2026年06月六级第2套选词填空原文翻译及答案解析

Most financial crises have plenty in common: they tend to start in the banking sector and involve excessive borrowing, together with an asset bubble. The __26__ crisis of 2008 was no different, with the asset bubble focused on US real estate. But my research suggests this crisis had another __27__ cause—that some people in the banking sector were playing or "gaming" the system for their own financial gain.

大多数金融危机都有许多共同之处：它们往往始于银行业，并伴随过度借贷以及资产泡沫。2008年的全球金融危机也不例外，其资产泡沫集中在美国房地产。但我的研究表明，这场危机还有另一个更深层的原因——银行业中的某些人为了自身的经济利益而在'博弈'或'操弄'这一体系。

The game being played had several important features. The first was the deliberate complexity of the financial products at its core. Then there are the __28__ biases that permeate decision-making at all levels of the banking industry. Banking often attracts people with certain personality __29__, including those who are overconfident and take excessive risks.

这场博弈有几个重要特征。第一个是其核心金融产品被刻意设计得复杂。其次是渗透于银行业各层级决策之中的行为偏差。银行业往往会吸引具有某些性格特质的人，包括那些过于自信、承担过度风险的人。

Such people tend to like complexity for its own sake, but they often do not fully understand the __30__ of that complexity for the stability of the financial system as a whole. Often they do not care—they are primarily interested in gaming the system to __31__ their bonuses.

这类人往往为复杂而喜欢复杂，但他们常常并不完全理解这种复杂性对整个金融体系稳定性的影响。他们往往也不在乎——他们主要感兴趣的是操弄这一体系以使自己的奖金最大化。

The next element is risk. There are parts of the banking sector that will always be __32__ to risk, but many bankers have come to feel immune to its potential impact, because they __33__ that, however recklessly banks behave, governments will always be there to bail them out.

下一个要素是风险。银行业中总有一些部分容易受到风险的影响，但许多银行家已渐渐觉得自己对其潜在冲击免疫，因为他们臆断，无论银行行为多么鲁莽，政府总会出手相救。

Gaming in the banking sector seems virtually impossible to __34__. The only effective measure to end it would be to make bankers __35__ liable for losses, but no government has ever passed such a law, and no single government could do so on its own, since this would immediately cause their entire national banking sector to move wholesale to another jurisdiction.

银行业中的这种操弄几乎不可能被消除。终结它的唯一有效措施是让银行家个人为损失承担责任，但从未有政府通过这样的法律，任何单一政府也无法独自这样做，因为这会立刻导致其整个国家的银行业整体迁往另一个司法管辖区。