2016年06月六级第3套长篇阅读匹配原文翻译及答案

A) It turns out today's teenagers aren't so scary after all. Results of USA WEEKEND'S Teens & Parents survey reveal a generation of young people who get along well with their parents and approve of the way they're being raised. They think of their parents with affection and respect. They speak with Mom or Dad when they have a problem. Most feel that their parents understand them, and they believe their family is the No. 1 priority in their parents' lives. Many even think their parents are cool! Although more than a third have an object in their rooms they would like to keep secret from their parents, rarely is it anything more alarming than a diary or off-color (低俗的) book or CD.

事实证明，如今的青少年并没有那么可怕。《美国周末》青少年与父母调查的结果显示，这一代年轻人与父母相处融洽，并认可他们被抚养的方式。他们对父母怀有感情和尊重。当遇到问题时，他们会和妈妈或爸爸交谈。大多数人觉得父母理解他们，并且相信家庭是父母生活中最重要的事。许多人甚至认为父母很酷！尽管超过三分之一的人在房间里有物品想对父母保密，但很少是比日记或低俗书籍或CD更令人担忧的东西。

B) Such results may seem surprising against the background of shocking incidents that color the way the mass media portray the young. In October 2000, the same month the survey was taken, the Washington based Center for Media and Public Affairs wrote in its publication Media Monitor that, in a recent month of TV news coverage of American youth, just 2% of teens were shown at home, and just 1% were portrayed in a work setting. In contrast, the criminal justice system accounted for nearly one out of every five visual backgrounds. No wonder parents worry their own kids might spin out of control once they hit the turbulent waters of adolescence.

这些结果在令人震惊的事件背景下可能显得令人惊讶，这些事件影响了大众媒体对年轻人的描绘方式。2000年10月，即调查进行的同一个月，位于华盛顿的媒体与公共事务中心在其出版物《媒体观察》中写道，在最近一个月的电视新闻对美国青少年的报道中，只有2%的青少年在家中出现，只有1%被描绘在工作环境中。相比之下，刑事司法系统占据了近五分之一的视觉背景。难怪父母担心自己的孩子一旦进入动荡的青春期，可能会失控。

C) The overall facts ought to reassure us. The survey shows us that today's teens are affectionate, sensible and far happier than the angry and tortured souls that have been painted for us by stereotypes. From other sources, we also know teenage crime, drug abuse and premarital sex are in general decline. We, of course, need to pay attention to youngsters who are filled with discontent and hostility, but we should not allow these extreme cases to distort our view of most young people.

总体事实应该使我们放心。调查显示，如今的青少年充满感情、理智，比刻板印象中所描绘的愤怒和痛苦的灵魂要快乐得多。从其他来源，我们还知道青少年犯罪、吸毒和婚前性行为总体上在下降。当然，我们需要关注那些充满不满和敌意的年轻人，但我们不应让这些极端案例扭曲我们对大多数年轻人的看法。

D) My own research at the Stanford Center on Adolescence uses in-depth interviews with small samples of youngsters rather than large-scale surveys. Still, in my studies and others I have read, I find the same patterns as in USA WEEKEND'S survey. Today's teenagers admire their parents and welcome parental guidance about important matters such as career choice — though certainly not Mom and Dad's advice on matters of personal taste, such as music or fashion. When we ask teens to choose a hero, they usually select an older family member rather than a remote public figure. Most teens say they enjoy the company of both parents and friends.

我在斯坦福青春期研究中心的研究使用对青少年小样本的深度访谈，而不是大规模调查。尽管如此，在我的研究和其他我读过的研究中，我发现了与《美国周末》调查相同的模式。如今的青少年钦佩他们的父母，并欢迎父母在重要事项上的指导，如职业选择——尽管当然不是父母在个人品味问题上的建议，如音乐或时尚。当我们请青少年选择一位英雄时，他们通常会选择年长的家庭成员，而不是遥远的公众人物。大多数青少年说他们享受父母和朋友的陪伴。

E) Contrary to some stereotypes, most adolescents believe they must be tolerant of differences among individuals (though they do not always find this easy in the cliquish (拉帮结派的) environment of high school). Many of them volunteer for community service with disadvantaged people. One prevalent quality we have found in teens' statements about themselves, their friends and their families is a strikingly positive emotional tone. By and large, these are very nice kids, and as the band The Who used to sing, "The kids are alright."

与一些刻板印象相反，大多数青少年认为他们必须容忍个体之间的差异（尽管在高中拉帮结派的环境中，他们并不总是觉得这容易）。他们中的许多人自愿为弱势群体提供社区服务。我们在青少年关于自己、朋友和家庭的陈述中发现的一个普遍品质是惊人的积极情绪基调。总的来说，这些是非常好的孩子，正如乐队The Who曾经唱的那样，“孩子们没事。”

F) How much is today's spirit of harmony a change from our more turbulent past? A mere generation ago, parent-child relations were described as "the generation gap". Yet even then reports of widespread youth rebellion were overdone: Most kids in the 60s and 70s shared their parents' basic values. Still, it is true that American families are growing closer at the dawn of this new millennium (千禧年). Perhaps there is less to fight about, with the country in a period of tranquility and the dangers of drug abuse and other unwholesome behavior well known. Perhaps in the face of impersonal and intimidating globalization, a young person's family feels more like a friendly haven than an oppressive trap. And perhaps parents are acting more like parents than in the recent past. Within just the past five years, I have noticed parents returning to a belief that teenagers need the guidance of elders rather than the liberal, "anything goes" mode of child-rearing that became popular in the second half of the 20th century.

今天的和谐精神与我们更动荡的过去相比，变化有多大？仅仅一代人之前，亲子关系被描述为“代沟”。但即便如此，关于广泛青少年叛乱的报道也被夸大了：60年代和70年代的大多数孩子分享了他们父母的基本价值观。尽管如此，确实美国家庭在这个新千年之初正变得更加亲密。也许随着国家处于平静时期，以及吸毒和其他不健康行为的危险众所周知，可争论的事情更少了。也许在面对非个人化和令人畏惧的全球化时，年轻人的家庭更像一个友好的避风港，而不是一个压迫性的陷阱。也许父母比最近的过去更像父母。就在过去五年里，我注意到父母回归一种信念，即青少年需要长辈的指导，而不是20世纪下半叶流行的自由、“随心所欲”的育儿模式。

G) But missing from all these data is the sense that today's young care very much about their country, about the broader civic and political environment, or about the future of their society. They seem to be turning inward — generally in a pro-social manner, certainly with positive benefits for intimate relationships, but too often at the expense of a connection with the present and future world beyond, including the society they will one day inherit.

但所有这些数据中缺失的是，今天的年轻人非常关心他们的国家、更广泛的公民和政治环境，或他们社会的未来。他们似乎正在向内转向——通常以亲社会的方式，当然对亲密关系有积极益处，但往往以牺牲与当前和未来世界的联系为代价，包括他们有一天将继承的社会。

H) Recently, we examined more than 400 essays on the Laws that teens from two communities had written as part of an educational program initiated by the John Templeton Foundation in Radnor, Pa. In those essays, and in follow-up interviews with a few of the teenagers, we found lots of insight, positive feeling and inspirational thinking. But we also found little interest in civic life beyond the tight circles of their family and immediate friends.

最近，我们检查了400多篇关于法律的文章，这些文章是由两个社区的青少年作为由宾夕法尼亚州拉德诺的约翰·邓普顿基金会发起的教育项目的一部分而写的。在这些文章中，以及与一些青少年的后续访谈中，我们发现了许多见解、积极情感和鼓舞人心的思考。但我们也发现，对公民生活的兴趣很少，超出了他们家庭和亲密朋友的紧密圈子。

I) For example, only one boy said he would like to be president when he grows up. When I was in high school, dozens in my class alone would have answered differently. In fact, other recent studies have found there has never been a time in American history when so small a proportion of young people have sought or accepted leadership roles in local civic organizations. It is also troubling that voting rates among our youngest eligible voters—18- to 24-year-olds are way down: Little more than one in four now go to the polls, even in national elections, compared with almost twice that many when 18-year-olds were first given the vote.

例如，只有一个男孩说他长大后想当总统。当我上高中时，仅我的班上就有几十人会给出不同的答案。事实上，其他最近的研究发现，在美国历史上，从未有过如此小比例的年轻人寻求或接受当地公民组织的领导角色。同样令人不安的是，我们最年轻的合格选民——18至24岁的人的投票率大幅下降：现在只有略多于四分之一的人去投票站，即使在全国选举中，而当年18岁首次获得投票权时，投票人数几乎是现在的两倍。

J) In our interviews, many students viewed politics with suspicion and distaste. "Most politicians are kind of crooked (不诚实的)," one student declared. Another, discussing national politics, said, "I feel like one person can't do that much, and I get the impression most people don't think a group of people can do that much." Asked what they would like to change in the world, the students mentioned only personal concerns such as slowing down the pace of life, gaining good friends, becoming more spiritual, becoming either more materially successful or less materially oriented (depending on the student's values), and being more respectful of the Earth, animals and other people. One boy said, "I'd rather be concentrating on artistic efforts than saving the world or something."

在我们的访谈中，许多学生对政治持怀疑和厌恶态度。“大多数政客都有点不诚实，”一名学生宣称。另一名学生在讨论国家政治时说，“我觉得一个人做不了那么多，而且我得到的印象是，大多数人认为一群人也做不了那么多。”当被问及他们想改变世界什么时，学生们只提到了个人关切，如放慢生活节奏、获得好朋友、变得更精神化、变得更物质成功或更不物质导向（取决于学生的价值观），以及更尊重地球、动物和其他人。一名男孩说，“我宁愿专注于艺术努力，而不是拯救世界什么的。”

K) It is fine and healthy for teens to cultivate their personal interests, and it is good news when young people enjoy harmonious relations with their family and friends. But there is also a place in a young life for noble purposes that include a dedication to the broader society, a love of country and an aspiration to make their own leadership contributions.

青少年培养个人兴趣是美好和健康的，当年轻人享受与家人和朋友的和谐关系时，这是好消息。但在年轻人的生活中，也有崇高目标的空间，包括对更广泛社会的奉献、对国家的热爱以及做出自己领导贡献的渴望。

L) In the past, the young have eagerly participated in national service and civic affairs, often with lots of energy and idealism. If this is not happening today, we should ask why. Our society needs the full participation of its younger citizens if it is to continue to thrive. We know the promise is there — this is a well-grounded, talented, warm-hearted group of youngsters. We have everything to gain by encouraging them to explore the world beyond their immediate experience and to prepare themselves for their turn at shaping that world.

过去，年轻人热切地参与国家服务和公民事务，通常充满活力和理想主义。如果今天没有发生这种情况，我们应该问为什么。我们的社会需要年轻公民的充分参与才能继续繁荣。我们知道潜力存在——这是一群脚踏实地、才华横溢、热心肠的年轻人。通过鼓励他们探索超越直接经验的世界，并为自己塑造世界的机会做好准备，我们将获得一切。