2024年12月六级第3套选词填空原文翻译及答案解析

About 23% of the global population lives in absolute poverty. In developing countries there is a low life expectancy, a high infant __26__ rate, high levels of unemployment and illiteracy, nutritional levels below acceptable standards and widespread disease with very little or poor quality medical assistance. Others live __27__ wealthy and luxurious lives and so the wealth is distributed in a very __28__ manner. These are the central problems to questions of charity though charity also includes many other areas such as assisting the elderly.

全球大约23%的人口生活在绝对贫困中。在发展中国家，预期寿命低、婴儿死亡率高、失业率和文盲率高、营养水平低于可接受标准，且疾病广泛蔓延，医疗援助极少或质量低下。其他人则过着富裕奢华的生活，因此财富分配极不平等。这些是慈善问题的核心问题，尽管慈善还包括许多其他领域，如帮助老年人。

We all __29__ when very rich people pledge to give away most of their billions, but they are usually left with millions to pass on, still much more than most people would expect to earn in their lifetime. Even comparatively __30__ salaries in the west are very high when compared globally. Someone on £20,000 could easily afford to give away £2,000 per year and still have plenty to live on plus some luxuries.

当非常富有的人承诺捐出大部分数十亿财产时，我们都为之喝彩，但他们通常仍留下数百万传给后代，这仍远超大多数人一生预期的收入。即使在西方国家相对温和的工资，在全球范围内也显得很高。一个年薪2万英镑的人可以轻松地每年捐出2千英镑，同时仍拥有充足的生活费用和一些奢侈品。

Most people agree that giving to charity is morally __31__ but charitable behaviour tends to be regarded as above and beyond the call of duty. Some argue, however, that charitable behaviour is morally required. This means that to fail to behave charitably would be wrong. The majority of arguments in this vein refer to giving aid to poorer nations but they may also refer to giving time within one's __32__ community. Arguments tend to place different requirements on people in different income brackets and __33__ entirely people who are merely making ends meet. Some argue that people should all contribute a certain percentage of their earnings. I will __34__ together all those arguments that place a moral requirement on people to give to charity, despite the fact that there is wide disagreement as to the __35__ of that moral requirement.

大多数人同意捐赠给慈善机构是道德上值得赞扬的，但慈善行为往往被视为超越责任范围。然而，一些人认为慈善行为是道德上所必需的。这意味着不慈善行事是错误的。这类论点主要涉及向较贫穷国家提供援助，但也可能涉及在个人所在社区内奉献时间。这些论点往往对不同收入阶层的人提出不同要求，并完全排除那些仅能勉强维持生计的人。一些人认为所有人都应贡献收入的一定比例。我将探讨所有那些对人们施加道德要求、要求捐赠给慈善机构的论点，尽管关于这种道德要求的程度存在广泛分歧。