2018年12月四级第1套听力原文及答案解析

News Report 1.

新闻报道1。

A device that weighs less than 1 kg is part of a mission that will allow scientists to deliver 4th generation, or 4G, mobile coverage to the moon in 2019.

一个重量不到1公斤的设备是一项任务的一部分，该任务将使科学家能够在2019年将第四代（或4G）移动网络覆盖到月球。

If successful, the tiny device will provide the moon with its first ever mobile phone network.

如果成功，这个微型设备将为月球提供首个移动电话网络。

The lunar network will support high-definition streaming of video and data between the moon and Earth.

该月球网络将支持月球与地球之间的高清视频和数据流传输。

The network is part of Mission to the Moon.

该网络是“登月任务”的一部分。

This is a project with the goal of landing the first privately paid-for mission to the moon.

这是一个旨在实现首个私人资助的登月任务的目标项目。

The 4G mission is set to launch from Cape Canaveral in the United States on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket in 2019.

4G任务计划于2019年从美国卡纳维拉尔角乘坐SpaceX猎鹰9号火箭发射。

Mission to the Moon intends to establish and test the first elements of a communications network on the moon.

登月任务旨在建立并测试月球上通信网络的首批组件。

The scientists working on the project opted to build a 4G rather than a 5th generation, or 5G, network.

该项目中的科学家选择建立4G网络，而不是第五代（或5G）网络。

This is because 5th generation networks are still in testing and trial phases.

这是因为第五代网络仍处于测试和试验阶段。

This means that a 5G network may not yet be stable enough to work on the moon's surface.

这意味着5G网络可能还不足以在月球表面稳定运行。

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题1和问题2基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 1. What are scientists planning to do?

问题1. 科学家计划做什么？

Question 2. Why did scientists choose to set up a 4G network in their mission?

问题2. 科学家为什么选择在任务中建立4G网络？

News Report 2.

新闻报道 2。

Firefighters responded to a fire Wednesday night at an abandoned mall in Haywood.

消防员周三晚上对海伍德一座废弃购物中心的火灾做出了响应。

The fire was reported at 9.

火灾报告发生在晚上9点。

26pm at an old shopping centre on Mission Avenue near St Mary's Church.

晚上9点26分，在圣玛丽教堂附近的米申大道的一家旧购物中心。

Six fire engines, two trucks and two chiefs, responded to the scene.

六辆消防车、两辆卡车和两位指挥官响应了现场。

Crews had the fire under control in about 45 minutes and managed to contain the fire to its point of origin.

消防人员在大约45分钟内控制住了火势，并成功将火灾限制在起火点。

There were some people inside the building when the fire broke out, but there were no reports of any injuries.

火灾发生时，建筑内有一些人，但没有人员受伤的报告。

Fire investigators have responded to the scene, but have not yet determined the cause of the fire.

火灾调查员已响应现场，但尚未确定火灾原因。

Firefighters will remain on the scene until later this morning to ensure that the fire doesn't start up again.

消防员将留在现场直到今天上午晚些时候，以确保火灾不会再次发生。

The shopping mall had not been in use since 2002.

该购物中心自2002年以来一直未被使用。

In 2014, City Hall developed a plan to knock down the building and replace it with affordable housing.

2014年，市政厅制定了一项计划，拆除该建筑并将其替换为经济适用房。

However, the plan was dropped due to lack of funds.

然而，由于缺乏资金，该计划被放弃了。

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题3和4基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 3. What does the news item say about the fire?

问题3. 新闻条目对火灾说了什么？

Question 4. What had City Hall planned to do?

问题4. 市政厅计划做什么？

News Report 3.

新闻报道3。

Potato chips in Japan are being sold for six times their normal price.

日本的薯片售价是正常价格的六倍。

This is after the country's main manufacturer stopped sales due to a potato shortage.

这是在该国主要制造商因马铃薯短缺而停止销售之后。

Storms and floods in its main potato-growing region last year caused the worst harvest in more than three decades.

去年在其主要马铃薯种植区发生的风暴和洪水导致了三十多年来最严重的收成。

Local media reports suggest Calbee and its main rival, Koikeya, are halting almost 50 products.

当地媒体报道称，Calbee及其主要竞争对手Koikeya正在停止近50种产品的销售。

We don't know when we'll be able to restart, a company spokesman said.

公司发言人表示：'我们不知道何时能重新开始。'

Snack lovers are panic buying, and many supermarket shelves are bare.

零食爱好者在恐慌性购买，许多超市货架空空如也。

Japanese laws limit the amount of imported potatoes that can be used in Japanese-made products.

日本法律限制可用于日本制造产品的进口马铃薯数量。

Japan says fear of disease is its main reason to block fresh imports.

日本表示，对疾病的担忧是其阻止新鲜进口的主要原因。

It still only allows potatoes from selected U .

它仍然只允许从选定的U.

S.

S.

states.

各州。

This is only at certain times and on condition that they are processed at factories based near Japanese ports.

这只在特定时间，并且条件是它们在靠近日本港口的工厂进行加工。

But global warming has raised the possibility that domestic produce could be seriously affected by rare weather events more often.

但全球变暖提高了国内农产品更频繁地受到罕见天气事件严重影响的可能性。

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

问题5至7基于你刚刚听到的新闻报道。

Question 5. What problem is Japan facing?

问题5. 日本面临什么问题？

Question 6. Why does Japan limit the import of potatoes?

问题6. 为什么日本限制马铃薯进口？

Question 7. What might affect Japanese domestic produce?

问题7. 什么可能影响日本国内农产品？

Conversation 1.

对话1。

M: Mr.

先生。

M: Brown's lectures are so boring.

布朗先生的讲座非常无聊。

F: Yes, he is not a very exciting speaker, but the subject is interesting.

是的，他不是一位非常令人兴奋的演讲者，但主题很有趣。

M: During every one of his lectures, I try to listen.

在他每次讲座中，我都试图认真听。

M: I really try.

我真的在努力。

M: But after about ten minutes, my mind begins to wander and I lose concentration.

但大约十分钟后，我的思绪开始走神，注意力不集中。

M: But I see that you seem to be okay.

但我觉得你似乎没问题。

M: How do you stay focused through the entire hour?

你是如何在整个小时里保持专注的？

F: Well, what I do is keep my pen moving.

嗯，我做的就是让我的笔一直动着。

M: What do you mean?

你什么意思？

F: It's a method of active concentration I read about.

这是我读到的一种主动集中注意力的方法。

F: One of the most effective ways to concentrate is to write things down.

最有效的集中注意力的方式之一是写下来。

F: But it has to be done by hand, not typing on a keyboard.

但必须用手写，而不是在键盘上打字。

F: You see, writing by hand forces you to actually engage with what you're learning in a more physical way.

你看，手写迫使你以一种更身体力行的方式真正参与学习。

M: Do you review your notes afterwards then?

那你之后会复习笔记吗？

F: Sometimes, but that's not important.

有时候，但这并不重要。

F: My notes may or may not be useful, but the point is that by writing down what Mr.

我的笔记可能有用也可能没用，但关键是通过写下布朗先生所说的——

F: Brown says, I can follow his line of thinking more easily.

布朗先生的话，我能更容易地跟上他的思路。

F: In fact, sometimes I draw a little too.

事实上，有时我也画点东西。

M: You draw in class?

你在课堂上画画？

M: And that helps you pay attention?

那能帮助你集中注意力吗？

F: Yes, honestly, it works for me.

是的，老实说，这对我有用。

F: I just draw little lines and nonsense, really.

我只是画些小线条和乱七八糟的东西，真的。

F: It was also in that article I read.

这也是在我读过的那篇文章里。

F: It can keep the mind active, prevent getting bored, and help to concentrate.

它能让大脑保持活跃，防止无聊，并帮助集中注意力。

F: Again, the point is to listen hard while keeping the pen moving.

再说一遍，关键是边努力听边让笔动着。

F: If I'm at home and I need to study, what I do is read out loud.

如果我在家需要学习，我做的就是大声朗读。

F: It has a similar effect to writing by hand.

它有与手写类似的效果。

F: It helps memorize information in a physical way.

它能帮助以身体力行的方式记忆信息。

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题8至11基于你刚才听到的对话。

Question 8. What does the man think of Mr. Brown's lectures?

问题8。那位男士对布朗先生的讲座有什么看法？

Question 9. What does the woman do during Mr. Brown's lectures?

问题9。那位女士在布朗先生的讲座期间做什么？

Question 10. Why does the woman draw in class?

问题10。那位女士为什么在课堂上画画？

Question 11. What does the woman say about reading out loud?

问题11。那位女士关于大声朗读说了什么？

Conversation 2.

对话二。

M: And where's this?

这是哪里？

F: These photos are from the Taj Mahal in India.

这些照片来自印度的泰姬陵。

F: We went there about 10 years ago for our honeymoon.

我们大约10年前去那里度蜜月。

M: Was it romantic?

它浪漫吗？

F: Yeah, the Taj Mahal was a very romantic place.

是的，泰姬陵是一个非常浪漫的地方。

F: The guide told us there is a famous love story behind this building that all Indians learn in school.

导游告诉我们，这座建筑背后有一个著名的爱情故事，所有印度人在学校都学过。

F: I think it was during the 1600s, and the princess at the time died while giving birth to her 14th child.

我想是在17世纪，当时的公主在生第14个孩子时去世了。

F: The emperor loved the princess so much, and was so sad when she died, that he ordered the palace to be built in her honor.

皇帝深爱公主，她去世时非常悲伤，于是下令建造这座宫殿以纪念她。

M: Wow, that sounds very romantic.

哇，那听起来很浪漫。

M: It looks amazing.

它看起来令人惊叹。

F: Yes, it's gorgeous.

是的，它很华丽。

F: It's also larger in real life than it looks in the photos.

它在现实中比照片中看起来更大。

F: The building is very tall, and there are gardens and a wall around it all.

这座建筑非常高，周围有花园和围墙。

F: It's all built in this white stone, and some walls of the building are decorated with jewels.

它全部由这种白色石头建造，建筑的一些墙壁装饰着珠宝。

M: It must have been very crowded when you were there.

你们在那里时一定非常拥挤。

F: Yes, it's a very famous tourist destination, so there are thousands of visitors every day.

是的，它是一个非常著名的旅游目的地，所以每天有成千上万的游客。

M: Was the rest of India crowded?

印度其他地方拥挤吗？

F: Yes, very crowded in many cities.

是的，在许多城市都非常拥挤。

F: It was sometimes so crowded that it was difficult to walk along the streets, especially through busy markets.

有时拥挤到难以在街上行走，尤其是在繁忙的市场中。

F: And there are so many cars.

而且有很多汽车。

F: Traffic was terrible, but the people are friendly, the culture is amazing, and we had a great time.

交通很糟糕，但人们很友好，文化令人惊叹，我们玩得很开心。

M: What about the food?

食物怎么样？

F: Indian food is great.

印度食物很棒。

F: There are lots of different dishes to try, and every region has its own special food.

有很多不同的菜肴可以尝试，每个地区都有自己特色的食物。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题12至15基于你刚刚听到的对话。

Question 12. For what purpose did the woman go to India?

问题12。女士去印度的目的是什么？

Question 13. Why was the Taj Mahal built?

问题13。泰姬陵为什么建造？

Question 14. What does the woman say about the Taj Mahal?

问题14。女士对泰姬陵说了什么？

Question 15. What is the woman's impression of Indian cities?

问题15。女士对印度城市的印象如何？

Passage 1.

短文1。

A Pew Research Centre survey of more than 1,000 Americans conducted in April 2016 finds that Americans continue to express largely positive views about the current state of their local public libraries.

皮尤研究中心于2016年4月对1000多名美国人进行的一项调查发现，美国人继续对当地公共图书馆的现状持积极看法。

For instance, around three-quarters say that public libraries provide them with the resources they need, and 66% say the closing of their local public library would have a major impact on their community, although notably just 33% say this would have a major impact on them personally or on their family.

例如，大约四分之三的人表示公共图书馆提供了他们所需的资源，66%的人说当地公共图书馆的关闭将对社区产生重大影响，但值得注意的是，只有33%的人表示这将对他们个人或家庭产生重大影响。

A majority of Americans feel libraries are doing a good job of providing a safe place for people to hang out or spend time, as well as opening up educational opportunities for people of all ages, and roughly half think their libraries contribute a lot to their communities in terms of helping spark creativity among young people and providing a trusted place for people to learn about new technologies.

大多数美国人认为图书馆在为人们提供安全的闲逛或消磨时间场所以及为所有年龄段的人开辟教育机会方面做得很好，大约一半人认为他们的图书馆在帮助激发年轻人创造力和为人们提供学习新技术的可信场所方面对社区贡献很大。

As in past Pew Research Centre surveys of library use, the April 2016 survey also measured Americans' usage of, and engagement with, libraries.

与过去的皮尤研究中心图书馆使用调查一样，2016年4月的调查也衡量了美国人对图书馆的使用和参与情况。

Overall, 53% of Americans ages 16 and older have had some interaction with a public library in the past year, either through an in-person visit or using a library website.

总体而言，53%的16岁及以上美国人在过去一年中与公共图书馆有过某种互动，无论是亲自访问还是使用图书馆网站。

Some 48% of adults specifically visited a library in the past 12 months, a modest increase from the 44% who said that in late 2015.

大约48%的成年人在过去12个月中专门去过图书馆，这比2015年底的44%略有增加。

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题16至18基于你刚才听到的短文。

Question 16. What do most Americans say about local public libraries?

问题16. 大多数美国人对当地公共图书馆有何看法？

Question 17. How can local public libraries benefit young people?

问题17. 当地公共图书馆如何惠及年轻人？

Question 18. What does the 2016 survey show about adult library users?

问题18. 2016年调查显示成年人图书馆使用者的哪些情况？

Passage 2.

第二段。

A Savannah cat is a crossbreed between a domestic cat and a medium-sized wild African cat called the serval.

萨凡纳猫是家猫和一种中等大小的非洲野猫（称为薮猫）的杂交品种。

The unusual cross became popular among breeders at the end of the 1990s, and in 2001 the entire breeding population of the Savannah cat was identified.

这种不寻常的杂交品种在1990年代末期在繁殖者中流行起来，并在2001年，萨凡纳猫的整个繁殖种群被确认。

The International Cat Association accepted it as a new registered breed.

国际猫协会将其接受为一个新注册的品种。

The Savannahs are tall and slim, and can weigh up to 9.

萨凡纳猫身材高大苗条，体重可达9。

1 kilograms, making them one of the largest breeds of cats that people can own.

1公斤，这使它们成为人们能拥有的最大猫品种之一。

They have a spotted coat similar to that of many types of wild cats, and their ears are very large.

它们有斑点皮毛，类似于许多野猫的皮毛，而且耳朵非常大。

They are also commonly compared to dogs in their loyalty, and can be trained to walk on a lead and to fetch.

它们也常被比作狗的忠诚度，并且可以训练用牵引绳散步和取物。

An often noted characteristic of the Savannah is its jumping ability.

萨凡纳猫一个常被提及的特征是它的跳跃能力。

They are known to jump on top of doors and high cabinets.

它们以跳到门顶和高橱柜上而闻名。

Some can leap about 2.

有些能跳跃大约2。

5 meters high from a standing position.

5米高，从站立位置起跳。

Cats are typically known for being very inquisitive, and so are the Savannahs.

猫通常以非常好奇而闻名，萨凡纳猫也是如此。

They often learn how to open doors and cupboards.

它们常常学会如何开门和橱柜。

Many Savannah cats do not fear water, and will play with or even dive into water.

许多萨凡纳猫不怕水，会玩水甚至跳入水中。

Some owners even shower with their Savannah cats.

一些主人甚至和他们的萨凡纳猫一起淋浴。

Presenting a water bowl to a Savannah may also prove a challenge, as some will promptly begin to bat all the water out of the bowl until it is empty, using their front paws.

给萨凡纳猫一个水碗也可能是个挑战，因为有些会立即用前爪把碗里的水全部拍打出来，直到碗空了。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题19到21基于你刚刚听到的段落。

Question 19. What do we learn about the Savannah cat?

问题19. 关于萨凡纳猫，我们了解到什么？

Question 20. What is characteristic of Savannah cats?

问题20. 萨凡纳猫的特征是什么？

Question 21. What do some people do with their Savannah cats?

问题21. 一些人如何对待他们的萨凡纳猫？

Passage 3.

第三篇。

When children start school for the very first time, parents often feel a sense of excitement coupled with a touch of sadness at the end of an era.

当孩子们第一次开始上学时，父母常常感到一种兴奋，同时夹杂着一丝时代结束的悲伤。

This is the start of a new adventure for children, playing and interacting with new friends, sharing, taking turns and settling into a new routine.

这对孩子们来说是一段新冒险的开始，与新朋友玩耍和互动，分享，轮流，并适应新的日常安排。

But of course this is not the start of your child's education, which in fact began at birth.

但这当然不是孩子教育的开始，实际上教育始于出生时。

Back then, you would have been your child's most influential teachers.

那时，你可能是孩子最有影响力的老师。

During this time at home, your child would have learned more than at any other period in their life.

在这段在家的时间里，你的孩子学到的比他们生命中任何其他时期都多。

During your child's first year in school, much time will be spent in learning to read, and they need to know that this is fun and worthwhile.

在孩子上学的第一年，很多时间将花在学习阅读上，他们需要知道这是有趣且值得的。

Your child will naturally copy you, so it is important that you are seen reading and enjoying books, newspapers and magazines, rather than just absorbed in screens.

你的孩子自然会模仿你，所以重要的是让你被看到在阅读和享受书籍、报纸和杂志，而不是只沉迷于屏幕。

Ultimately, an excellent education should be a close partnership between parents and teachers.

最终，优秀的教育应该是家长和老师之间的紧密合作。

A child's year splits fairly neatly into thirds, a third at school, a third asleep, and a third awake at home or on holiday.

孩子的一年可以相当整齐地分成三份：三分之一在学校，三分之一睡觉，三分之一在家或度假时醒着。

Irrespective of the quality of a school, a child's home life is of key importance.

无论学校质量如何，孩子的家庭生活都至关重要。

It is the determining factor of their academic success.

这是他们学业成功的决定性因素。

Your child may have started on a new journey, but your work is far from finished.

你的孩子可能已经开始了一段新旅程，但你的工作远未完成。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题22到25基于你刚刚听到的短文。

Question 22. How do parents feel when their children start going to school?

问题22. 当孩子开始上学时，父母有何感受？

Question 23. What does the passage say about children's education?

问题23. 短文对孩子的教育说了什么？

Question 24. What should parents do for the success of their children's education?

问题24. 为了孩子教育的成功，父母应该做什么？

Question 25. What does the passage say is the key factor of children's academic success?

问题25. 短文说孩子学业成功的关键因素是什么？