2011年考研英语二新题型 Part B 原文翻译及答案

Leading doctors today weigh in on the debate over the government's role in promoting public health by demanding that ministers impose "fat taxes" on unhealthy food and introduce cigarette-style warnings to children about the dangers of a poor diet.

今天，领先医生们通过要求部长们对不健康食品征收“脂肪税”并向儿童引入类似香烟的警告，以提醒他们不良饮食的危害，来参与有关政府在促进公共健康方面角色的辩论。

The demands follow comments made last week by the health secretary, Andrew Lansley, who insisted the government could not force people to make healthy choices and promised to free businesses from public health regulations.

这些要求是在上周卫生部长Andrew Lansley发表评论后提出的，Andrew Lansley坚称政府不能强迫人们做出健康选择，并承诺使企业免受公共卫生法规的约束。

But senior medical figures want to stop fast-food outlets opening near schools, restrict advertising of products high in fat, salt or sugar, and limit sponsorship of sports events by fast-food producers such as McDonald's.

但高级医学人士希望阻止快餐店在学校附近开业，限制高脂肪、高盐或高糖产品的广告，并限制快餐生产商如麦当劳对体育赛事的赞助。

They argue that government action is necessary to curb Britain's addiction to unhealthy food and help halt spiraling rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. Professor Terence Stephenson, president of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, said that the consumption of unhealthy food should be seen to be just as damaging as smoking or excessive drinking.

他们认为，政府行动对于遏制英国对不健康食品的成瘾并帮助阻止肥胖、糖尿病和心脏病发病率不断上升是必要的。皇家儿科和儿童健康学院院长Terence Stephenson教授表示，消费不健康食品应被视为与吸烟或过度饮酒同样有害。

"Thirty years ago, it would have been inconceivable to have imagined a ban on smoking in the workplace or in pubs, and yet that is what we have now. Are we willing to be just as courageous in respect of obesity? I would suggest that we should be," said the leader of the UK's children's doctors.

“三十年前，难以想象在工作场所或酒吧禁烟，但我们现在做到了。我们是否愿意在肥胖问题上同样勇敢？我认为我们应该如此，”英国儿童医生的领导者说。

Lansley has alarmed health campaigners by suggesting he wants industry rather than government to take the lead. He said that manufacturers of crisps and candies could play a central role in the Change4Life campaign, the centrepiece of government efforts to boost healthy eating and fitness. He has also criticised the celebrity chef Jamie Oliver's high-profile attempt to improve school lunches in England as an example of how "lecturing" people was not the best way to change their behaviour.

Lansley让健康活动家们感到震惊，因为他暗示他希望由行业而非政府来引领。他说，薯片和糖果制造商可以在Change4Life运动中发挥核心作用，该运动是政府努力促进健康饮食和健身的核心。他还批评了名厨Jamie Oliver高调尝试改善英格兰学校午餐的做法，认为这表明“说教”人们并不是改变他们行为的最佳方式。

Stephenson suggested potential restrictions could include banning TV advertisements for foods high in fat, salt or sugar before 9 pm and limiting them on billboards or in cinemas. "If we were really bold, we might even begin to think of high-calorie fast food in the same way as cigarettes — by setting strict limits on advertising, product placement and sponsorship of sports events," he said.

Stephenson建议，可能的限制措施包括禁止在晚上9点前播放高脂肪、高盐或高糖食品的电视广告，并限制在广告牌或电影院播放这些广告。“如果我们真的大胆，我们甚至可能开始像对待香烟一样对待高热量快餐——通过严格限制广告、植入广告和体育赛事赞助，”他说。

Such a move could affect firms such as McDonald's, which sponsors the youth coaching scheme run by the Football Association. Fast-food chains should also stop offering "inducements" such as toys, cute animals and mobile phone credit to lure young customers, Stephenson said.

这样的举措可能会影响麦当劳等公司，该公司赞助由足球协会运营的青年教练计划。Stephenson说，快餐连锁店还应该停止提供玩具、可爱动物和手机话费等“诱饵”来吸引年轻顾客。

Professor Dinesh Bhugra, president of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, said: "If children are taught about the impact that food has on their growth, and that some things can harm, at least information is available up front."

皇家精神科医师学院院长Dinesh Bhugra教授说：“如果孩子们被教导食物对他们的成长有什么影响，以及某些东西可能有害，至少信息是提前提供的。”

He also urged councils to impose "fast-food-free zones" around schools and hospitals — areas within which takeaways cannot open.

他还敦促地方议会在学校和医院周围设立“无快餐区”——在这些区域内，外卖店不能开业。

A Department of Health spokesperson said: "We need to create a new vision for public health where all of society works together to get healthy and live longer. This includes creating a new 'responsibility deal' with business, built on social responsibility, not state regulation. Later this year, we will publish a white paper setting out exactly how we will achieve this."

卫生部发言人说：“我们需要为公共卫生创造一个新愿景，让整个社会共同努力，变得更健康、更长寿。这包括与企业建立一个新的‘责任协议’，基于社会责任，而不是国家监管。今年晚些时候，我们将发布一份白皮书，详细说明我们将如何实现这一点。”

The food industry will be alarmed that such senior doctors back such radical moves, especially the call to use some of the tough tactics that have been deployed against smoking over the last decade.

食品行业将会感到震惊，如此资深的医生支持如此激进的举措，特别是呼吁使用过去十年中针对吸烟所采取的一些强硬策略。

Andrew Lansley held that

Andrew Lansley认为

Terence Stephenson agreed that

Terence Stephenson同意

Jamie Oliver seemed to believe that

Jamie Oliver似乎相信

Dinesh Bhugra suggested that

Dinesh Bhugra建议

A Department of Health spokesperson proposed that

卫生部发言人提出