2023年06月六级第1套听力原文及答案解析

Conversation 1.

对话1。

M: Hi Lily, how's the new apartment?

嗨，莉莉，新公寓怎么样？

F: It's OK.

还行。

M: What?

什么？

M: How can it be just OK when last week you were thrilled about the place and kept posting photos of it online?

上一周你还对这个地方激动不已，不停地在网上发照片，现在怎么只是还行呢？

F: Well, last week when I moved in, the apartment seemed cosy, just the right size for one person.

嗯，上周我搬进来时，公寓看起来很温馨，一个人住正合适。

F: But now it just seems tiny, shabby and solitary.

但现在它看起来又小又破旧，还很孤独。

M: Ah, that's the problem.

啊，问题就在这里。

M: You miss your roommates from university, don't you?

你想念大学的室友们，对吧？

F: I'm going to sound like an idiot because I used to complain to you all the time about how crowded our dormitory room was and about all the things they did to irritate me, like watching movies late at night without headphones or talking loudly early in the morning, but now I miss them terribly.

我听起来会像个傻瓜，因为我过去总是向你抱怨宿舍有多挤，抱怨他们做的那些让我烦的事，比如晚上不戴耳机看电影或一大早大声说话，但现在我非常想念他们。

M: Of course you do.

你当然会想念。

M: That's perfectly normal.

这完全正常。

M: When I got my first place, I remember thinking I couldn't wait to live by myself and get away from my juvenile roommates and all their annoying habits.

我记得我第一次有自己的地方时，迫不及待地想独自生活，远离那些幼稚的室友和他们烦人的习惯。

M: But then I began missing them and feeling lonely and thinking that our dormitory was like paradise, even though there were six of us guys in one small room.

但后来我开始想念他们，感到孤独，觉得我们的宿舍就像天堂一样，尽管我们六个男生挤在一个小房间里。

F: I thought it was just me who felt like that.

我还以为只有我一个人会这样感觉。

M: Look, you lived at home with us, and then you had three roommates, and this is your first time living alone, so it's hard.

你看，你以前和我们住在家里，然后有三个室友，这是你第一次独自生活，所以很难。

M: But your first apartment is a milestone in your life, and you should celebrate it.

但你的第一个公寓是你人生中的一个里程碑，你应该庆祝它。

M: Tell me about the apartment.

跟我说说那个公寓。

F: Actually, it's not bad.

其实还不错。

F: In fact, it's pretty adorable now that I have decorated it and it has everything I need.

事实上，现在它挺可爱的，因为我已经装饰过，而且它有我需要的一切。

F: I have a kitchen to cook in and a bathroom all to myself, and then another room with my bed at one end and a sofa, a small table, and chairs at the other end.

我有一个厨房可以做饭，一个独享的浴室，然后另一个房间，一头放着我的床，另一头放着沙发、小桌子和椅子。

M: That does sound adorable, and I can't wait to see it, and neither can Mom and Dad.

这听起来确实很可爱，我迫不及待地想看看，爸妈也一样。

Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题1至4基于你刚才听到的对话。

Question 1. What was the woman's first impression of the apartment?

问题1. 女士对公寓的第一印象是什么？

Question 2. Why does the woman say she is going to sound like an idiot?

问题2. 女士为什么说她听起来会像个傻瓜？

Question 3. What do we learn about the man when he left the dormitory to live on his own?

问题3. 关于男士离开宿舍独自生活，我们了解到什么？

Question 4. What does the man say he can't wait to do?

问题4. 男士说他迫不及待地想做什么？

Conversation 2.

对话二。

F: Welcome to our program, Book Talk.

欢迎收听我们的节目，《读书谈》。

F: Our guest today is Frank Jones, a critic of our education system and the author of a new book, How to Reform Our Universities.

今天我们请到的嘉宾是弗兰克·琼斯，他是我们教育体系的批评者，也是一本新书《如何改革我们的大学》的作者。

M: Hello, Susan.

你好，苏珊。

F: Frank, you support radically changing universities in America.

弗兰克，你支持对美国大学进行彻底改革。

M: Yes.

是的。

M: I believe that the purpose of higher education is to prepare young people to enter the workforce, and that our current system fails to do this.

我认为高等教育的目的是让年轻人做好进入劳动力市场的准备，而我们当前的体系未能做到这一点。

M: We're allocating too many resources to disciplines that don't match the needs of employers.

我们把太多资源分配给了与雇主需求不匹配的学科。

F: I think your attitude to education is a bit cynical, Frank.

我认为你对教育的态度有点愤世嫉俗，弗兰克。

F: Surely the purpose of university is to prepare young people to participate fully in civic life, rather than just to find well-paid jobs.

当然，大学的目的是让年轻人充分参与公民生活，而不仅仅是找到高薪工作。

M: Susan, many young graduates struggle to find any job, let alone a good one.

苏珊，许多年轻毕业生连找到工作都困难，更别说找到好工作了。

M: The job market is grim, particularly for students who study the arts.

就业市场很严峻，尤其是对于学习艺术的学生来说。

F: I agree that it isn't easy for young people to find work.

我同意年轻人找工作并不容易。

F: But you propose closing down all departments that aren't directly related to science and technology.

但你提议关闭所有与科学和技术没有直接关系的院系。

F: Is that really the solution?

这真的是解决办法吗？

M: You're overstating my point.

你夸大了我的观点。

M: My argument is that we need to use more of our budget on areas like science and engineering.

我的论点是，我们需要将更多预算用于科学和工程等领域。

M: To do that, we need to take money from subjects like literature and music.

为此，我们需要从文学和音乐等科目中抽出资金。

F: But the arts have value.

但艺术有价值。

F: They're an important part of our culture.

它们是我们文化的重要组成部分。

F: Studying literature or music or sculpture might not result in a job in that area, but it helps young people to think about the world in a deeper way, which makes them better citizens and makes for a better society.

学习文学、音乐或雕塑可能不会导致在该领域就业，但它帮助年轻人以更深入的方式思考世界，使他们成为更好的公民，并有助于构建更好的社会。

M: I agree that the arts are valuable to society.

我同意艺术对社会有价值。

M: But it's naive to think that not only the most talented, but all students should study them at university level.

但认为不仅最有才华的学生，而且所有学生都应该在大学阶段学习艺术，这是天真的。

M: The arts are very competitive and most graduates will end up with a great deal of debt, obtaining a degree that has little value on the job market.

艺术领域竞争激烈，大多数毕业生最终会背负大量债务，获得的学位在就业市场上几乎没有价值。

Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题5到8基于你刚才听到的对话。

Question 5. What do we learn from the conversation about the man?

问题5. 从对话中我们了解到关于男士的什么信息？

Question 6. What does the man believe is the problem with the current American system of higher education?

问题6. 男士认为当前美国高等教育体系的问题是什么？

Question 7. How should the education budget be allocated according to the man?

问题7. 根据男士的观点，教育预算应如何分配？

Question 8. What does the woman say the arts can do?

问题8. 女士说艺术能做什么？

Passage one.

篇章一。

Do you ever have the annoying feeling that you don't have time to really think anymore?

你是否有过这种烦人的感觉，觉得自己再也没有时间真正思考了？

You're not alone.

你并不孤单。

A variety of factors have conspired to rob us of time for reflection about ourselves and our lives.

多种因素共同作用，剥夺了我们反思自身和生活的时间。

Today, our preoccupied minds are rarely silent.

如今，我们心事重重的大脑很少有安静的时候。

The average person receives hundreds of texts and voice messages a day.

普通人一天会收到数百条短信和语音消息。

And holidays, for many of us, are action-packed weeks more likely full of family activities than opportunities for tranquility and contemplation.

而对于我们许多人来说，假期是活动密集的一周，更可能充满家庭活动，而非宁静与沉思的机会。

Regular reflection, however, underlies all great professionals.

然而，定期反思是所有伟大专业人士的基础。

It's a prerequisite for you to recharge your mental batteries, see things in a new light, and tap into your creativity.

这是你为精神充电、以新视角看待事物和发挥创造力的先决条件。

Almost all of the great advisors that I have studied have found ways to get away from it all and contemplate their life and work.

我所研究的几乎所有伟大顾问都找到了远离尘嚣、思考生活和工作的方法。

Some researchers in the field of creativity, in fact, believe that insight occurs during the reflection and relaxation that follows a period of intense activity.

事实上，创造力领域的一些研究者认为，顿悟发生在激烈活动后的反思和放松期间。

Schedule time for reflection about your work or a particular project you're engaged in.

安排时间反思你的工作或你正在参与的特定项目。

I usually block out half an hour.

我通常预留半小时。

Don't answer the phone.

不要接电话。

Push your papers to the side.

把文件推到一边。

Sketch.

画草图。

Make lists.

列清单。

Draw mind maps of ideas that come to you.

绘制你脑海中浮现的想法思维导图。

At the end, write down any emerging ideas.

最后，写下任何浮现的想法。

When you're alone, stop worrying and think.

当你独处时，停止担忧并思考。

A lot of our downtime is spent worrying about troublesome things in our lives or fantasizing about how we'd like our lives to be.

我们的很多闲暇时间都花在了担忧生活中的麻烦事或幻想理想生活上。

Revisit things during moments of relaxation after a period of intense work.

在高强度工作后的放松时刻重新审视事物。

This is when we are the most creative.

这是我们最具创造力的时候。

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题9至11基于你刚刚听到的篇章。

Question 9. What do we learn about the feeling that one doesn't have time to think anymore?

问题9. 关于人们感觉没有时间再思考，我们了解到什么？

Question 10. What trait do all great professionals share?

问题10. 所有伟大专业人士共享什么特质？

Question 11. What do some researchers believe is conducive to creative ideas?

问题11. 一些研究者认为什么有助于产生创造性想法？

Passage 2.

段落2。

Even before Colorado was a state, it had post offices.

在科罗拉多成为州之前，它就已经有了邮局。

The first opened in 1859 in a settlement founded by migrants searching for gold.

第一家邮局于1859年在一个由寻找黄金的移民建立的定居点开业。

Life could be unpredictable out west.

西部的生活可能难以预测。

Gold failed to appear.

黄金没有出现。

Drought ruined farmers and settlers clashed with Native Americans.

干旱毁了农民，定居者与美洲原住民发生冲突。

On the settlement's location now stands a sprawling university campus.

在定居点的位置上，现在矗立着一个庞大的大学校园。

Amid all the changes, one feature remained constant, the postal service.

在所有变化中，一个特点保持不变，那就是邮政服务。

The maps tracing America's westward expansion are telling.

追踪美国西进运动的地图很有说服力。

In 1864, there were few postal branches on land controlled by Native Americans, which still accounted for most of the West.

1864年，在美洲原住民控制的土地上邮局很少，而这些土地仍占西部的大部分。

Over the next 25 years, post offices grew quickly.

在接下来的25年里，邮局迅速增长。

Colonization of the West could be regarded as a result of big government rather than pioneers.

西部的殖民化可以被视为大政府的结果，而非开拓者。

As federal subsidies and land grants tempted people into the deserts and plains, the post kept them connected.

随着联邦补贴和土地赠与将人们吸引到沙漠和平原，邮政保持了他们的联系。

In the mid 19th century, the post office department was far from a centralized bureaucracy.

在19世纪中叶，邮政部门远非一个中央集权的官僚机构。

To keep up with migration patterns, postal services were added to existing businesses.

为了跟上移民模式，邮政服务被添加到现有企业中。

The federal government commissioned private wagons to carry the mail.

联邦政府委托私人马车运送邮件。

Short term contracts were granted to local businessmen to act as postmasters.

短期合同被授予当地商人担任邮政局长。

These partnerships enabled the mail to quickly follow migrants, helping knit together remote parts of the country.

这些合作关系使邮件能够迅速跟随移民，帮助将国家的偏远地区连接起来。

Mr.

先生

Belvins, a digital historian, wrote a book on the history of the US Postal Service.

贝尔文斯，一位数字历史学家，写了一本关于美国邮政服务历史的书。

He used data science to analyze historical trends.

他用数据科学分析历史趋势。

Most strikingly, he built an accompanying website complete with interactive maps.

最引人注目的是，他建立了一个附带网站，配有互动地图。

They show readers how, within a generation, the postal service helped colonize a continent.

它们向读者展示了邮政服务如何在一代人的时间内帮助殖民了一个大陆。

These online interactive maps illustrate the formative power of snail mail.

这些在线互动地图说明了传统邮件的塑造力量。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题12到15基于你刚刚听到的段落。

Question 12. What does the passage say about Colorado before it became a state?

问题12. 段落说了科罗拉多成为州之前的什么？

Question 13. How did the Postal Service contribute to America's westward expansion?

问题13. 邮政服务如何促进了美国的西进运动？

Question 14. What did the federal government do to meet the increasing demand for the Postal Service in the west?

问题14. 联邦政府做了什么来满足西部对邮政服务日益增长的需求？

Question 15. What did Mr. Belvins do to study the history of the US Postal Service?

问题15. 贝尔文斯先生做了什么来研究美国邮政服务的历史？

Recording 1.

录音1.

In last week's lecture, we discussed reasons why people forget things.

在上周的讲座中，我们讨论了人们忘记事情的原因。

This week, we will discuss a surprising reason why we might remember some things.

本周，我们将讨论一个令人惊讶的原因，解释为什么我们可能会记住某些事情。

Anxiety.

焦虑。

Think about something as simple as buying a coffee.

想想像买咖啡这样简单的事情。

That may not seem like an experience that would make a deep impression on your memory, but anxiety could change that.

这可能看起来不会对你的记忆产生深刻印象，但焦虑可能会改变这一点。

In fact, a new study suggests that people with higher anxiety levels might remember certain information better than people with lower anxiety levels.

事实上，一项新研究表明，焦虑水平较高的人可能比焦虑水平较低的人更好地记住某些信息。

That's because higher levels of anxiety may make people more susceptible to negative feelings, putting them in a more negative state of mind.

这是因为更高的焦虑水平可能使人们更容易受到负面情绪的影响，使他们处于更消极的心态中。

That, in turn, may make them able to better remember some events.

这反过来又可能使他们能够更好地记住一些事件。

Let's take a closer look at that new study now.

现在让我们更仔细地看看那项新研究。

In the study, the researchers started by giving 80 undergraduate students an anxiety test.

在这项研究中，研究人员首先给80名本科生进行了一项焦虑测试。

The test measured the participants' anxiety levels over the preceding two weeks.

该测试测量了参与者在过去两周内的焦虑水平。

Then, to test memory, the participants were shown a series of neutral words, one at a time.

然后，为了测试记忆，参与者被展示了一系列中性词，一次一个。

Some of the words were printed onto photos of negative scenes, meaning images that could affect their emotions negatively, such as a photo of a car accident or a cemetery.

其中一些词被印在负面场景的照片上，即可能对其情绪产生负面影响的图像，如车祸或墓地的照片。

The rest of the words were printed onto photos of neutral scenes, such as a photo of a lake or trees.

其余的词被印在中性场景的照片上，如湖泊或树木的照片。

Neutral words included words like table or desk that don't elicit emotion.

中性词包括像“桌子”或“书桌”这样不会引发情绪的词。

Later, the participants were asked to think back to the words they were shown earlier, which caused them to re-enter either a negative or neutral mindset.

后来，参与者被要求回想他们之前看到的词，这使他们重新进入负面或中性的心态。

The participants were then presented with another set of neutral words, and their memory of these new words was tested.

然后，参与者被展示了另一组中性词，并测试了他们对这些新词的记忆。

The researchers found that the new words presented to people in a negative mindset were better remembered by people with higher levels of anxiety than those with lower levels of anxiety.

研究人员发现，处于负面心态中的人看到的新词，被焦虑水平较高的人比焦虑水平较低的人更好地记住。

In other words, when highly anxious individuals took in otherwise emotionally neutral information that was presented to them, it became colored by their negative mindset, making them remember the information better.

换句话说，当高度焦虑的个体吸收了原本情感中性的信息时，这些信息被他们的负面心态所影响，使他们更好地记住信息。

But these same effects were not seen in people with low levels of anxiety.

但这些同样的效果在低焦虑水平的人身上没有观察到。

Previous studies have found that extreme levels of anxiety, such as those experienced by people diagnosed with an anxiety disorder, can be quite detrimental to memory and cognitive performance.

先前的研究发现，极端焦虑水平，如被诊断为焦虑障碍的人所经历的，可能对记忆和认知表现相当有害。

But the highly anxious people in this study represent individuals who are managing their anxiety, and for whom anxiety is not a serious problem.

但这项研究中的高度焦虑人群代表那些正在管理自己焦虑的个体，对他们来说，焦虑并不是一个严重问题。

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the lecture you have just heard.

问题16到18基于你刚刚听到的讲座。

Question 16. What does the speaker say the new study suggests?

问题16. 说话者说新研究表明了什么？

Question 17. What did researchers do first in the new study?

问题17. 在新研究中，研究人员首先做了什么？

Question 18. What do we learn from previous studies about anxiety?

问题18. 从先前的研究中，我们对焦虑了解到了什么？

Recording 2.

录音2。

Over the past 20 years, the Internet has gradually become a dominant feature of our lives.

过去20年来，互联网已逐渐成为我们生活的一个主导特征。

It has changed how we communicate with each other, and it has definitely transformed the way we do business with each other.

它改变了我们彼此沟通的方式，并且无疑也转变了我们相互开展业务的方式。

Marketing has also changed in a number of ways.

营销也在许多方面发生了变化。

For instance, in the past, consumers had to call a phone number and patiently wait on hold in order to get the information they wanted.

例如，在过去，消费者不得不拨打一个电话号码并耐心等待接通，才能获得他们想要的信息。

Today, they want the information immediately.

如今，他们希望立即获得信息。

They'll go to the company's social media page and post comments and questions, expecting to receive an immediate response.

他们会访问公司的社交媒体页面，发布评论和问题，并期望立即得到回应。

If they don't get their questions answered soon, they'll move on to another company that will answer them quickly.

如果他们的问题没有很快得到解答，他们会转向另一家能快速回答问题的公司。

Marketing departments today need to follow technological development.

如今的营销部门需要跟上技术发展。

For example, this year's smartphone is smarter than last year's.

例如，今年的智能手机比去年的更智能。

Self-driving cars are now on the road.

自动驾驶汽车现已上路行驶。

Marketers have to do research on which technologies are coming into being.

营销人员必须研究哪些技术正在涌现。

Otherwise, they risk being left behind in the virtual dust.

否则，他们就有被远远抛在后面的风险。

Marketing has also changed due to the importance of video.

营销的变化还源于视频的重要性。

People don't just want to read text, they want to watch things happening.

人们不仅想阅读文字，他们还希望看到事情的发生。

Companies now have to explore how they can use video on a consistent basis to share information about their businesses.

公司现在必须探索如何持续地利用视频来分享关于其业务的信息。

Fortunately, it's extremely easy to shoot something these days.

幸运的是，如今拍摄内容极其容易。

All you need is a smartphone.

你只需要一部智能手机。

But what's the result of all this?

但这一切的结果是什么？

Shorter attention spans.

更短的注意力持续时间。

We aren't the same people that we were 20 years ago.

我们已不再是20年前的我们了。

Not only have we grown accustomed to getting the information we want instantaneously, our attention spans are much shorter.

我们不仅已习惯于即时获取我们想要的信息，我们的注意力持续时间也大大缩短了。

If something doesn't capture our attention within a few seconds, we're on to the next piece of content.

如果某事在几秒钟内无法抓住我们的注意力，我们就会转向下一条内容。

Marketers need to figure out ways to speak directly to the customer's emotions, and they need to figure out how to do that as quickly as possible.

营销人员需要找到直接触动客户情感的方法，并且需要尽快找到实现这一目标的方式。

Once people are emotionally engaged, they'll stick with you.

一旦人们在情感上被吸引，他们就会与你保持联系。

If marketing has changed this much in the past 20 years, imagine what the next 20 years will bring.

如果说营销在过去20年变化如此之大，想象一下未来20年将会带来什么。

In a recent survey, only 9% of marketers could say with confidence that their marketing efforts were actually working.

在最近的一项调查中，只有9%的营销人员能自信地表示他们的营销努力确实奏效。

Their confidence is being shaken because the rules of the game change every year.

他们的信心正在被动摇，因为游戏规则每年都发生变化。

That's why it's important for marketers to pay attention to the latest technological developments and consider collaborating with technological innovators.

这就是为什么营销人员关注最新技术发展并考虑与技术创新者合作很重要。

That way, they'll be moving at the same pace as the tech industry.

那样，他们将能与科技行业同步前进。

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the lecture you have just heard.

问题19至22基于你刚刚听到的讲座。

Question 19. What does the speaker say about today's consumers?

问题19. 关于当今的消费者，说话者说了什么？

Question 20. How do marketers capture consumers' attention as quickly as possible?

问题20. 营销人员如何尽可能快地抓住消费者的注意力？

Question 21. What does the speaker suggest marketers do to meet future challenges?

问题21. 说话者建议营销人员为应对未来挑战做些什么？

Recording 3.

录音3。

You might be surprised to learn that the benefits of friendships extend beyond people's social life and into their work, which is interesting when considering the extent to which people sacrifice friendships or at least the time they spend with friends because of the extended hours they're devoting to work.

你可能会惊讶地发现，友谊的好处不仅延伸到人们的社交生活，还延伸到工作中；考虑到人们为了投入更多时间工作而牺牲友谊或至少减少与朋友相处的时间，这很有趣。

Just last week, I was remarking to a colleague that I'm content with only one social engagement per week, but according to recent research, that's evidently not enough.

就在上周，我还对同事说，我每周只满足于一次社交活动，但根据最近的研究，这显然还不够。

In an initial study of more than 700 respondents, scholars from an American university analyzed the impact that friends, as opposed to family, have on self-esteem and well-being.

在一项针对700多名受访者的初步研究中，一所美国大学的学者分析了朋友（相对于家人）对自尊和幸福感的影响。

Friends came out substantially on top.

朋友明显占上风。

That's because to be someone's mate is a voluntary act, unlike family, who people rarely get to choose.

这是因为成为某人的朋友是自愿行为，而家人通常不是人们能选择的。

The researchers found that when people choose to cultivate and maintain supportive friendships with an individual, it means that the person is valued and worthy of their limited time.

研究人员发现，当人们选择培养和维持与一个人的支持性友谊时，这意味着这个人受到重视，并值得他们投入有限的时间。

Such sentiments of value and worthiness boost our self-esteem.

这种价值和 worthiness 的感觉提升了我们的自尊。

The second study comprised more than 300 participants.

第二项研究包含300多名参与者。

It proved that the better we feel about ourselves, the more likely we'll perform our job confidently and competently.

它证明我们对自己感觉越好，就越有可能自信和胜任地工作。

This follow-up study found that non-work friends even improve people's job satisfaction.

这项后续研究发现，非工作朋友甚至能提高人们的工作满意度。

They have as much of an impact on how much they love their jobs as do the friends they have at work, despite not actually being at our place of work.

他们对工作的喜爱程度的影响与工作中的朋友一样大，尽管他们实际上不在我们的工作场所。

These types of friends tend to be our preferred outlet for venting about work-related matters.

这类朋友往往是我们发泄工作相关事宜的首选渠道。

This is an avenue that may not be available at the office.

这可能是办公室中不可用的途径。

So even though friendships can be easy to neglect when confronted by pressures at work, or even pressures at home, neglecting our friends can turn out to be harmful and counterproductive.

因此，尽管在面临工作压力甚至家庭压力时，友谊很容易被忽视，但忽视朋友可能是有害且适得其反的。

That's why, when determining how to create a better work-life balance, we need to consider not only how to balance work and family demands, but also how to cultivate and sustain supportive friendships.

这就是为什么在决定如何创造更好的工作与生活平衡时，我们不仅需要考虑如何平衡工作和家庭需求，还需要考虑如何培养和维持支持性友谊。

It's for this reason that managers should never discriminate when it comes to requests from employees for flexible work arrangements.

正是由于这个原因，管理者在处理员工对灵活工作安排的请求时，绝不应歧视。

It's irrelevant whether their need for a desired schedule is due to, say, parenting responsibilities or a craving to hang out with a best mate.

无论是由于育儿责任还是渴望与最好的朋友出去玩，他们对理想日程的需求都无关紧要。

What matters is the opportunity to engage in a nourishing activity outside of work that will definitely have a follow-on effect at work.

重要的是有机会参与工作之外的滋养性活动，这无疑会对工作产生后续影响。

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the lecture you have just heard.

问题23至25基于你刚刚听到的讲座。

Question 22. What does the speaker say is interesting?

问题22。说话者说什么有趣？

Question 23. What did researchers from an American university analyze in their initial study?

问题23。美国大学的研究人员在他们的初步研究中分析了什么？

Question 24. What did the second study find about non-work friends?

问题24。第二项研究发现了关于非工作朋友的什么？

Question 25. What does the speaker suggest managers do? That's the end of Listening Comprehension.

问题25。说话者建议管理者做什么？听力理解结束。