2018年12月四级第2套仔细阅读 Passage 2 原文翻译及答案解析

PepsiCo is to spend billions of dollars to develop drinks and snacks and reformulate existing ones with lower sugar, salt and fat, as consumers demand healthier options and regulatory pressure intensifies amid an obesity epidemic (流行 病).

百事公司将花费数十亿美元开发饮料和零食，并重新配制现有产品以降低糖、盐和脂肪含量，因为消费者需求更健康的选项，且在肥胖流行病期间监管压力加剧。

The maker of Mountain Dew and Gatorade has been one of the earlier movers in the industry to offer products with reduced levels of unhealthy ingredients—PepsiCo claims a packet of its chips now contains less salt than a slice of white bread. However, its new 10-year plan makes clear it believes it still has a long way to go.

生产激浪和佳得乐的公司在行业内是较早推出减少不健康成分含量产品的先行者之一——百事公司声称其一袋薯片现在含盐量低于一片白面包。然而，其新的10年计划明确表明，它认为仍有很长的路要走。

Shifting eating habits, including a sharp drop in consumption of sparkling drinks, have forced radical change on the industry. But those shifts have yet to be reflected in record obesity levels, which stand at 36.5% overall in the US.

饮食习惯的转变，包括碳酸饮料消费的急剧下降，迫使行业发生根本性变化。但这些转变尚未反映在创纪录的肥胖水平上，美国总体肥胖率为36.5%。

Indra Nooyi, PepsiCo chairman, said the plan to make its products healthier was important for the company's growth. But on the subject of obesity, she pointed out that consumers' lifestyles have changed significantly, with many people being more sedentary (久坐不动的) not least because more time is spent in front of computers. She said PepsiCo's contribution was to produce healthier snacks that still tasted good.

百事公司董事长英德拉·诺伊表示，使产品更健康的计划对公司增长很重要。但在肥胖问题上，她指出消费者的生活方式发生了显著变化，许多人更加久坐不动，尤其是因为更多时间花在电脑前。她说百事公司的贡献是生产仍然美味的更健康零食。

"Society has to change its habits," she added. "We can't do much to alter sedentary lifestyles, but we can provide consumers with great-tasting products, low in salt, sugar and fat. In the past we had to have a taste trade-off. But we're breaking that trade-off."

"社会必须改变其习惯，"她补充道。"我们无法对改变久坐不动的生活方式做太多，但我们可以为消费者提供美味的产品，低盐、低糖、低脂。过去我们不得不牺牲口味。但我们正在打破这种权衡。"

PepsiCo's plan for its foods and drinks is based on guidelines from the World Health Organisation, which last week backed using taxes on sparkling drinks to reduce sugar consumption. Initiatives also include efforts to reduce its environmental impact, water consumption and materials used in packaging by 2025.

百事公司的食品和饮料计划基于世界卫生组织的指南，该组织上周支持对碳酸饮料征税以减少糖消费。举措还包括努力到2025年减少其环境影响、水耗和包装材料使用。

PepsiCo did not say exactly how much it planned to invest to reach its goals. However, Dr. Mehmood Khan, chief scientific officer, said the company had doubled research and development spending in the past five years and was "committed to sustaining investment", adding that companies cannot cost-cut their way to increasing sales. PepsiCo's research and development budget in 2015 was $754 million.

百事公司没有具体说明计划投资多少以达到其目标。然而，首席科学官马哈茂德·汗博士表示，公司在过去五年中研发支出翻了一番，并"致力于持续投资"，补充说公司不能通过削减成本来增加销售额。百事公司2015年的研发预算为7.54亿美元。