2024年考研英语一新题型 Part B 原文翻译及答案

Hannah: Simply, there are people in Nigeria who cannot travel to the Smithsonian Institution to see that part of their history and culture represented by the Benin Bronzes. These should be available to them as part of their cultural heritage and history and as a source of national pride. There is no good reason that these artifacts should be beyond the ordinary reach of the educational objectives or inspiration of the generations to which they were left. They serve no purpose in a museum in the United States or elsewhere except as curious objects. They cannot be compared to works of art produced for sale which can be passed from hand to hand and placed by purchase.

汉娜：简而言之，尼日利亚有些人无法前往史密森尼学会观赏代表他们历史和文化的贝宁青铜器。这些文物应当作为他们文化遗产和历史的一部分，以及民族自豪感的来源而对他们开放。没有合理的理由让这些文物超出它们所遗留世代的教育目标或激励的普通范围。它们在美国或其他博物馆中除了作为好奇物品外，别无他用。它们不能与那些为销售而创作、可以转手买卖的美术作品相提并论。

Buck: We know very exact reproductions of artwork can be and are regularly produced. Perhaps museums and governments might explore some role for the use of nearly exact reproductions as a means of resolving issues relating to returning works of art and antiquities. The context of any exhibit is more important to me than whether the object being displayed is 2000 years old or 2 months old. In many cases the experts have a hard time agreeing on what is the real object and what is a forgery. Again, the story an exhibit is trying to tell is what matters. The monetary value of the object on display is a distant second place in importance.

巴克：我们知道，非常精确的艺术品复制品是能够并且经常被制作的。或许博物馆和政府可以探索使用近乎精确的复制品作为解决艺术和文物归还问题的一种手段。对我而言，展览的语境比所展示的物品是2000年前的还是2个月前的更为重要。在许多情况下，专家们难以就什么是真品、什么是赝品达成一致。总之，展览试图讲述的故事才是关键。所展示物品的经济价值在重要性上是远远次要的。

Sara: When visiting the Baltimore Museum of Art, I came across a magnificent 15th-century Chinese sculpture. It inspired me to learn more about the culture that it represented. Artifacts in museums have the power to inspire, and perhaps spark that need to learn and understand the nature of their creators. Having said that, I do feel that whatever artifacts find their way to public museums should, in fact, be sanctioned as having been obtained on loan, legally purchased or obtained by treaty. Stealing artifacts from other peoples' cultures is obscene; it robs not only the physical objects, but the dignity and spirit of their creators.

萨拉：在参观巴尔的摩艺术博物馆时，我偶然发现了一尊壮丽的15世纪中国雕塑。它激发了我更多地去了解它所代表的文化。博物馆中的文物具有激励人心的力量，或许能点燃人们学习和理解其创造者本质的渴望。尽管如此，我认为任何进入公共博物馆的文物，实际上都应被确认是通过借展、合法购买或条约获得的。从其他民族的文化中偷窃文物是可耻的；它不仅掠夺了实物，还掠夺了其创造者的尊严和精神。

Victor: Ancient art that is displayed in foreign countries by all means should be returned to the original country. The foreign countries have no right to hold back returning the items. I would ask that the foreign nations and the original country discuss the terms of transfer. Yes, there is the risk that the original will not have as good security as do the foreign countries. But look at what happened to Boston's Gardner Museum theft in 1990, including the loss of Rembrandt, Vermeer, Manet and other masterpieces. Nothing is absolutely safe anywhere, and now climate change agitators are attacking publicly displayed work in European museums.

维克托：在国外展出的古代艺术品无论如何都应归还原产国。外国无权拖延归还这些物品。我建议外国与原产国讨论转移的条件。是的，存在原产国安全措施不如外国的风险。但看看1990年波士顿加德纳博物馆盗窃案，包括伦勃朗、维米尔、马奈等杰作的丢失。任何地方都没有绝对的安全，而且现在气候变化的激进分子正在攻击欧洲博物馆公开展出的作品。

Julia: To those of you in the comments section who are having strong feelings about artifacts being removed from cities in the US and Britain and returned to their countries of origin, I would ask you to consider: why do you think Americans have more of a right to easily access the Benin Bronzes than people of Nigeria? Why are people who live within a day's drive of London entitled to go and see the Elgin Marbles whenever they want, but the people of Athens aren't? What intrinsic factors make the West a suitable home for these artifacts but preclude them from being preserved and displayed by their countries of origin? If your conclusion is that the West is better able to preserve these artifacts, think about why you're assuming that to be true.

朱莉亚：对于评论区中那些对文物从美国和英国城市移除并归还原产国感到强烈情绪的人，我想请你们思考：为什么你们认为美国人比尼日利亚人更有权轻易接触贝宁青铜器？为什么住在伦敦一天车程内的人有权随时去看埃尔金大理石，而雅典人却不行？是什么内在因素使西方成为这些文物的合适归宿，却阻碍其原产国保存和展示它们？如果你认为西方更能保存这些文物，请思考一下你为什么假设这是真的。