2024年06月四级第3套选词填空原文翻译及答案解析

Over the coming decades, millions of jobs will be threatened by robotics and artificial intelligence. Despite intensive academic __26__ on these developments, there has been little study on how workers __27__ to being replaced through technology.

在未来几十年里，数百万个工作岗位将受到机器人技术和人工智能的威胁。尽管这些发展引发了密集的学术辩论，但对工人如何对被技术取代做出反应的研究却很少。

To find out, business researchers at TUM and Erasmus University Rotterdam conducted 11 studies and surveys with over 2,000 persons from several countries.

为了找出答案，TUM和鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学的商业研究人员进行了11项研究和调查，涉及来自多个国家的2,000多人。

The findings show: In principle, most people view it more __28__ when workers are replaced by other people than by robots or intelligent software. This preference __29__, however, when it refers to people's own jobs. When that is the case, the majority of workers find it less upsetting to see their own jobs go to robots than to other employees. In the long term, however, the same people see machines as more threatening to their future role in the workforce. These effects can also be observed among people who have recently become unemployed.

研究结果表明：原则上，当工人被其他人取代时，大多数人比被机器人或智能软件取代时更持肯定态度。然而，当涉及自己的工作时，这种偏好会发生逆转。在这种情况下，大多数工人发现自己的工作被机器人取代比被其他员工取代更不令人沮丧。然而，从长远来看，同样的人认为机器对他们未来在劳动力中的角色更具威胁。这些效应在最近失业的人群中也可以观察到。

The researchers were able to identify the causes behind these __30__ paradoxical results, too: People tend to __31__ themselves less with machines than with other people. Consequently, being replaced by a robot or software __32__ less of a threat to their feeling of self-worth. This reduced self-threat could even be observed when participants assumed that they were being replaced by other employees who relied on technological abilities such as artificial intelligence in their work.

研究人员也能找出这些干扰性矛盾结果背后的原因：人们倾向于与机器相比，较少地与其他人进行自我比较。因此，被机器人或软件取代对他们的自我价值感威胁较小。即使参与者假设自己是被依赖人工智能等技术能力工作的其他员工取代，这种减少的自我威胁也可以观察到。

"Even when unemployment results from the __33__ of new technologies, people still judge it in a social context," says Christoph Fuchs, one of the authors of the study. "It is important to understand these __34__ effects when trying to manage the massive changes in the working world to minimize __35__ in society."

“即使失业是由新技术的引入造成的，人们仍然在社会背景下评判它，”该研究的作者之一克里斯托夫·富克斯说。“在试图管理工作领域的巨大变化以最小化社会中看似的影响时，理解这些心理效应很重要。”