2024年06月四级第1套选词填空原文翻译及答案解析

It's well known that physical exercise is beneficial not just to physical health but also to mental health. Yet whereas most countries have __26__, evidence-backed guidelines on the type and intensity of exercise __27__ for various physical health benefits, such guidelines do not yet exist for exercise and mood.

众所周知，体育锻炼不仅对身体健康有益，而且对心理健康也有益。然而，尽管大多数国家都有关于不同类型和强度的锻炼对身体健康益处的详细、基于证据的指导方针，但关于锻炼与情绪的此类指导方针尚未存在。

This is __28__ due to a lack of necessary evidence. However, a new systematic review brings us usefully up-to-date on the current findings in this area.

这部分是由于缺乏必要的证据。然而，一项新的系统综述使我们及时了解到该领域的最新发现。

Before __29__ into some of the key take-aways, an important __30__ made in the review is between aerobic exercise and anaerobic. The former __31__ such things as walking, jogging and cycling and means exercising in such a way that your body is able to use oxygen to burn fat for energy. In contrast, anaerobic exercise—such as lifting heavy weights—is of such __32__ intensity that your body does not have time to use oxygen to create energy and so instead it breaks down glucose (葡萄糖) in your blood or muscles.

在深入探讨一些关键要点之前，综述中一个重要的区分是有氧运动和无氧运动。前者包括散步、慢跑和骑自行车等，意味着以一种身体能够使用氧气燃烧脂肪来获取能量的方式进行锻炼。相比之下，无氧运动——如举重——强度非常大，以至于身体没有时间使用氧气来产生能量，因此转而分解血液或肌肉中的葡萄糖。

Beginning first with the influence of exercise intensity on the mood benefits of aerobic exercise, the researchers, led by John Chan at Shenzhen University, found __33__ results from 19 relevant studies. Some favoured higher intensity, others low, while seven studies found that intensity made no __34__ to mood benefits.

首先从锻炼强度对有氧运动情绪益处的影响来看，由深圳大学John Chan领导的研究人员从19项相关研究中发现了矛盾的结果。一些研究倾向于高强度，另一些倾向于低强度，而七项研究发现强度对情绪益处没有影响。

In relation to the intensity of anaerobic exercise, however, the results were far clearer— the optimum (最佳选择) for improving mood is __35__ intensity, perhaps because low intensity is too dull while high intensity is too unpleasant.

然而，关于无氧运动的强度，结果要清晰得多——改善情绪的最佳选择是中等强度，可能是因为低强度太无聊而高强度太不愉快。