2021年06月六级第2套长篇阅读匹配原文翻译及答案

A) Notre Dame Cathedral in the heart of Paris was within "15 to 30 minutes" of complete destruction as firefighters battled to stop flames reaching its bell towers on Monday evening, French authorities have revealed. A greater disaster was averted by members of the Paris fire brigade, who risked their lives to remain inside the burning monument to create a wall of water between the raging fire and the two towers on the west of the building.

法国当局透露，周一晚上，巴黎市中心的巴黎圣母院在消防员奋力阻止火焰蔓延到钟楼时，曾面临“15到30分钟”内完全毁灭的危险。巴黎消防队的成员冒着生命危险留在燃烧的纪念碑内，在熊熊大火和建筑西侧的两座塔楼之间筑起了一道水墙，从而避免了一场更大的灾难。

B) The revelation of how close. France came to lose its most famous cathedral emerged as police investigators questioned workers involved in the restoration of the monument to try to establish the cause of the devastating blaze. Paris prosecutor Remy Heitz said that an initial fire alert was sounded at 6:20 pm on Monday evening but no fire was found. The second alert was sounded at 6:43 pm, and the blaze was discovered on the roof.

法国差点失去其最著名大教堂的真相浮出水面，当时警方调查人员正在询问参与纪念碑修复的工人，试图确定这场毁灭性大火的原因。巴黎检察官雷米·海茨说，周一晚上6点20分响起了第一次火警警报，但没有发现火灾。第二次警报在6点43分响起，大火在屋顶被发现。

C) More than € 650 million was raised in a few hours on Tuesday as French business leaders and global corporations announced they would donate to a restoration campaign launched by the president, Emmanuel Macron. But as the. emergency services picked through the burnt debris, a row was resurfacing over accusations that the beloved cathedral, immortalised in Victor Hugo's novel, was already crumbling before the fire.

周二，在几个小时内筹集了超过6.5亿欧元，因为法国商界领袖和全球企业宣布他们将为总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙发起的修复运动捐款。但当紧急服务人员在烧焦的废墟中搜寻时，关于这座受人喜爱的大教堂——在维克多·雨果的小说中永垂不朽——在火灾前就已经破败的指责再次浮出水面。

D) The cathedral is owned by the French state and has been at the centre of a years-long dispute over who should finance restoration work of the collapsing staircases, crumbling statues and cracked walls. Jean Michel Leniaud, the president of the scientific council at the National Heritage Institute, said: "What happened was bound to happen. The lack of adequate maintenance and daily attention to such a majestic building is the cause of this catastrophe." After the blaze was declared completely extinguished, 15 hours after it started, the junior interior minister, Laurent Nunez, said the structure had been saved but remained vulnerable. He praised the actions of the firefighters but admitted the fate of the cathedral had been uncertain. "They saved the main structure, but it all came down to 15-30 minutes," Nunez said.

这座大教堂归法国国家所有，多年来一直围绕谁应该为倒塌的楼梯、破败的雕像和破裂的墙壁的修复工作提供资金而存在争议。国家遗产研究所科学委员会主席让·米歇尔·勒尼奥说：“发生的事情是不可避免的。对如此宏伟的建筑缺乏适当的维护和日常关注是这场灾难的原因。”在大火被宣布完全扑灭后（火灾发生后15小时），内政部副部长洛朗·努涅兹说，结构已被挽救，但仍然脆弱。他赞扬了消防员的行动，但承认大教堂的命运一直不确定。“他们拯救了主要结构，但这一切都取决于15到30分钟，”努涅兹说。

E) In a surprise televised address on Tuesday evening, Macron said he wanted to see the cathedral rebuilt within five years. "The fire at Notre Dame reminds us that we will always have challenges to overcome," Macron said, "Notre Dame is our history, our literature, the centre of our life. It is the standard by which we measure our distances. It's so many books, so many paintings. It's the cathedral of every French person, even those who have never visited it. This history is ours and so we will rebuild Notre Dame. It is what the French people expect; it is what our history deserves. It is our deep destiny. We will rebuild Notre Dame so it is even more beautiful than before. I want it done in the next five years. We can do it. After the time of testing comes a time of reflection and then of action."

在周二晚上的意外电视讲话中，马克龙表示他希望看到大教堂在五年内重建完成。“巴黎圣母院的火灾提醒我们，我们将永远有挑战需要克服，”马克龙说，“巴黎圣母院是我们的历史，我们的文学，我们生活的中心。它是我们衡量距离的标准。它是那么多书，那么多画。它是每个法国人的大教堂，即使那些从未参观过它的人。这段历史是我们的，所以我们将重建巴黎圣母院。这是法国人民的期望；这是我们的历史应得的。这是我们深刻的命运。我们将重建巴黎圣母院，使其比以前更美丽。我希望在未来五年内完成。我们能做到。在考验之后，是反思的时间，然后是行动。”

F) The fire, which had started at the base of the 93-metre spire (尖塔) at about 6:40 pm on Monday, spread through the cathedral's roof, made up of hundreds of oak beams, some dating back to the 13th century. These beams, known as la foret (the forest) because of their density, formed the cross-shaped roof that ran the length of the central part of the cathedral. As hundreds of tourists and Parisians stood and watched the flames leaping from the roof, there was shock and tears as the cathedral spire caught fire, burned and then collapsed into itself.

火灾始于周一晚上6点40分左右，在93米高的尖塔底部蔓延开来，通过大教堂的屋顶传播，屋顶由数百根橡木梁组成，有些可以追溯到13世纪。这些梁由于密度高而被称为“森林”，形成了贯穿大教堂中心部分的十字形屋顶。当数百名游客和巴黎人站立观看火焰从屋顶跃起时，随着大教堂尖塔起火、燃烧然后倒塌，人们感到震惊和流泪。

G) A collection of dramatic videos and photos quickly spread across social media, showing the horrifying destruction, and attracting emotional responses from people all over the world. Indeed, within minutes the fire occupied headlines of every major global newspaper and television network. This is not surprising given Notre Dame Cathedral, meaning "Our Lady", is one of the most recognised symbols of the city of Paris attracting millions of tourists every year.

一系列戏剧性的视频和照片迅速在社交媒体上传播，展示了可怕的破坏，并吸引了全世界人民的情感反应。事实上，几分钟内，这场火灾就占据了全球各大报纸和电视网络的头条。考虑到巴黎圣母院（意为“我们的女士”）是巴黎市最知名的象征之一，每年吸引数百万游客，这并不令人惊讶。

H) While the world looked on, the 500 firefighters at the scene then battled to prevent the flames from reaching the two main towers, where the cathedral bells hang. If the wooden frame of the towers had caught fire, it could have sent the bells-the largest of which, the Emmanuel Bell, weighing 13 tons crashing down, potentially causing the collapse of both towers. Police and fire services will spend the next 48 hours assessing the "security and safety" of the 850-year-old structure. Nunez said: "We have identified vulnerabilities throughout the structure, all of which still need securing." As a result, residents of five buildings around the northern side of the cathedral were being temporarily evacuated, he added. Architects have identified three main holes in the structure, in the locations of the spire, the main hall and the upper rooms to the north of the central aisle. Most of the wooden roof beams have been burned, and parts of the concrete holding up the roof have collapsed.

当全世界都在观看时，现场的500名消防员随后奋力阻止火焰蔓延到挂有大教堂钟的两个主要塔楼。如果塔楼的木框架着火，可能会使钟——其中最大的是重达13吨的伊曼纽尔钟——坠落，可能导致两个塔楼倒塌。警方和消防部门将在接下来的48小时内评估这座有850年历史的结构的“安全与保障”。努涅兹说：“我们已经发现了整个结构的脆弱点，所有这些都需要加固。”因此，他补充说，大教堂北侧周围五栋建筑的居民正在被临时疏散。建筑师已经在结构中发现了三个主要空洞，分别在尖塔、主厅和中央走道北侧的上层房间位置。大多数木制屋顶梁已被烧毁，支撑屋顶的混凝土部分已经倒塌。

I) The interior minister, Christophe Castaner, visited the cathedral on Tuesday afternoon to see the extent of the devastation. Ash covered the marble diamond-patterned floor and floated in large pools of grey water from the fire hoses. Behind a heap of blackened oak beams that lay piled up where they had fallen, daylight from vast holes in the cathedral roof lit a golden cross over a statue by Nicolas Coustou, which appeared to have escaped damage. Preliminary inspections also suggested the three ornate (装饰华丽的) stained glass "rose" windows appeared to have survived the fire, officials said. However, fire officers have said a complete inventory of the damage will not be possible until the cathedral structure has been deemed safe.

内政部长克里斯托夫·卡斯塔纳于周二下午访问了大教堂，以查看破坏程度。灰烬覆盖了大理石菱形图案的地板，并漂浮在消防水管产生的灰色水坑中。在一堆倒塌的变黑的橡木梁后面，从大教堂屋顶的大洞透进来的日光照亮了尼古拉·库斯托雕像上方的一个金色十字架，该雕像似乎幸免于难。初步检查还表明，三个装饰华丽的彩色玻璃“玫瑰”窗似乎在火灾中幸存下来，官员说。然而，消防官员表示，只有在大教堂结构被认定安全后，才能对损害进行完整清点。

J) The culture minister, Franck Riester, said religious relics saved from the cathedral were being securely held at the Hotel de Ville, and works of art that sustained smoke damage were being taken to the Louvre, the world's largest art museum, where they would be dried out, repaired and stored. Sixteen copper statues that decorated the spire had been removed for restoration only a few days before the fire. Relics at the top of the spire are believed lost as the spire was destroyed. As well as damage from the heat, which firefighters said reached more than 800°c, experts also need to assess damage from the vast quantities of water firefighters poured into the cathedral. One casualty of this was The Great Organ constructed in the 1730s, which was said to have escaped the flames but been significantly damaged by water.

文化部长弗兰克·里斯特说，从大教堂抢救出的宗教文物被安全地保存在市政厅，遭受烟熏损害的艺术品正被运往世界上最大的艺术博物馆卢浮宫，在那里它们将被烘干、修复和储存。装饰尖塔的16座铜像在火灾前几天刚刚被移除进行修复。尖塔顶部的文物据信已经丢失，因为尖塔被毁。除了消防员所说的温度超过800°C造成的热量损坏外，专家还需要评估消防员向大教堂注入的大量水造成的损害。其中一个受害者是建于1730年代的大管风琴，据说它逃脱了火焰，但受到水的严重损坏。

K) French political commentators noted the devastating fire had succeeded where Macron had failed in uniting the country. But criticism over the original state of the building is likely to intensify over coming days. Leniaud told La Croix newspaper: "This is not about looking for people to blame. The responsibility is collective because this is the most loved monument in the country." Alexandre Gady, an art historian, agreed. "We've been saying for years that the budget for maintaining historic monuments is too low," Gady said. The Paris prosecutor's office has opened an inquiry into "involuntary destruction by fire", indicating they believe the cause of the blaze was accidental rather than criminal.

法国政治评论员指出，这场毁灭性的火灾在团结国家方面取得了成功，而马克龙未能做到。但对建筑原始状态的批评可能会在未来几天加剧。勒尼奥告诉《十字架》报纸：“这不是关于寻找责任人。责任是集体的，因为这是全国最受喜爱的纪念碑。”艺术史学家亚历山大·加迪同意。“多年来我们一直说维护历史古迹的预算太低，”加迪说。巴黎检察官办公室已经对“非故意纵火破坏”展开调查，表明他们认为火灾的原因是意外而非犯罪。