2025年考研英语一新题型 Part B 原文翻译及答案

A) Peters likes to photograph butterflies in a landscape, celebrating the beauty of their surroundings as well as the insects themselves. His pictures of a Glanville fritillary rising from the sea-pinks beside the chalk cliffs of Compton Bay on the Isle of Wight are particularly glorious. These take-off shots are even more challenging because they require a wide-angle lens, which means he must be less than 2cm from the butterfly. It's incredibly difficult to get that close to a skittish, sun-warmed insect. Unlike some photographers, who “cheat” by keeping insects in a fridge to slow them down, Peters refuses to tamper with wild butterflies.

彼得斯喜欢在自然风光中拍摄蝴蝶，既赞美它们的周围环境之美，也展现昆虫本身的魅力。他在怀特岛康普顿湾白垩悬崖旁的海石竹中拍摄的格兰维尔蛱蝶起飞照片尤为壮观。这些起飞镜头更具挑战性，因为它们需要广角镜头，这意味着他必须距离蝴蝶不到2厘米。要如此接近一只易受惊、被阳光晒暖的昆虫极其困难。与一些摄影师通过将昆虫放在冰箱中以减缓其动作来“作弊”不同，彼得斯拒绝干扰野生蝴蝶。

B) Peters' signature shot is a butterfly “take-off”, showing the multiple wing-beats of one butterfly in one frame as it lifts off from a flower. How does he capture it? Technology helps. A typical digital SLR camera shoots 20 frames a second. He uses a high-speed OM System which shoots 120 frames a second.

彼得斯的标志性镜头是蝴蝶“起飞”，在一帧画面中展示一只蝴蝶从花朵上起飞时的多次振翅。他是如何捕捉的？技术提供了帮助。一台典型的数码单反相机每秒拍摄20帧。他使用高速OM系统，每秒拍摄120帧。

C) Britain has relatively few butterfly species compared with mainland Europe and 80% are in decline, mostly because intensive chemical farming has reduced many species to tiny fragments of habitat and small nature reserves. Global heating is benefiting some species but others are too isolated to find suitable new habitat, and gardening habits-paving over gardens and using pesticides-aren't helping either. Butterflies may not pollinate as many plants as wild bees and hoverflies, but because British butterflies are the best-studied group of insects in the world, they are an extremely useful indicator of the wider declines in flying insects.

与欧洲大陆相比，英国的蝴蝶种类相对较少，且80%的种类正在减少，主要因为集约化化学农业已将许多种类压缩到微小的栖息地碎片和小型自然保护区中。全球变暖使一些种类受益，但其他种类过于孤立，无法找到合适的新栖息地，而园艺习惯——如将花园铺上硬质地面和使用农药——也无济于事。蝴蝶可能不像野蜂和食蚜蝇那样为多种植物授粉，但由于英国蝴蝶是世界上研究最深入的昆虫类群，它们是飞行昆虫更广泛衰退的一个极其有用的指标。

D) Five years ago, at summer's end, Andrew Fusek Peters was diagnosed with bowel cancer. “I was waiting for surgery, feeling really ill, sitting in my garden. It was amazing weather and there were painted lady butterflies everywhere,” he says. “They were a symbol of fragile life, of hope and defiance, and something appealed to my soul.”

五年前，在夏末，安德鲁·富塞克·彼得斯被诊断出患有肠癌。“我正在等待手术，感觉非常难受，坐在我的花园里。天气极好，到处都是小苎麻赤蛱蝶，”他说。“它们象征着脆弱的生命、希望和反抗，某种东西触动了我的灵魂。”

E) That makes it sound easy, and artificial, but Peters insists it is still a massive challenge. He typically takes between 10,000 and 20,000 shots to get one butterfly take-off sequence in focus. At such high shutter speeds, the depth of field is tiny, and as butterflies do not fly in a straight line they swiftly flutter out of focus. As well as thousands of attempts, it takes patience and fieldcraft to anticipate a butterfly's likely flight-line-and catch it-in focus.

这听起来容易且人工化，但彼得斯坚称这仍然是一个巨大的挑战。他通常拍摄10,000到20,000张照片，才能获得一个聚焦清晰的蝴蝶起飞序列。在如此高的快门速度下，景深非常小，而且蝴蝶不会直线飞行，它们会迅速飞出焦点。除了数千次尝试，还需要耐心和实地技巧来预测蝴蝶可能的飞行路线，并将其清晰捕捉。

F) So what's the appeal of a long, sweaty day in pursuit of an elusive, fast-moving wild animal? “It just feels bloody brilliant,” says Peters. “If I've had a full day of good encounters with butterflies, met interesting butterfly people and I've got some good shots, that becomes a vault in my spiritual bank. It's a happy feeling.”

那么，花一整天时间追逐一只难以捉摸、快速移动的野生动物有什么吸引力呢？“感觉棒极了，”彼得斯说。“如果我一整天都与蝴蝶有良好的邂逅，遇到了有趣的蝴蝶爱好者，并且拍到了一些好照片，那就会成为我精神银行中的一个金库。这是一种幸福的感觉。”

G) A children's author and poet who had become a keen amateur photographer, Peters watched the butterflies and idly wondered if he could capture them in flight. It swiftly became an obsession as he recovered from a successful operation to remove the cancer. In recent summers, he has travelled the length and breadth of Britain to photograph all 58 native species of butterfly. Now the fruits of those summers have been published in a beautiful new book.

作为一名儿童作家和诗人，后来成为热衷的业余摄影师，彼得斯观察蝴蝶，随意地想是否能在飞行中捕捉它们。在他从成功的癌症切除手术中恢复时，这迅速成为一种痴迷。近年来夏天，他走遍英国各地，拍摄了所有58种本土蝴蝶。现在，这些夏天的成果已经以一本精美的新书出版。

H) A butterfly takes off so quickly it is still impossible to react quickly enough to capture that take-off but if he half-presses the shutter, the camera saves the 70 previous frames before the moment he actually takes the picture. “It's time travel, so I don't miss the moment of take-off,” he says. After he's captured the butterfly taking off, he layers 10 to 15 frames together in Photoshop.

蝴蝶起飞如此之快，仍然不可能反应足够快以捕捉到起飞瞬间，但如果他半按快门，相机会在拍摄瞬间前保存70帧之前的画面。“这就像时间旅行，所以我不会错过起飞时刻，”他说。在捕捉到蝴蝶起飞后，他在Photoshop中将10到15帧叠加在一起。