2016年12月四级第1套仔细阅读 Passage 1 原文翻译及答案解析

As a person who writes about food and drink for a living, I couldn't tell you the first thing about Bill Perry or whether the beers he sells are that great. But I can tell you that I like this guy. That's because he plans to ban tipping in favor of paying his servers an actual living wage.

作为一个以撰写食品和饮料为生的人，我无法告诉你关于Bill Perry的任何事情，或者他卖的啤酒是否那么出色。但我可以告诉你，我喜欢这个家伙。因为他计划取消小费制度，转而支付服务员实际的生活工资。

I hate tipping.

我讨厌小费。

I hate it because it's an obligation disguised as an option. I hate it for the post-dinner math it requires of me. But mostly, I hate tipping because I believe I would be in a better place if pay decisions regarding employees were simply left up to their employers, as is the custom in virtually every other industry.

我讨厌它，因为它是一种伪装成选择的义务。我讨厌它，因为它需要我做餐后计算。但最主要的是，我讨厌小费，因为我相信如果员工的工资决定权完全交给雇主，我会处于更好的境地，就像几乎所有其他行业的惯例一样。

Most of you probably think that you hate tipping, too. Research suggests otherwise. You actually love tipping! You like to feel that you have a voice in how much money your server makes. No matter how the math works out, you persistently view restaurants with voluntary tipping systems as being a better value, which makes it extremely difficult for restaurants and bars to do away with the tipping system.

你们大多数人可能也认为自己讨厌小费。研究却表明相反。你们实际上喜欢小费！你们喜欢感觉自己在服务员赚多少钱上有发言权。无论计算结果如何，你们总是认为有自愿小费系统的餐厅更物有所值，这使得餐厅和酒吧很难废除小费系统。

One argument that you tend to hear a lot from the pro-tipping crowd seems logical enough: the service is better when waiters depend on tips, presumably because they see a benefit to successfully veiling their contempt for you. Well, if this were true, we would all be slipping a few 100-dollar bills to our doctors on the way out their doors, too. But as it turns out, waiters see only a tiny bump in tips when they do an exceptional job compared to a passable one. Waiters, keen observers of humanity that they are, are catching on to this; in one poll, a full 30% said they didn't believe the job they did had any impact on the tips they received.

你经常从支持小费的人群中听到的一个论点似乎足够合乎逻辑：当服务员依赖小费时，服务更好，大概是因为他们认为成功掩盖对你的蔑视有好处。好吧，如果这是真的，我们也应该在离开医生时塞几张100美元钞票。但事实证明，当服务员做得出色与过得去相比，小费只有微小的增长。服务员作为人性的敏锐观察者，正在意识到这一点；在一项调查中，整整30%的人表示他们不相信所做的工作对收到的小费有任何影响。

So come on, folks: get on board with ditching the outdated tip system. Pay a little more up-front for your beer or burger. Support Bill Perry's pub, and any other bar or restaurant that doesn't ask you to do drunken math.

所以，来吧，朋友们：加入废弃过时小费系统的行列。为你的啤酒或汉堡多付一点预付款。支持Bill Perry的酒吧，以及任何其他不要求你做醉酒计算的酒吧或餐厅。