2017年12月四级第2套选词填空原文翻译及答案解析

Technological changes brought dramatic new options to Americans living in the 1990s. During this decade new forms of entertainment, commerce, research, and communication became commonplace in the U. S. The driving force behind much of this change was a(n) __26__ popularly known as the Internet.

技术变革为生活在20世纪90年代的美国人带来了巨大的新选择。在这十年间，新的娱乐、商业、研究和通信形式在美国变得司空见惯。推动这一变革的主要动力是一项广为人知的创新——互联网。

The Internet was developed during the 1970s by the Department of Defense. In the case of an attack, military advisers suggested the __27__ of being able to operate one computer from another terminal. In the early days, the Internet was used mainly by scientists to communicate with other scientists. The Internet __28__ under government control until 1984.

互联网是在20世纪70年代由国防部开发的。在遭受攻击的情况下，军事顾问提出了能够从另一个终端操作计算机的优势。早期，互联网主要用于科学家之间的交流。互联网一直由政府控制，直到1984年。

One early problem faced by Internet users was speed. Phone lines could only transmit information at a __29__ rate. The development of fiber-optic(光纤) cables allowed for billions of bits of information to be received every minute. Companies like Intel developed faster microprocessors, so personal computers could process the __30__ signals at a more rapid rate.

互联网用户面临的一个早期问题是速度。电话线只能以有限的速率传输信息。光纤电缆的发展使得每分钟可以接收数十亿比特的信息。像英特尔这样的公司开发了更快的微处理器，因此个人电脑能够以更快速度处理传入的信号。

In the early 1990s, the World Wide Web was developed, in large part, for __31__ purposes. Corporations created home pages where they could place text and graphics to sell products. Soon airline tickets, hotel __32__, and even cars and homes could be purchased online. Universities __33__ research data on the Internet, so students could find __34__ information without leaving their dormitories. Companies soon discovered that work could be done at home and __35__ online, so a whole new class of telecommuters began to earn a living from home offices unshaven and wearing pajamas (睡衣).

在20世纪90年代初，万维网在很大程度上是为了商业目的而开发的。公司创建主页，在其中放置文本和图形来销售产品。很快，机票、酒店预订，甚至汽车和房屋都可以在线购买。大学将研究数据发布在互联网上，因此学生无需离开宿舍就能找到有价值的信息。公司很快发现工作可以在家完成并在线提交，因此一整类新的远程工作者开始在家办公，不修边幅地穿着睡衣谋生。