2023年06月六级第3套听力原文及答案解析

Conversation 1

对话一

M: Have you decided what you wish to study?

你想好要学什么了吗？

F: Yes, Professor.

想好了，教授。

F: I wish to study architecture.

我想学建筑学。

M: Ah, that's a wonderful profession.

啊，那是个很棒的职业。

M: Why did you choose it?

你为什么选择它？

F: I gave a lot of thought to things you said during our last discussion, and I decided architecture made the most sense for me.

我认真思考了上次讨论时您说的那些话，最后认定建筑学对我来说最合适。

F: In particular, I'm attracted to the marriage of design and engineering.

尤其是，我被设计与工程的结合所吸引。

M: That's great, but I seem to remember you were preoccupied with all the lofty mathematics.

很好，不过我记得你之前一直担心那些高深的数学。

M: You no longer think this aspect will be too hard for you?

你现在不觉得这方面对你来说太难了吗？

F: No, I was doing some online research, and I think I should be able to manage.

不觉得了，我在网上查了些资料，我想我应该能应付得来。

F: Math might be the toughest subject I encounter in the curriculum, but I'll simply put in the work required.

数学可能是课程中我会遇到的最难的科目，但我就是肯下所需要的功夫。

F: I'm certain the fruits of my labour will pay off.

我相信我的付出会有回报。

M: I'm sure that's true.

我相信确实如此。

M: Due to its material nature, architecture is one field where you'll be able to clearly witness the contribution you make to a city, and the legacies you build will last much longer than any of us mortals.

由于建筑具有实体性，在这个领域里你能清楚地看到自己对一座城市的贡献，而你所留下的作品会比我们这些凡人存在得久远得多。

F: Yeah, I guess that's true too.

是啊，我想这话也没错。

F: So what subjects do you think I should start brushing up on in preparation?

那您觉得我该先温习哪些科目来做准备呢？

F: I have the whole summer.

我有一整个暑假。

M: These days, architecture is a very diverse and dynamic degree.

如今建筑学是一个非常多元、非常有活力的专业。

M: Most universities will encourage you to learn different things from fields as wide-ranging as philosophy and economics.

大多数大学都会鼓励你去学习哲学、经济学等各种不同领域的知识。

M: Nevertheless, I would suggest you start with computer science, because there will be many intricate visuals you will have to produce as part of your projects.

不过，我建议你从计算机科学入手，因为你在做项目时需要制作大量复杂的视觉图形。

F: Any software in particular you think I should start with?

您觉得我应该先从哪个软件学起？

M: Photoshop is a good place.

Photoshop 是个不错的起点。

M: If you aren't yet, try to become as proficient as you can with it.

如果你还不熟练，就尽量把它练到精通。

M: And another thing that I would recommend you learn as much as you can is fine arts.

另外我还建议你尽可能多学一些美术方面的知识。

M: In particular, the history of Western art.

尤其是西方艺术史。

Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题 1 至 4 基于你刚听到的对话。

Question 1.

问题 1。

Why does the woman wish to study architecture?

女士为什么想学建筑学？

Question 2.

问题 2。

How does the woman say she will overcome the difficulty in learning mathematics?

女士说她将如何克服学习数学的困难？

Question 3.

问题 3。

What does the man say about architects' contribution to a city?

关于建筑师对城市的贡献，男士说了什么？

Question 4.

问题 4。

What subject does the man suggest the woman start with?

男士建议女士从哪门科目学起？

Conversation 2

对话二

F: So as I mentioned over the phone, we are looking for someone who is very discreet.

正如我在电话里提到的，我们要找一个非常谨慎的人。

F: I can't stress this enough.

这一点我怎么强调都不为过。

M: I fully understand.

我完全理解。

F: As we all know, being such a famous football player at Real Madrid, Mr. Sanchez has a very high public profile.

众所周知，作为皇家马德里队一位如此著名的球员，桑切斯先生的公众知名度非常高。

F: This means he cannot leave the house without being recognized and harassed.

这意味着他一出门就会被人认出来并受到骚扰。

M: Yes, I completely understand how imperative it would be to respect Mr. Sanchez's private life.

是的，我完全明白尊重桑切斯先生私生活有多么重要。

F: Good.

很好。

F: As his personal assistant, you would be required to run common, everyday chores for Mr. Sanchez, things he cannot do himself due to his fame, like going to the supermarket or post office.

作为他的私人助理，你需要为桑切斯先生跑一些日常琐事，也就是他因为名气太大而无法自己去做的事，比如去超市或邮局。

F: So, while at first sight it may appear that working for a celebrity is very glamorous, nothing could be further from the truth.

所以，尽管乍看之下为名人工作似乎光鲜亮丽，但事实远非如此。

F: I'm telling you this so that you don't get any false expectations of what the job has to offer you.

我把这些告诉你，是为了让你不要对这份工作抱有不切实际的期待。

M: Thanks.

谢谢。

M: I understand this too.

这一点我也明白。

M: This is my first job after graduating from university, so frankly I don't have much prior working experience.

这是我大学毕业后的第一份工作，坦白说我没有多少以往的工作经验。

M: I am however very excited about the prospect of joining this company and very keen to start from the bottom in whatever capacity I may be of use.

不过我对加入贵公司这件事非常期待，也很愿意从底层做起，在任何我能派上用场的岗位上工作。

F: That's good to hear.

很高兴听你这么说。

F: You sound very energetic.

你听起来很有干劲。

F: Tell me, why do you think you are well suited for this job?

告诉我，你为什么认为自己很适合这份工作？

M: Well firstly, I love football.

首先，我热爱足球。

M: I'm a lifelong Real Madrid supporter and go to their games every weekend I can.

我是皇家马德里的终身球迷，只要有可能，每个周末都会去看他们的比赛。

M: I would simply love to have a job where I'm involved in some capacity with Real Madrid, regardless of the position and salary.

我非常想有一份能以某种方式与皇马产生联系的工作，不论职位和薪水如何。

M: And secondly, I think what this company does in sports consultancy is very cool and I think my language skills could prove very useful down the road.

其次，我觉得贵公司在体育咨询方面所做的事情非常棒，而且我认为我的语言能力今后会很有用。

F: Please tell me more about your language skills.

请再多讲讲你的语言能力。

M: I am fully fluent in English and Spanish and have a working proficiency in French.

我英语和西班牙语都非常流利，法语也达到了工作所需的水平。

Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

问题 5 至 8 基于你刚听到的对话。

Question 5.

问题 5。

What do we learn from the conversation about Mr. Sanchez?

从对话中我们了解到关于桑切斯先生的什么信息？

Question 6.

问题 6。

What will the man do if he gets the job?

如果男士得到这份工作，他将做什么？

Question 7.

问题 7。

What does the man say about himself?

男士谈到自己时说了什么？

Question 8.

问题 8。

Why does the man think he is a very competitive candidate?

男士为什么认为自己是很有竞争力的应聘者？

Passage 1.

短文一。

Sports like rock climbing, surfing, skiing and mountain biking thus have lots of appeal.

因此，攀岩、冲浪、滑雪和山地自行车这类运动很有吸引力。

They don't have many of the rules and pressures of traditional team sports, but they still have all the benefits of outdoor physical activity.

它们没有传统团队运动那么多的规则和压力，却同样具备户外体育活动的全部益处。

When properly supervised, extreme sports can be a part of a healthy, balanced life.

在得到恰当监督的情况下，极限运动可以成为健康、均衡生活的一部分。

Some adventure sports may be associated with high risks of injury, so it's important for kids to figure out when to take risks and when not to.

有些冒险运动可能伴随较高的受伤风险，因此孩子们弄清楚何时该冒险、何时不该冒险很重要。

Risk-free activities deprive kids of the opportunity to test themselves and overcome their fears.

毫无风险的活动会剥夺孩子考验自己、克服恐惧的机会。

But to some, these very risks are what makes these sports a bad choice.

但在一些人看来，正是这些风险使这类运动成为糟糕的选择。

They say that extreme sports can often lead to devastating injuries, especially as young thrill seekers may attempt feats that are too advanced for them.

他们说极限运动常常会导致严重的伤害，尤其是年轻的刺激追求者可能会尝试超出自己能力的高难度动作。

But let's be real.

但我们现实一点。

Most kids do all kinds of dangerous stuff whether you want them to or not.

不管你愿不愿意，大多数孩子都会去做各种危险的事。

Adventure sports have many of the same risks and dangers, but they have an additional sense of adventure, courage and autonomy that is important to foster in young children.

冒险运动有许多同样的风险和危险，但它们还额外带来冒险精神、勇气和自主性，而这些正是幼儿身上需要培养的。

As always, it's up to parents to decide what's best for their kids.

一如既往，什么对孩子最好要由家长来决定。

But if you do decide that adventure sports are a bit too much, do try to introduce other forms of outdoor adventures into their lives.

但如果你确实认为冒险运动有点过头了，那就务必尝试把其他形式的户外冒险引入他们的生活。

Camping under the stars, fishing, stargazing or even just playing in the woods can help a lot in building the same sense of self-confidence and risk-taking as in adventure sports.

露天野营、钓鱼、观星，甚至只是在树林里玩耍，都能极大地帮助孩子建立起与冒险运动同样的自信心和冒险意识。

Question 9.

问题 9。

Why do extreme sports appeal to many kids?

极限运动为什么吸引许多孩子？

Question 10.

问题 10。

What does the speaker say about risk-free activities?

关于毫无风险的活动，说话者说了什么？

Question 11.

问题 11。

What should parents do if they decide adventure sports are a bit too much for their kids?

如果家长认为冒险运动对孩子来说有点过头，他们该怎么做？

Passage 2.

短文二。

The shiny gadgets of today will be waste tomorrow.

今天光鲜亮丽的电子产品，明天就会变成垃圾。

Manufacturers don't talk much about this when they announce the big new thing that will replace your mostly just as good old thing.

厂商在发布那些用来取代你手中其实同样好用的旧产品的新品时，对此几乎只字不提。

In fact, technology firms often purposely design devices that will not last long and cannot be repaired, so that consumers will have to spend their money on a new one.

事实上，科技公司常常故意把设备设计成寿命不长且无法维修，这样消费者就不得不掏钱买新的。

This year, the French government began requiring tech manufacturers to list a repairability score.

今年，法国政府开始要求科技厂商标注可维修性评分。

If a device can be repaired, then its life can be extended, saving consumers money and the planet the burden of so many trashed gadgets.

如果一台设备可以维修，它的寿命就能延长，既为消费者省钱，也让地球免于承受如此多废弃电子产品的负担。

Equipped with this knowledge, consumers can make better choices about which products to buy.

掌握了这些信息，消费者就能更好地选择该买哪些产品。

Some 59 million tons of old TVs, computers, screens, smartphones, washers and other electronics are discarded every year.

每年约有 5900 万吨废旧电视、电脑、显示屏、智能手机、洗衣机等电子产品被丢弃。

This waste is dangerous.

这些垃圾很危险。

Batteries explode in recycling facilities.

电池会在回收设施中爆炸。

Toxic substances like mercury leak into soil and groundwater and disperse in the air.

汞等有毒物质会渗入土壤和地下水，并扩散到空气中。

Manufacturing flat screens adds greenhouse gases to the atmosphere.

制造平板显示屏会向大气中排放温室气体。

We need tech companies to take the lead to solve this problem.

我们需要科技公司带头解决这个问题。

If they won't, governments must make them do so.

如果它们不愿意，政府就必须迫使它们这样做。

Although tech companies will often speak of environmental sustainability, many lobby against repair legislation, fearful it will eat into their profits.

尽管科技公司常把环境可持续性挂在嘴边，许多公司却在游说反对维修立法，担心这会侵蚀它们的利润。

Sustainability matters, but marketable design appears to matter more to these companies.

可持续性固然重要，但对这些公司来说，好卖的设计似乎更重要。

Consumers should support right to repair legislation.

消费者应当支持维修权立法。

In this world, damage is a certainty, but we cannot leave things broken.

在这个世界上，损坏是必然的，但我们不能任由东西一直坏着。

A problem of our creation is a problem that can be fixed.

我们自己造成的问题，是可以解决的问题。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题 12 至 15 基于你刚听到的短文。

Question 12.

问题 12。

Why do new tech products soon become waste?

新的科技产品为什么很快就变成垃圾？

Question 13.

问题 13。

What did the French government require tech companies to do to help consumers make better choices?

为帮助消费者做出更好的选择，法国政府要求科技公司做什么？

Question 14.

问题 14。

What should tech companies do to help ensure environmental sustainability?

为帮助确保环境可持续性，科技公司应当做什么？

Question 15.

问题 15。

What does the speaker think of the problem of waste?

说话者如何看待垃圾问题？

Recording 1.

录音一。

On average, US workers spend about 10% of their workday surfing the internet, emailing friends or shopping online.

美国员工平均把大约百分之十的工作时间花在上网、给朋友发邮件或网购上。

This behaviour, called cyberloafing, is believed to cost employers up to $85 billion a year in lost productivity.

这种被称为「网络摸鱼」的行为，据信每年让雇主损失高达 850 亿美元的生产力。

The majority of cyberloafing research focuses on ways to prevent employees from engaging in this behaviour through interventions such as internet monitoring and computer use policies.

大多数关于网络摸鱼的研究，关注的是如何通过网络监控、电脑使用规定等干预手段来阻止员工做出这种行为。

But it turns out such behaviour may not be a sign that a worker is lazy or just wasting time.

但事实表明，这种行为未必说明员工懒惰或只是在浪费时间。

Social media use at work has been linked to higher levels of employee engagement and job satisfaction.

工作中使用社交媒体已被发现与更高的员工投入度和工作满意度相关。

New research suggests cyberloafing could help workers cope with an exceptionally stressful work environment.

新的研究表明，网络摸鱼可能有助于员工应对压力极大的工作环境。

But is cyberloafing actually effective at reducing employee stress levels?

但网络摸鱼真的能有效降低员工的压力水平吗？

That's the question my research team wanted to answer in our new study.

这正是我的研究团队在新研究中想要回答的问题。

Our hypothesis was that cyberloafing may serve as a mini break, giving employees an opportunity to recover from stressful work situations.

我们的假设是，网络摸鱼可以充当一种短暂的休息，让员工有机会从压力大的工作情境中恢复过来。

To test this, we asked workers to complete an online survey and rank how much time they spent cyberloafing, checking non-work emails and shopping.

为了验证这一点，我们请员工填写一份在线问卷，对自己花在网络摸鱼、查看非工作邮件和购物上的时间进行评估。

We also asked them to rank job satisfaction, their desire to quit and how often they've experienced mistreatment at work, such as being bullied, threatened or yelled at.

我们还请他们对工作满意度、离职意愿以及在职场遭受不公对待（比如被欺负、威胁或呵斥）的频率进行评分。

As you might expect, we found that overall, more mistreatment at work was correlated with lower levels of job satisfaction and a greater desire to quit.

正如你可能预料到的，我们发现总体而言，职场中遭受的不公对待越多，工作满意度越低，离职意愿越强。

More interestingly, we found that cyberloafing effectively buffered this connection.

更有意思的是，我们发现网络摸鱼有效地缓冲了这种关联。

That is, mistreated workers who spent more time surfing the web and checking emails reported higher job satisfaction and were less likely to want to quit than similar participants who didn't cyberloaf as much.

也就是说，与摸鱼较少的同类参与者相比，那些遭受不公对待但花更多时间上网和查邮件的员工，工作满意度更高，离职意愿也更低。

This suggests that cyberloafing acts as a sort of relief valve for workers, helping them recover from stressful experiences.

这表明网络摸鱼对员工而言相当于一个减压阀，帮助他们从有压力的经历中恢复。

While we did not directly assess how cyberloafing affects worker performance, we believe by relieving stress, it may not only reduce worker turnover but also ultimately bolster productivity.

虽然我们没有直接评估网络摸鱼如何影响员工绩效，但我们认为，通过缓解压力，它不仅可能降低员工流失率，最终还可能提升生产率。

This fits with other recent research that suggests taking short breaks is associated with higher levels of daily job performance.

这与近期另一些研究的结论一致：短暂休息与更高的日常工作绩效相关。

That isn't to say cyberloafing is always good.

这并不是说网络摸鱼总是好事。

Too much time spent on non-work activities likely causes performance to suffer.

在非工作活动上花太多时间很可能会损害绩效。

All in all, managers should be more lenient with employees.

总的来说，管理者对员工应当更宽容一些。

We believe a bit of online shopping or surfing the internet at work could make workers more productive in the long run.

我们认为，在工作中稍微网购或上上网，从长远看能让员工更有效率。

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.

问题 16 至 18 基于你刚听到的录音。

Question 16.

问题 16。

What does most cyberloafing research focus on?

大多数关于网络摸鱼的研究关注什么？

Question 17.

问题 17。

What was the hypothesis of the speaker's research team?

说话者研究团队的假设是什么？

Question 18.

问题 18。

On what point do the results of the speaker's study agree with other recent research?

说话者研究的结果在哪一点上与近期其他研究一致？

Recording 2.

录音二。

When Julius Morton moved to Nebraska City in 1854, he faced a problem shared by many settlers in the territory.

1854 年朱利叶斯·莫顿搬到内布拉斯加城时，他面临着该地区许多定居者共同的问题。

It was a treeless plain.

那是一片没有树木的平原。

That meant no trees for building materials, or for fuel.

这意味着没有树木可作建筑材料，也没有树木可作燃料。

But Morton was one of the world's first conservationists, stating, For prosperity, we ought to plant as many forests as we have exhausted and consumed.

但莫顿是世界上最早的环保主义者之一，他表示：为了繁荣，我们消耗掉多少森林，就应当种回多少森林。

So he started planting trees, beginning with his own land.

于是他开始种树，先从自己的土地种起。

By 1860, Morton possessed a forest of more than 300 trees.

到 1860 年，莫顿已拥有一片三百多棵树的树林。

A few years later, he had more than 1,000.

几年之后，他种下的树超过了一千棵。

As the forests grew, so did Morton's influence in Nebraska.

随着林木不断长大，莫顿在内布拉斯加州的影响力也随之增长。

This was largely because Morton founded the Nebraska City News, the state's first newspaper, in which he frequently wrote editorials about the practical and aesthetic benefits of tree planting.

这在很大程度上是因为莫顿创办了该州第一份报纸《内布拉斯加城新闻报》，并经常在报上撰写社论，阐述植树在实用和审美方面的好处。

He also organized the Nebraska State Gardening Society and served on the Nebraska State Board of Agriculture.

他还组建了内布拉斯加州园艺协会，并在该州农业委员会任职。

While serving on the board, Morton came up with an idea to spread his belief in tree planting statewide.

在委员会任职期间，莫顿想出了一个把植树理念推广到全州的办法。

On January 4, 1872, Morton drafted a resolution that April 10 be designated Day for the Planting of Trees in the State of Nebraska, and urged people to go out and plant trees themselves.

1872 年 1 月 4 日，莫顿起草了一项决议，提议将 4 月 10 日定为内布拉斯加州植树日，并号召人们走出家门亲手植树。

Morton called the special event Arbor Day, as arbor is Latin for tree.

莫顿把这个特别的日子称为 Arbor Day，因为 arbor 在拉丁语中意为「树」。

The state government agreed, and on April 10, 1872, the first unofficial Arbor Day was celebrated throughout Nebraska.

州政府表示同意，1872 年 4 月 10 日，第一个非官方的植树节在内布拉斯加州各地举行。

Prizes were awarded to counties, cities, and individuals who planted the largest number of trees.

植树数量最多的县、市和个人都获得了奖励。

That day, an astounding 1 million trees were planted in Nebraska, an average of more than six for every man, woman, and child in the state.

那一天，内布拉斯加州种下了惊人的一百万棵树，相当于全州每位男女老少平均种了六棵以上。

Since 1885, Nebraska has planted more than 700,000 acres of trees, earning it the nickname the Tree Planter's State.

自 1885 年以来，内布拉斯加州已植树逾七十万英亩，因而获得了「植树者之州」的绰号。

Arbor Day became a legal civic holiday in the state in 1885.

1885 年，植树节成为该州法定的公民假日。

It was held on April 22, Julius Morton's birthday.

节日定在 4 月 22 日，也就是朱利叶斯·莫顿的生日。

In addition to a parade in Nebraska City, Morton introduced what has since become a long-standing Arbor Day tradition.

除了在内布拉斯加城举行游行外，莫顿还开创了一项此后长期延续的植树节传统。

Schoolchildren went outside and planted trees together.

学童们走到户外，一起种树。

In 1970, nearly a century after Arbor Day was first celebrated, President Richard Nixon declared the last Friday of every April to be observed as National Arbor Day.

1970 年，也就是首次庆祝植树节将近一个世纪之后，理查德·尼克松总统宣布将每年 4 月的最后一个星期五定为全国植树节。

All 50 states recognize the April observance, although many hold an additional State Arbor Day in a month more suited to local tree planting.

全部五十个州都承认这一四月的节日，不过许多州还会在更适合当地植树的月份另设一个州植树节。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.

问题 19 至 21 基于你刚听到的录音。

Question 19.

问题 19。

What does the speaker say about Nebraska City in 1854 when Julius Morton moved there?

关于 1854 年朱利叶斯·莫顿搬去时的内布拉斯加城，说话者说了什么？

Question 20.

问题 20。

What did Julius Morton do that increased his influence in Nebraska City?

朱利叶斯·莫顿做了什么，使他在内布拉斯加城的影响力得以提升？

Question 21.

问题 21。

What does the speaker say happened on April 10, 1872?

说话者说 1872 年 4 月 10 日发生了什么？

Recording 3.

录音三。

Modern humans arose in Africa about 200,000 years ago.

现代人类大约在二十万年前起源于非洲。

They then spread across Europe and Asia sometime after 60,000 years ago.

随后在距今六万年之后的某个时候，他们扩散到欧洲和亚洲各地。

This is the out-of-Africa model, as it's commonly known.

这就是人们通常所说的「走出非洲」模型。

In the 1990s, the hypothesis found widespread acceptance, but this popular idea is in need of revision, particularly given the number of important findings across Asia over the past few decades.

20 世纪 90 年代，这一假说被广泛接受，但这个流行的观点需要修正，尤其是考虑到过去几十年间亚洲各地的大量重要发现。

For instance, many new human fossils found, particularly in China, are now dated as older than 60,000 years.

例如，新发现的许多人类化石——尤其是在中国发现的——如今测定的年代都早于六万年。

This calls into question the idea that modern humans migrated out of Africa only 60,000 years ago.

这就对「现代人类直到六万年前才走出非洲」这一观点提出了质疑。

Take the recent discovery of two modern human teeth found in the Luna Cave in China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.

以近期在中国广西壮族自治区娄洞发现的两颗现代人牙齿为例。

When my research team and I dated these teeth, we found they were more than 70,000 years old, a situation clearly impossible if modern humans moved out of Africa only 60,000 years ago.

当我和研究团队对这两颗牙齿进行年代测定时，发现它们已有七万多年历史；如果现代人类六万年前才走出非洲，这种情况显然不可能出现。

So with such findings, what happened exactly?

那么面对这些发现，究竟发生了什么？

Where does the most current data suggest we came from?

最新的数据表明我们究竟来自哪里？

The first question we should ask is, why did modern humans leave Africa to begin with?

我们首先该问的问题是：现代人类当初为什么要离开非洲？

If a population is perfectly adapted to a particular environment and has access to an abundance of resources, then there really is no reason to move or change.

如果一个种群完全适应了某个特定环境，并且能够获得充足的资源，那么它其实没有理由迁移或改变。

For instance, some monkeys in Africa have a set of teeth that has hardly changed over the course of millions of years, indicating that they found a place that has worked for them.

例如，非洲的一些猴子，其牙齿在数百万年间几乎没有变化，这表明它们找到了一处适合自己的地方。

So what happened with humans?

那么人类身上发生了什么？

Some researchers have suggested that population density increased to the point where smaller human groups were forced to explore new lands.

一些研究者认为，人口密度增长到了迫使较小的人群去开拓新土地的程度。

Other researchers have suggested that due to major environmental events in East Africa, humans were prompted to find greener pastures.

另一些研究者认为，由于东非发生了重大的环境事件，人类被迫去寻找更肥美的土地。

Yet another explanation could simply be that early modern human hunters were following the large animals that they relied on, and so they moved out of Africa without realising that they were actually moving from one continent to another.

还有一种解释可能仅仅是：早期现代人猎手在追随他们赖以为生的大型动物，于是走出了非洲，却没有意识到自己其实正从一个大陆迁往另一个大陆。

Humans need daily access to reliable fresh water, which appears to be absent from many coastal areas.

人类每天都需要可靠的淡水，而许多沿海地区似乎并不具备这一条件。

This brings us to another question, by which route did modern humans move out of Africa?

这就引出了另一个问题：现代人类是沿哪条路线走出非洲的？

No clear routes across the Mediterranean from North Africa appear to be present.

从北非跨越地中海的路线似乎并不明确存在。

So the earlier dispersals out of Africa and into Europe and Asia might have been across the Arabian Peninsula.

因此，早期走出非洲、进入欧洲和亚洲的扩散过程，可能是经由阿拉伯半岛完成的。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.

问题 22 至 25 基于你刚听到的录音。

Question 22.

问题 22。

What do we learn about modern humans according to the hypothesis commonly accepted in the 1990s?

根据 20 世纪 90 年代被广泛接受的假说，我们对现代人类有什么了解？

Question 23.

问题 23。

What has called into question the out-of-Africa model?

是什么对「走出非洲」模型提出了质疑？

Question 24.

问题 24。

What does the speaker want to show with the example of some monkeys in Africa?

说话者想用非洲一些猴子的例子说明什么？

Question 25.

问题 25。

What question does the speaker raise close to the end of the talk?

说话者在讲话接近尾声时提出了什么问题？