2026年考研英语二新题型 Part B 原文翻译及答案

In an effort to support restoration programmes, specialists are developing supplies of seeds and seedlings, maintaining gene banks and sequencing the genomes of indigenous trees and other crops. Their work deals with one of the problems that could block major restoration efforts in different parts of the world.

为了支持恢复计划，专家们正在开发种子和幼苗的供应，维护基因库，并对本土树木和其他作物的基因组进行测序。他们的工作应对了可能阻碍世界不同地区大规模恢复努力的问题之一。

“Where's the planting material going to come from? That's one big bottleneck,” says genetic-resources specialist Ramni Jamnadass.

"种植材料将从何而来？这是一个巨大的瓶颈，"遗传资源专家拉姆尼·贾姆纳达斯说。

Asia is arguably the region most neglected by global efforts to increase diversity in restoration and to study native species. Christopher Kettle, Bioversity International's director for forest genetic resources and restoration in Rome, says that the need for infrastructure—things such as mechanisms for collecting and storing seeds, and nurseries to raise seedlings—might be most desperate here because many trees are 'masting' species, which don't produce seeds every year. People need to be ready. “Otherwise, you miss the boat, you lose all the seed and you've got to wait another seven years,” says Kettle. “This is a really, really critical issue for restoration in Southeast Asia, because many of the most important timber species and tree species -the ones that will lock up the most carbon-they're all masting species.”

亚洲可以说是全球努力增加恢复多样性和研究本土物种中最被忽视的地区。国际生物多样性罗马办事处的森林遗传资源与恢复主任克里斯托弗·凯特尔表示，对基础设施的需求——如收集和储存种子的机制以及培育幼苗的苗圃——在这里可能最为迫切，因为许多树木是'结籽'物种，它们不是每年都会结籽。人们需要做好准备。"否则，你会错过机会，失去所有种子，不得不再等七年，"凯特尔说。"这对东南亚的恢复来说是一个非常、非常关键的问题，因为许多最重要的木材和树木物种——那些将锁定最多碳的物种——它们都是结籽物种。"

Climate change is a driving factor in the push to restore forests, but it also raises questions, such as where trees can thrive in the future. Climate change is also expected to alter relationships between trees, insects, diseases and other forest species. “Insects that today are a minor problem may become a major problem if they can produce three or four generations in a year,” says forest ecologist John Stanturf. This remains a significant knowledge gap. “We know enough to know that this is a concern, but we don't know enough about how to respond to it yet. That's a great area to be doing research,” says Cindy Prescott, a forest ecologist at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver. “If you don't look at the soil at the start, you can spend a lot of money and time putting in species that aren't going to survive there.”

气候变化是推动森林恢复的一个驱动因素，但它也提出了问题，比如树木未来在哪里能够茁壮成长。气候变化还预计会改变树木、昆虫、疾病和其他森林物种之间的关系。"今天还是小问题的昆虫，如果它们一年能繁殖三到四代，就可能成为大问题，"森林生态学家约翰·斯坦特夫说。这仍然是一个重要的知识缺口。"我们知道这足够成为一个担忧，但我们还不知道如何应对它。这是一个进行研究的好领域，"温哥华不列颠哥伦比亚大学的森林生态学家辛迪·普雷斯科特说。"如果你一开始不查看土壤，你可能会花费大量金钱和时间引入无法在那里生存的物种。"

The question can have more than one answer. Much of the global funding for restoration is dedicated to developing it as a tool to mitigate climate change, notes restoration ecologist Pedro Brancalion. “But if you ask a farmer in Brazil if he or she is concerned about climate change, they would say, No. I am concerned about water,” he says. Their interests as stewards of the land need to be better integrated with those who have the money to support restoration.

这个问题可能有不止一个答案。恢复生态学家佩德罗·布兰卡利昂指出，全球用于恢复的大部分资金致力于将其发展为减缓气候变化的工具。"但如果你问巴西的农民是否关心气候变化，他们会说，不。我关心的是水，"他说。他们作为土地管理者的利益需要更好地与那些有钱支持恢复的人的利益相结合。

That has been the strongest lesson of all for Robin Chazdon, a forest ecologist at the University of Connecticut. Restoration is about more than what gets planted in the ground, she says. “Yes, it's about forests, but it's really about people. They are the agents of restoration.”

对康涅狄格大学的森林生态学家罗宾·查兹顿来说，这是最深刻的教训。她说，恢复不仅仅是关于种在地上什么。"是的，它关于森林，但它真正关于的是人。他们是恢复的推动者。"