled, the drink has a purple color.

当茶煮沸时，饮料呈紫色。

Medical researchers have studied the health benefits of the new tea.

医学研究人员已经研究了这种新茶的健康益处。

They say it is healthier than green tea and could be sold for a price that is three to four times higher than the price of green tea.

他们说它比绿茶更健康，而且售价可能是绿茶价格的三到四倍。

But Mr.

但是先生。

Kibara says he has not received a higher price for his purple tea crop.

基巴拉说他并没有因为种植紫茶而获得更高的价格。

He says the market for the tea is unstable, and he is often forced to sell his purple tea for the same price as green tea leaves.

他说紫茶市场不稳定，他常常被迫以与绿茶相同的价格出售紫茶。

He says there are not enough buyers willing to pay more for the purple tea.

他说愿意为紫茶支付更高价格的买家不足。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题19到21基于你刚才听到的段落。

Question 19. Why have tea farmers in Kenya decided to grow purple tea?

问题19. 肯尼亚的茶农为什么决定种植紫茶？

Question 20. What do researchers say about purple tea?

问题20. 研究人员对紫茶有什么看法？

Question 21. What has Mr. Kibara found about purple tea?

问题21. 基巴拉先生对紫茶有什么发现？

Passage 3.

段落3。

Today's consumers want beautiful handcrafted objects to wear and to have for their home environment.

今天的消费者想要美丽的手工艺品来佩戴，并用于家居环境。

They prefer something unique, and they demand quality.

他们更喜欢独特的东西，并要求质量。

Craftsmen today are meeting this demand.

今天的工匠正在满足这一需求。

People and homes are showing great change as more and more unique handcrafted items become available.

随着越来越多的独特手工艺品上市，人们和家居环境正显示出巨大变化。

Handicrafts are big business.

手工艺品是一门大生意。

No longer does a good craftsman have to work in a job he dislikes all day and then try to create at night.

一个优秀的工匠不再需要全天从事他不喜欢的工作，然后在晚上尝试创作。

He has earned his professional status.

他已经获得了专业地位。

He is now a respected member of society.

他现在是社会受人尊敬的一员。

Part of the fun of being a craftsman is meeting other craftsmen.

作为工匠的乐趣之一是结识其他工匠。

They love to share their ideas and materials and help others find markets for their work.

他们喜欢分享自己的想法和材料，并帮助他人找到作品的市场。

Craftsmen have helped educate consumers to make wise choices.

工匠们帮助教育消费者做出明智的选择。

They help them become aware of design and technique.

他们帮助消费者意识到设计和技巧。

They help them relate their choice to its intended use.

他们帮助消费者将选择与其预期用途联系起来。

They often involve consumers in trying the craft themselves.

他们经常让消费者亲自尝试这种工艺。

When a group of craftsmen expands to include more members, a small craft organisation is formed.

当一群工匠扩大以包含更多成员时，就形成了一个小型手工艺组织。

Such an organisation does a lot in training workshops in special media, crafts marketing techniques, crafts fairs and sales, festivals, TV appearances and demonstrations.

这样的组织在特殊媒体培训工作坊、手工艺品营销技巧、手工艺品展销会、节日、电视露面和演示方面做了很多工作。

State art councils help sponsor local arts and crafts festivals which draw crowds of tourist consumers.

州艺术委员会帮助赞助吸引大量旅游消费者的当地艺术和手工艺节日。

This boosts the local economy considerably because tourists not only buy crafts, but they also use the restaurants and hotels and other services of the area.

这大大促进了当地经济，因为游客不仅购买手工艺品，还使用该地区的餐厅、酒店和其他服务。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题22至25基于你刚才听到的段落。

Question 22. What does the speaker say about today's consumers?

问题22. 讲话者对今天的消费者说了什么？

Question 23. What does the speaker say about good craftsmen in the past?

问题23. 讲话者对过去的优秀工匠说了什么？

Question 24. What do craftsmen help consumers do?

问题24. 工匠们帮助消费者做什么？

Question 25. Why do state art councils help sponsor local arts and crafts festivals?

问题25. 为什么州艺术委员会帮助赞助当地艺术和手工艺节日？