2017年12月六级第1套选词填空原文翻译及答案解析

In the past 12 months, Nigeria has suffered from a shrinking economy, a sliding currency, and a prolonged fuel shortage. Now, Africa's largest economy is facing a food crisis as major tomato fields have been destroyed by an insect, leading to a nationwide shortage and escalating prices.

过去12个月，尼日利亚经历了经济萎缩、货币贬值和长期的燃料短缺。如今，非洲最大的经济体正面临一场食物危机，主要番茄田被一种昆虫摧毁，导致全国性短缺和价格上涨。

The insect, Tutaabsoluta, has destroyed 80% of farms in Kaduna, Nigeria's largest tomato producing state, leading the government there to declare a state of __26__. The insect, also known as the tomato leaf miner, devastates crops by __27__ on fruits and digging into and moving through stalks. It __28__ incredibly quickly, breeding up to 12 generations per year if conditions are favorable. It is believed to have __29__ in South America in the early 1900s, and later spread to Europe before crossing over to sub-Saharan Africa.

这种名为Tutaabsoluta的昆虫摧毁了卡杜纳——尼日利亚最大的番茄生产州——80%的农场，导致当地政府宣布进入紧急状态。这种昆虫也被称为番茄潜叶蛾，通过啃食果实并在茎秆中挖掘移动来破坏作物。它繁殖极快，在有利条件下每年可繁殖多达12代。据信，它起源于20世纪初的南美洲，后来传播到欧洲，再蔓延至撒哈拉以南非洲。

In Nigeria, where tomatoes are a staple of local diets, the insect's effects are devastating. Retail prices for a __30__ of tomatoes at local markets have risen from $0.50 to $2.50. Farmers are reporting steep losses and a new $20 million tomato-paste factory has __31__ production due to the shortages.

在尼日利亚，番茄是当地饮食的主食，这种昆虫的影响是毁灭性的。当地市场上一把番茄的零售价格已从0.50美元涨至2.50美元。农民报告遭受严重损失，一家新的2000万美元番茄酱工厂因短缺而停产。

Given the moth's ability also to attack crops like pepper and potatoes, Audu Ogbeh, Nigeria's minister of agriculture, has warned that the pest may "create serious problems for food __32__ " in the country. Ogbeh says experts are investigating how to control the pest's damage and prevent its spread, which has gone largely __33__ until now.

鉴于这种蛾子还能攻击辣椒和土豆等作物，尼日利亚农业部长奥杜·奥贝赫警告说，这种害虫可能“在该国造成严重的食品安全问题”。奥贝赫表示，专家们正在研究如何控制害虫的损害并防止其蔓延，而这迄今为止基本上未受抑制。

Despite being the continent's second-largest producer of tomatoes, Nigeria is __34__ on $1 billion worth of tomato-paste imports every year, as around 75% of the local harvest goes to waste thanks to a lack of proper storage facilities. A further __35__ in local supplies is yet another unwelcome setback to the industry.

尽管是非洲大陆第二大番茄生产国，尼日利亚每年却依赖价值10亿美元的番茄酱进口，因为大约75%的当地收成由于缺乏适当的储存设施而浪费掉。当地供应的进一步减少对该行业来说是又一个不受欢迎的挫折。