2018年12月四级第2套仔细阅读 Passage 1 原文翻译及答案解析

Roughly the size of a soda can, sitting on a bookshelf, a relatively harmless gadget may be turning friends away from your home. The elephant in your living room is your Internet-connected security camera, a device people are increasingly using for peace of mind in their homes. But few stop to think about the effect these devices may have on house guests. Should you tell your friends, for instance, that they're being recorded while you all watch the big game together?

大致一个汽水罐大小，放在书架上，这个相对无害的小装置可能正在让朋友不愿来你家。你客厅里的明显隐患就是你的互联网连接的安全摄像头，一个人们越来越多地用于在家中寻求安心的设备。但很少有人停下来思考这些设备可能对家中客人产生的影响。例如，当你们一起观看大赛时，你应该告诉朋友们他们正在被录制吗？

"It's certainly new territory, especially as home security cameras become easier to install," says Lizzie Post, president of the Emily Post Institute, America's foremost manners advisors. "I think it will be very interesting to see what etiquette (礼仪) emerges in terms of whether you tell people you have a camera or not, and whether guests have a right to ask that it be turned off, if it's not a security issue."

"这肯定是新领域，尤其是随着家庭安全摄像头变得更容易安装，"莉齐·波斯特，艾米丽·波斯特学院的主席，美国最著名的礼仪顾问说道。"我认为，看到在礼仪方面会出现什么新规范会非常有趣，比如你是否告诉人们你有摄像头，以及客人是否有权要求关闭它，如果这不是安全问题的话。"

Post wants to make clear that she's not talking about legal rights, but rather personal preference. She also wants to explain that there are no right or wrong answers regarding manners on this front yet, because the technology is just now becoming mainstream. Besides, the Emily Post Institute doesn't dictate manners.

波斯特想明确表示，她并非在讨论法律权利，而是个人偏好。她还解释道，关于这方面的礼仪，目前尚无对错之分，因为这项技术才刚刚成为主流。此外，艾米丽·波斯特学院并不规定礼仪。

When it comes to security cameras, Post says it's a host's responsibility to make sure guests feel comfortable within their home. "I'm always a fan of being open and honest." For instance, if the host casually acknowledges that there is a camera in the room by telling a story about it, that may be enough to provide an opening for a guest to say if they are uncomfortable.

就安全摄像头而言，波斯特表示，主人有责任确保客人在自己家中感到舒适。"我向来崇尚坦诚相待。"比如，如果主人通过讲述相关故事，随意提及房间里有摄像头，这或许就足以让客人有机会表达是否感到不自在。

However, if a contractor is working in your home, you don't need to tell them that there are cameras watching. Then again, the air of accountability that the camera generates can also work in contractors' favor. "If anything does go wrong while they're in the house, they don't want to be blamed for it," she says. "In fact, the camera could be the thing that proves that they didn't steal the $20, or knock the vase off the table."

不过，如果有承包商在你家工作，你无需告诉他们有摄像头在监控。然而，摄像头所营造的问责氛围也可能对承包商有利。"如果他们在房子里时出了任何问题，他们不想因此受责，"她说。"实际上，摄像头可能成为证明他们没有偷那20美元，或没有打翻桌上花瓶的证据。"